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Research of autonomous generator indicators with the dynamically changing component of a two-fuel mixture

Kupchuk Ihor, Burlaka Serhii, Galushchak Alexander, Yemchyk Tetiana, Galushchak Dmytro, Prysiazhniuk Yrii

Polityka Energetyczna

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2022

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T. 25, z. 2

147--162

EN

Diesel generator engines operate in wide load modes; therefore, it is necessary to change the percentage of the mixture of diesel and biodiesel fuel depending on the operating mode of the engine; this ensures its technical performance at the required level in all operating modes, including starting and stopping the engine. This article describes an algorithm for the operation of a diesel generator and an algorithm for determining the composition of the fuel mixture. During the study, the ratio between the components of the mixture changed, taking into account the load modes of operation of the diesel generator, indicators of fuel supply and the formulation of the fuel mixture to ensure optimal values of technical and economic indicators. To assess the efficiency of the flow of working processes in a diesel cylinder, their duration was selected, which is estimated by the duration of the processes of fuel injection, evaporation and combustion. Using the dynamic regulation of the composition of the diesel and biodiesel fuel, the total fuel consumption increased by 5.9%, but the cost of purchasing the fuel is reduced by 10% (at prices as of November 2021) and by 14.6% (based on prices as of the beginning of 2022) compared to engine operation with diesel fuel. This confirms the expediency of using the dynamic adjustment of the composition of the fuel mixture. In addition, even higher economic indicators can be achieved by using an autonomous power plant with a diesel power capacity higher than the generator capacity.

PL

Silniki Diesla pracują w szerokim zakresie obciążenia, dlatego konieczna jest zmiana procentowej mieszanki oleju napędowego i biodiesla, w zależności od trybu pracy silnika, co zapewni jego osiągi techniczne na wymaganym poziomie we wszystkich trybach pracy, w tym uruchamianie i zatrzymywanie silnika. W artykule opisano algorytm działania generatora diesla oraz algorytm wyznaczania składu mieszanki paliwowej. W trakcie badań zmieniały się proporcje między składnikami mieszanki, biorąc pod uwagę obciążeniowe tryby pracy agregatu prądotwórczego oraz wskaźniki podawania paliwa i tworzenia mieszanki paliwowej, aby zapewnić optymalne wartości wskaźników technicznych, ekonomicznych i środowiskowych. Do oceny wydajności przebiegu procesów roboczych w cylindrze diesla dobrano czas ich trwania, który szacowany jest czasem trwania procesów wtrysku, odparowania i spalania paliwa.

2

Effect of biodiesel on the development of split injection characteristics

Slavinskas Stasys, Labeckas Gvidonas, Mickevičius Tomas

Combustion Engines

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2019

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R. 58, nr 2

103--107

EN

The paper presents the experimental test results of a common rail injection system operating with biodiesel and the diesel fuel. The three fuel split injection strategies were implemented to investigate the effects made by biodiesel and a fossil diesel fuel on the history of injector inlet pressure and the injection rate. In addition, the three intervals between split injections and the different injection pressures were used to obtain more information about the studied subjects. The obtained results showed that the peak mass injection rates of the main injection phase were slightly higher when using biodiesel than the respective values measured with the normal diesel fuel. Because the first injection phase activated the fuel pressure fluctuations along the high-pressure line and in front of the injector, the time-span between injections has an impact on the injector inlet pressure and thus the fuel injection rate during the second injection phase. Since the nozzle closes little later for biodiesel, the injector inlet pressure also occurred latter in the cycle.

3

Calculation of the performance indicators of machine and tractor aggregates using biofuel

Anisimov V., Ryaboshapka V., Ivanovs S.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 61, nr 3

16--20

EN

The existing methods for the calculation of the performance indicators of machine and tractor aggregates (MTA) do not take into account the effect of biodiesel fuel on their operation and therefore require corrections considering the key and associated factors. The aims of the investigation are clarification of mathematical dependencies in case another kind of fuel is used and development of a methodology for the calculation of the efficiency of the MTA. As a result of simulation of the MTA draft indicators, the effect of biodiesel fuel on the tractive characteristics of the MTA power unit has been investigated under different operating conditions.

