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Microbiological and energetic assessment of the effects of the biodrying of fuel produced from waste

Malinowski M., Wolny-Koładka K.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2017

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Vol. 24, nr 4

551--564

EN

Biological drying (biodrying) is one of the methods of biological processing of waste, used mainly as part of the mechanical biological treatment of mixed municipal waste. Biological drying uses the heat released during the decomposition of organic matter to reduce the amount of water in dried waste. The aim of the analyses was to provide a microbiological and energetic (fuel) assessment of the process of biodrying of alternative fuel (RDF) obtained by mechanical sorting of mixed municipal waste. The resulting alternative fuel (obtained with just sorting) is characterised by varied moisture content and the presence of diverse groups of microorganisms. The analyses were intended to assess 3 alternative methods of biodrying of alternative fuel in order to produce a stable end product for utility power generation and the cement industry. The analyses were performed using special bioreactors equipped with custom (innovative) fluidised bed, aeration system (air flow rate 500 m3 · h−1), effluents drain systems, post-process air offtake and 4 temperature sensors. The assessment of the impact of the employed bed aeration methods on the quality of the alternative fuel was performed in 3 repetitions with the same external parameters. The obtained results show that after 8 days of biodrying, in the most favourable option, the moisture content in the fuel was reduced to the level of 18.7%, i.e. by 39%, the resulting fuel was microbiologically stable and the calorific value of the fuel was increased on average by 3.2 MJ · kg−1.

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The environmental assessment of mechanical-biological waste treatment by LCA method

Żygadło M., Dębicka M.

Structure and Environment

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2016

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Vol. 8, no. 4

260--265

EN

The computer program IWM-PL for the life cycle assessment (LCA) of waste was described. The environmental impact of the mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) technology was estimated. Final report shows that the analysed MBT plant does not have negative impact on the environment.

3

Biosuszenie pofermentu z biogazowni rolniczych

Białowiec A., Wiśniewski D., Pulka J., Siudak M., Jakubowski B., Myślak B.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2015

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Tom 17, cz. 2

1554--1568

EN

Anaerobic digestion residue represents a nutrient rich resource which, if applied back on land, can reduce the use of mineral fertilizers and improve soil fertility. However, dewatering of digestate may be recommended in certain situation. Limited applicability of digestate as fertilizer may appear, especially in winter, during the vegetation period or in areas where advanced eutrophication of arable land and water bodies is developing. The use of digestate may be also governed by different laws depending on whether it is treated as fertilizer, sewage sludge or waste. The solution for thus problem may by application of biodrying process. The aim of this paper is to present the possibilities of digestate from agricultural biogas plant drying in biodrying process, and analysis of its kinetic and efficiency. Dewatered digestate from agricultural biogas plant, with initial moisture of 78%, was mixed with wood chips in proportion 45:55, respectively. The mixture was placed in container reactor, and aerated during 4 weeks. During the experiment the temperature in the reactor, weight of the digestate, and energy demand was measured. Due to biodrying process, with mean air flow rate 0.025 m3/kg.h, 502 kg mass loss was achieved, what consists 76% of the initial weight of the digestate. Mean temperature in the bioreactor during first 10 days, fluctuated between 55 to 60°C. After that, gradual decrease of the temperature to 40°C in the end of 3rd week was observed. During last week the intense cooling of the bioreactor to final temperature below 20°C was observed. It was determined, that digestate mass loss had I-order reaction character. The k constant rate value was estimated, which was on the level of 0.00068 [1/h]. Total energy demand was 14.792 kWh, what relates to 0.0295 kWh of used energy per kg of mass removed.

4

Biologiczne suszenie mieszaniny masy pofermentacyjnej z biogazowni i organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych

Domińczyk-Kuderko A., Krzystek L., Ledakowicz S., Pogoda M.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2015

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Nr 4

150--151

PL

W pracy zbadano możliwości zagospodarowania mieszaniny masy pofermentacyjnej podchodzącej z produkcji biogazu oraz frakcji organicznej stałych odpadów komunalnych w procesie biologicznego suszenia. Stwierdzono, że proces biosuszenia umożliwił ponad 60% usunięcie wilgoci z odpadów, których początkowa wilgotność wynosiła od 500 do 600 g×kg-1. Podczas procesu temperatura biomasy osiągnęła wartość ok. 54°C. Produkt końcowy charakteryzował się wysokimi wartościami ciepła spalania oraz wartości opałowej (około 14,85 i 13,61 kJּg-1).

