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Bioresorbable polymeric materials – current state of knowledge

Wiśniewska Kamila, Rybak Zbigniew, Wątrobiński Marcin, Struszczyk Marcin H., Filipiak Jarosław, Żywicka Bogusława, Szymonowicz Maria

Polimery

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2021

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T. 66, nr 1

3--10

EN

Bioresorbable materials are used in medicine for fixing, correcting or stabilizing bones in various anatomical areas, and the market for such materials is growing rapidly worldwide. The use of polymers for their production is associated with the ability to control their properties. They are prepared from bioresorbable materials with variable surface, geometry, porosity, as well as mechanical and surface properties. They support bone healing and are suitable for tissue regeneration due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. We believe that materials from biodegradable polymers will play an increasingly important role in future medicine.

PL

Materiały bioresorbowalne są szeroko stosowane wmedycynie do uzupełniania ubytków kości w różnych stanach chorobowych i powypadkowych, a także do nadbudowy iodbudowy kostnej oraz mocowania złamań. Rynek tego typu materiałów szybko się rozwija na całym świecie. Powszechność wykorzystania polimerów jest związana z możliwością kontrolowania ich właściwości. Zaletą materia-łów polimerowych jest możliwość zmiany powierzchni, geometrii, porowatości, właściwości mechanicz-nych ipowierzchniowych, atakże ich biodegradowalność ibiokompatybilność. Materiały z polimerów biodegradowalnych będą zapewne odgrywać coraz poważniejszą rolę w medycynie przyszłości.

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Fabrication of Pure Electrospun Materials from Hyaluronic Acid

Pabjańczyk-Wlazło E., Krucińska I., Chrzanowski M., Szparaga G., Chaberska A., Kolesińska B., Komisarczyk A., Boguń M.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2017

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Vol. 25, no. 3 (123)

45--52

EN

The aim of the research was to develop optimal conditions for manufacturing materials based on hyaluronic acid by the electrospun method. The studies were composed of three stages: the process of selection of the optimal solvent (mixture of solvents), the molecular weight of hyaluronic acid, and the concentration of biopolymer in the spinning solution. The influence of variable parameters on the rheological properties of the spinning solutions and electrospinning trails was tested. Depending on the electrospinning regime applied, the fibers obtained were characterised by a diameter of the order of 20 to 400 nm. As a result of the development works presented, an optimal molecular weight of the polymer, its concentration and system of solvents were determined, together with process parameters, ensuring a stable electrospinning process and relatively homogeneous nanofibers. Additionally studies on the residues of solvents used during electrosun formation were done and parameters of drying of the final materials were examined. This approach (verification of the presence of organic solvent residue in the nanofibrous formed) is important for the suitability of nanofibres as scaffolds for regenerative medicine. This study provides an opportunity for the understanding and identification of process parameters, allowing for predictable manufacturing nanofibers based on natural biopolymers, which makes it tremendously beneficial in terms of customisation.

PL

Celem badań było opracowanie optymalnych warunków otrzymywania nanowłókien z kwasu hialuronowego. Badania obejmowały następujące etapy realizacji pracy: proces doboru optymalnego rozpuszczalnika dla polimeru oraz dobór masy cząsteczkowej kwasu hialuronowego. Zbadano właściwości reologiczne roztworów oraz wpływ zmiennych parametrów procesowych na strukturę mikroskopową włókien. W zależności od zastosowanych parametrów elektroprzędzenia otrzymane włókna charakteryzowały się średnią rzędu od 20 do 400 nm. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono badania dotyczące pozostałości rozpuszczalników stosowanych w przygotowaniu roztworów przędzalniczych, co jest istotne z punktu widzenia wykorzystania tych materiałów w obrębie medycyny regeneracyjnej.

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Mechanical properties variation and constitutive modelling of biomedical polymers after sterilization

Zanelli L., Todros S., Carniel E. L., Pavan P. G., Natali A. N.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 3

3--9

EN

Purpose: In this work, the mechanical behavior of two block copolymers for biomedical applications is studied with particular regard to the effects induced by a steam sterilization treatment that biomedical devices usually undergo in healthcare facilities. This investigation is aimed at describing the elasto-plastic behavior of the stress-strain response, determining a functional dependence between material constitutive parameters, to obtain an optimal constitutive model. Methods: The mechanical properties of these polymers are analyzed through uniaxial tensile tests, before and after the sterilization process. The effect of sterilization on the mechanical behavior is evaluated. The Ramberg-Osgood model is used to describe the elasto-plastic behavior of the stress-strain response. Results: Data from uniaxial tensile tests are discussed in the light of previous data on the same polymeric materials, in order to highlight the correlation between physicochemical and mechanical properties variation. The material constitutive parameters are determined and the functional dependence between them is found, thus enabling an optimal constitutive model to be obtained. Conclusions: The effect of sterilization on the material constitutive parameters is studied, to evaluate the suitability of the model in describing the mechanical response of biomedical polymer before and after sterilization treatment. The same approach can be applied to other biomaterials, under various tensile tests, and for several processes that induce variation in mechanical properties.

4

Non-penetrating very deep sclerectomy with a hydrophobic polymer implant in a rabbit model

Leszczyński R., Stodolak-Zych E., Gumuła T., Wieczorek J., Kosenyuk Y., Pawlicki K., Błażewicz S.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

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Vol. 17, no. 3

23--31

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of an implant made of a terpolymer (PTFE-PVDF-PP) on the condition of rabbit eyes during a one year observation period. Methods: The implant in the shape of an equilateral triangle (3 mm side length) was manufactured from a thin hydrophobic porous membrane. There were evaluated 40 eyes of 20 rabbits. The animals had non-penetrating very deep sclerectomy (NPVDS) performed, with insertion of an implant in the form of a triangular thin membrane. The control group consisted of 20 eyes where the animals had NPVDS performed without implant insertion. The evaluations included the study of the anterior part of the eye together with photographic documentation. Histopathological examination of the eyes 52 weeks after NPVDS procedure has been made. The process of wound healing was comparable in both groups. Results: The evaluation of the rabbits did not reveal any acute process of intraocular inflammation. After 12 month period of observation, no statistically significant differences in the process of wound healing or status of eyes were found between the groups. An analysis of fibrous connective tissue attachment to the implant showed that its layer was not thick and did not differ significantly from the control. The procedure of very deep sclerectomy and insertion of a polymer implant were well tolerated by the rabbit eyes. Conclusions: The in vivo results indicate that the hydrophobic implant in the form of a membrane can serve as a sclera implant after further study.