PL

Istniejące metody kalkulacji wskaźników wydajności maszyn zagregowanych z ciągnikiem nie biorą pod uwagę wpływu biopaliwa na ich pracę i dlatego wymagają korekt po rozważeniu kluczowych i powiązanych czynników. Kierunki badań są wyjaśnieniem matematycznych zależności, jeżeli inny rodzaj paliwa jest używany i rozwój metodologii dla kalkulacji skuteczności maszyn zagregowanych z ciągnikiem. Jako wynik symulacji wskaźników maszyn zagregowanych z ciągnikiem w fazie projektu, wpływ biopaliwa na pociągowe cechy bloku energetycznego maszyn zagregowanych z ciągnikiem został zbadany na mocy innych warunków eksploatacyjnych.

4

Analysis of biodiesel fuel and bioethanol production and consumption in Latvia

Viesturs D., Melece L., Kopiks N.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 59, nr 4

111--113

EN

The article provides an analysis of the biofuel production and consumption development in Latvia. The biofuel production developed due to the state subsidies which were paid for the produced amount till the year 2010. The present capacities can ensure fulfilment of the norms set by the EU Directive for the consumption of biofuel; there is a competitive production unit with a modern technology and a great production output. However, in the field of consumption, the state considerably lags behind the norms mentioned. Therefore measures should be continued to promote biofuel consumption.

5

A comparative study on environmental emissions and performance of a stationary type diesel engine fuelled with biodiesels derived from two different feedstocks

Sairam K., Gopinath A., Velraj R.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 39, nr 4

113--124

EN

The objective of the present study was to experimentally investigate environmental emissions and performance of a stationary type diesel engine fuelled with biodiesels derived from two different feedstocks; one is more unsaturated (rice bran biodiesel) and the other one is more saturated in nature (palm biodiesel) and compare with petrodiesel. Tests were conducted in a single cylinder, air cooled, direct injection diesel engine. From the experimental results, it was found that the nitrogen oxides emissions were higher with biodiesel fuels. The hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions of palm biodiesel were lower than the other test fuels. The smoke emission of rice bran biodiesel was the lowest compared to the rest of the fuels. A considerable reduction in thermal efficiency was found with both the biodiesels when compared to diesel. From the present study, it is concluded that the biodiesels derived from palm and rice bran oils with their different fatty acid composition, show lower exhaust emissions and closer performance characteristics to diesel.

6

Biodiesel Fuel Production by Transesteryfication of Algae Oil

Bień J., Zabochnicka-Świątek M., Ligienza A.

Archivum Combustionis

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2010

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Vol. 30 nr 3

87-94

EN

World energy crisis caused that continuous use of fossil fuels is now widely recognized unsustainable. Depleting supplies and contribution of petroleum fuels forced search of alternative energy source. Renewable biofuels are needed to displace petroleum derived transport fuels. Biodiesel is an alternative, renewable, biodegradable and non-toxic fuel. Therefore it can be used alone or blended with conventional petro diesel in unmodified diesel engine vehicles. It has been well reported that biodiesel can be made from almost any biosource from animal fat to vegetable oil such as soybean, palm and sunflower oil. Unfortunately biodiesel made from crops oil, animal fat or waste cooking oil cannot be the only source of biodiesel. Also microalgae appear to be a promising source of biodiesel that gratified the global demand for transport fuel. Like plants, microalgae use sunlight to produce oil. The major component of microalgae oil are triglycerides which can be converted in reaction named transestryfication to produce biodiesel. Transestryfication is a chemical reaction between oil triglycerides and alcohol. This reaction is usually catalyzed by a strong base, such as NaOH or KOH, acid (H2SO4) or enzyme such as lipase. It has been well reported that transestryfication process using alkali catalyst gives a high level conversion triglycerides to their corresponding methyl esters in a short time. Transestryfication process is affected by the mode of reaction conditions, molar ratio and type of alcohol, type of catalyst, reaction time or temperature.