The presented work aimed at evaluating a fertilizing mixture of sewage sludge, brown coal and brown coal ash enriched with potassium mineral fertilizer on mobility of heavy metals. The effects of fertilization were compared with the effects obtained from fertilization with: sewage sludge, mixture of sewage sludge and mineral fertilizer, mixture of brown coal and mineral fertilizers and mineral fertilizers. Soil was slightly contaminated with zinc and cadmium (II°) and showed elevated concentration of lead (I°). The uptake of heavy metals by plants depended on the concentration of bioavailable metal forms determined with 0.01 M CaCl2 and 1 M HC1. Fertilization with the mixture of sewage sludge, brown coal, brown coal ash enriched with potassium mineral fertilizer resulted in the reduction in the concentrations of zinc by 30-38%, cadmium by 28-34% and lead by 11-50% in plant biomass compared to soil with no fertilization.
Badania nad ługowalnością popiołów lotnych podjęto w celu oszacowania ich ekologicznego znaczenia, w związku z coraz szerszym zastosowaniem w rolnictwie, drogownictwie i budownictwie. Potencjalne skutki zagrożeń wiązać się mogą z oddziaływaniem na otoczenie związków rozpuszczonych powstających po ługowaniu kwaśnym opadem atmosferycznym.
EN
The character of changes in selected physical and chemical properties of fly ashes induced by simulated acid rain conditions has been determined. The acid rain has been found to wash out the ions Ca2+, K+ and Fe3+ from the fly ashes. The ions Ca2+ and K+ have been leached in the highest mean concentrations from the fly ashes of the grain fraction smaller than 0.045 mm and the mean concentrations of the leached ions are 194.8 mg/dm3 and 17.2 mg/dm3. Fe3+ ions have been leached in very small amounts from all fly ashes samples studied. It has been found that the exposure of fly ashes to simulated acid rain causes a significant development of the porous structure, an increase in the pore volume by 8.5 times, and an increase in the surface area by 2.7 times. The effect of acid rain on the fly ashes texture is illustrated by SEM photographs.
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