EN

The aim of this study was to investigate possibility of management of waste originated from the production of biogas (digested sludge)mixed with an organic fraction of municipal solid waste in the process of biological drying. Autothermal drying process resulted in greater then 60% reduction of moisture of organic wastes with the initial moisture content of about 600 g×kg-1. During the biodrying process, the temperature of waste mass reached a value of about 54°C. The high values of both combustion heat and high calorific values of about 14.85 and 13,61 kJּg-1 respectively were obtained.

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Impact Of Aerobic Biostabilisation And Biodrying Process Of Municipal Solid Waste On Minimisation Of Waste Deposited In Landfills

Dziedzic K., Łapczyńska-Kordon B., Malinowski M., Sikora J., Niemiec M.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 36, nr 4

381--394

EN

The article discusses an innovative system used for aerobic biostabilisation and biological drying of solid municipal waste. A mechanical–biological process (MBT) of municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment were carried out and monitored in 5 bioreactors. A two-stage biological treatment process has been used in the investigation. In the first step an undersize fraction was subjected to the biological stabilisation for a period of 14 days as a result of which there was a decrease of loss on ignition, but not sufficient to fulfill the requirements of MBT technology. In the second stage of a biological treatment has been applied 7-days intensive bio-drying of MSW using sustained high temperatures in bioreactor. The article presents the results of the chemical composition analysis of the undersize fraction and waste after biological drying, and also the results of temperature changes, pH ratio, loss on ignition, moisture content, combustible and volatile matter content, heat of combustion and calorific value of wastes. The mass balance of the MBT of MSW with using the innovative aeration system showed that only 14.5% of waste need to be landfilled, 61.5% could be used for thermal treatment, and nearly 19% being lost in the process as CO2 and H2O.

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The impact of micro-organism activity on the biodrying process

Abramczyk Ł., Domińczyk A., Ślęzak R., Cichowicz R. A.

Acta Innovations

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2014

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no. 13

5--11

EN

The biodrying process was carried out in a bioreactor with a capacity of 240 dm3. The research utilized digested sludge from a sewage treatment plant and an organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The dry mass, dry organic mass, temperature, and respiration index of the dried material were determined during the biodrying process. Because of the waste biodrying process for ten days, the amount of moisture removed was 51.7%. The greatest activity of microorganisms in the waste was on the fourth day of the process, when the temperature reached the maximum value of 58°C in the top layer of waste in the middle of the bioreactor.

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Biologiczne suszenie mieszaniny stałych odpadów przemysłu papierniczego oraz organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych

Domińczyk A., Krzystek L., Ledakowicz S.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2012

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Nr 4

115-116

PL

W pracy przedstawiono badania dotyczące procesu biologicznego suszenia mieszaniny stałych odpadów przemysłu papierniczego oraz organicznej frakcji stałych odpadów komunalnych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że biologiczne suszenie materii organicznej o wilgotności dochodzącej do 600 g·kg-1 umożliwia ok. 70% usunięcie wilgoci otrzymanie wysuszonego materiału o wartości opałowej wynoszącej ok. 13,24 kJ·g-1 oraz cieple spalania ok. 14,52 kJ·g-1.

EN

In this paper the biological drying process of the mixture of paper industry waste and organic fraction of municipal solid waste was investigated. As a result of autothermal drying processes moisture content decreased by 70% at the initial moisture content of organic waste of about 600 g·kg-1. The high values of combustion heat and high calorific values for both processes were obtained (about 14.52 kJ·g-1 and 13.24 kJ·g-1).

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Biologiczne suszenie osadów ściekowych i organicznej frakcji miejskich odpadów stałych metodą kompostowania w reaktorze okresowym

Krzystek L., Zawadzka A., Ledakowicz S.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2009

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Nr 3

65-66

PL

Proces biologicznego suszenia prowadzono w tunelu suszarniczym o pojemności 240 dm3, wyposażonym w czujniki do pomiaru wilgotności i temperatury powietrza wlotowego i wylotowego oraz do pomiaru temperatury kompostowanych odpadów. W badaniach wykorzystano tlenowy osad ściekowy i organiczną frakcję stałych odpadów komunalnych o dużej wilgotności początkowej. Uzyskano 50% obniżenie zawartości wilgoci suszonych materiałów.

EN

Experiments of biodrying were performed in the laboratory scale using a horizontal reactor of 240 dm3 of total capacity equipped with sensors to measure: temperature and humidity of composting biomass and temperature of inlet and outlet air. In the investigations a mixture of biodegradable municipal waste of high moisture content and aerobic sludge were used. The results obtained showed 50% decrease of moisture content of dried material.