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Znaczenie warunków geologicznych i geomorfologicznych dla rozwoju i współczesnego stanu torfowisk Niecki Nidziańskiej

Okupny Daniel, Jucha Witold

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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vol. 68, nr 2

135--144

EN

Significance of geological and geomorphological conditions for development and the contemporary state of peatlands in the Nida Basin. Prz. Geol., 68:135-144; doi: 10.7306/2020.6 Abstract. Synthetic studies of biogenic deposits made on a regional scale reveal how the geological structure and land relief have been affecting the development of limnic and peat sediments. The research was made in the Nida Basin, which is the region of great diversity of natural landscape in southern Poland and has a relatively large area of peatlands. The conclusions have been based on SRTM interpretation, hydrogeological documentations of deposits near Busko-Zdrój, and field and laboratory works. The spring-fed fen at Zwierzyniec, along with the fen at Mikulowice, has been forming on the densest complexes of alkaline fens in the Małopolska Upland. The calcareous tufa includes records of chemical denudation occurring in the southern part of the Pińczów Hump in the Late Weichselian and Holocene.

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Late Glacial palaeoenvironmental changes in the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains based on the "Białe Ługi" peatland record

Okupny Daniel, Malkiewicz Małgorzata, Pawłowski Dominik, Ludwikowska-Kędzia Małgorzata, Borówka Ryszard Krzysztof, Forysiak Jacek, Michczyński Adam, Jucha Witold, Cybul Piotr, Żurek Sławomir

Studia Quaternaria

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2019

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Vol. 36, Nr 2

119--135

EN

This paper presents the Late Glacial stage of the development of the Białe Ługi peatland in the southern Holy Cross Mountains, based on a comprehensive palaeoenvironmental data. A complex analysis of palynology, Cladocera, sedimentology, geochemistry and 14C dating were used. Organic deposition was initiated during the Oldest Dryas. The sedimentary record of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems reflects considerable difference between cooler (Oldest, Older and Younger Dryas) and warmer phases (Bølling and Allerød). Periods of intensified interaction between Aeolian processes and peatland are related to stages of disappearing vegetation and changes in aquatic invertebrate communities. We therefore suggest that peatlands were created as a result of local lithological-structural, tectonic, hydrogeological and morphological conditions, and the peatland development rate was largely influenced by changing climatic conditions, which determined local vegetation development, intensity of denudation processes and water level changes. The results validate significance of selection and use of several methods, as well as value of biogenic deposits from the Białe Ługi peatland as archives of past climate change in the Małopolska Upland. Relatively stable water conditions and uninterrupted biogenic sedimentation in the Late Glacial that were provided by the geological structure and relief suggest the studied peatland is a leading one in the region.

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The impact of postglacial palaeoenvironmental changes on the properties of sediments in the kettle hole at Jurki (NE Poland)

Karasiewicz T. M., Hulisz P., Noryśkiewicz A. M., Stachowicz-Rybka R., Michalski A., Dąbrowski M., Gamrat W. W.

Geological Quarterly

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2017

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Vol. 61, No. 2

319--333

EN

This research is focused on a small kettle hole located within the Morąg moraines (Iława Lake District, NE Poland). The study objective was to determine the impact of palaeoenvironmental changes in sedimentation and properties of sediments filling the bottom of the kettle hole. Sedimentological, geochemical, and palaeobotanical studies enabled us to distinguish several development phases of the kettle hole, and cluster analysis performed on physicochemical data yielded seven local geochemical zones (JuI/I to JuI/VII). The beginning of biogenic sedimentation in the conditions of a small water body, functioning in the Late Glacial period (4.20–4.10 m), was determined on the basis of palaeobotanical research. Sediments deposited in the lake during its further evolution were rich in microelements such as Ca, Na, Mg, and K, and to a smaller extent – Fe and Mn (JuI/I–III local geochemical zones). The Late Glacial lacustrine period ended with the accumulation of very silty, pollen-free gyttja, with a stratigraphic hiatus (JuI/IV, 3.40–3.20 m). The sediments were enriched with SiO2ter, which indicates an increased rate of slope erosion, and concretions of Fe-Mn occurring below this layer (JuIII) provide evidence for lowering of the water level and even desiccation. In the Holocene, the lacustrine period ended with the accumulation of coarse detrital gyttja (3.20–2.60 m). Palaeobotanical data indicate that the next group of sediments were deposited in the Late Subboreal and Subatlantic periods (2.60–0.0 cm, JuI/V–VII; sedge peat). Their properties were varied and related to hydrologic conditions, limited denudation, and vegetation succession. There was also a significant change in the trophic conditions of the water and consequently in the sediments of the kettle hole, which changed during the lacustrine period from basic to acid, and strongly acid in the surface layer. This reaction may be related to a change in the water regime as well as to human impact in the environment, which led to the colonization of the peat bog by Sphagnum moss.

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Osady interglacjału eemskiego w Rakowie Nowym k. Kolna

Bałuk A., Krupiński K.M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2000

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Vol. 48, nr 9

789-795

PL

Stanowisko osadów biogenicznych, datowanych paleobotanicznie na interglacjal eemskijest usytuowane w obniżeniu wytopiskowym otoczonym kemami, obok małego reliktowego jeziorka. Osady te przykryte są tylko cienką warstwą piasków deluwialnych. Obecność osadów eemskich bez przykrycia morenowego w okolicach Kolna jest dowodem, że lądolód ostatniego zlodowacenia nie objął tego obszaru. Geologiczna i geomorfologiczna sytuacja stanowiska w Rakowie Nowym potwierdza dotychczasowe poglądy o położeniu Wysoczyzny Kolneńskiej poza zasiągiem zlodowacenia wisły.

EN

The described site ofbiogenic deposits, palaeobotanically ascribed to the Eemian Interglacial, is located in a kettle hole surrounded by kames, near a small relic lake. These deposits are covered by a thin layer ofdeluvial sands only. The presence near Kolno of the Eemian Interglacial sediments without a till cover indicates, that ice sheet of the Vistulian Glaciation was not reached this area. Geological and geomorphological situation of the site acknowledges hitherto opinions on location of the Kolno Plateau beyond a limit of the Vistulian Glaciation.