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1

„Złotodajna” makulatura. Na marginesie badań nad polskimi wydaniami modlitewnika Hortulus animae

Krzak-Weiss Katarzyna

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2023

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T. 68, nr 3

97--110

EN

Research on binding wastepaper has a long tradition in Poland, dating back to the 1820s, and the result is the discovery of fragments of many valuable manuscripts and prints. This article is devoted to the discoveries made, among others, by Władysław Nehring, Kazimierz Piekarski and Anna Lewicka-Kamińska, the fruit of which were previously unknown editions of the popular prayer book Hortulus animae, found and preserved only in the fragments they discovered. The most groundbreaking was Nehring’s find, thanks to which eight pages of the first Polish edition of Hortulus were published, but the importance of the remaining ones cannot be overestimated. It is noteworthy that out of eleven (certain and highly probable) editions, dating back to the first half of the 16th c., as many as six are known only thanks to single sheets extracted from their bindings.

2

Assessment of the Harmfulness of Moulding Sands with Alkyd Resin Subjected to the High Temperature Influence

Holtzer M., Dańko R., Żymankowska-Kumon S., Kubecki M., Bobrowski A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2016

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Vol. 61, iss. 4

2171--2176

EN

Out of moulding sands used in the foundry industry, sands with organic binders deserve a special attention. These binders are based on synthetic resins, which ensure obtaining the proper technological properties and sound castings, however, they negatively influence the environment. These resins in their initial state these resins are not very dangerous for people and for the environment, thus under an influence of high temperatures they generate very harmful products, being the result of their thermal decomposition. Depending on the kind of the applied resin, under an influence of a temperature such compounds as: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol, BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be formed and released. The aim of the study was the development of the method, selection of analytical methods and the determination of optimal conditions of formation compounds from the BTEX and PAHs group. Investigations were carried out in the specially designed set up for the thermal decomposition of organic substances in a temperature range: 500 – 1 300°C at the laboratory scale. The object for testing was alkyd resin applied as a binding material for moulding sands. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of compounds were performed by means of the gas chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

3

Stopień zaawansowania reakcji popiołu lotnego w alkalicznie aktywowanych spoiwach popiołowych

Deja J., Antosiak B.

Cement Wapno Beton

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2012

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R. 17/79, nr 2

67-76

PL

Procesy alkalicznej aktywacji surowców zawierających szkła glinokrzemianowe od kilkudziesięciu lat stanowią interesujący obszar poszukiwania alternatywy dla klasycznych cementów portlandzkich. Jedynym z obiecujących surowców dla tej technologii są popioły lotne. W pracy skoncentrowano się na zmodyfikowaniu metody pozwalającej możliwie precyzyjnie mierzyć stopień zaawansowania reakcji hydratacji popiołu lotnego w zaczynach aktywowanych krzemianem oraz wodorotlenkiem sodu i potasu. Wykazano, że wydłużenie czasu mieszania rozdrobnionych próbek zaczynów z wodą i kwasem solnym oraz dobranie odpowiednich sączków filtrujących pozwala na uzyskanie znacznie większej dokładności pomiaru stopnia przereagowania popiołu. Stwierdzono, że czynnikiem determinującym stopień przereagowania popiołów lotnych aktywowanych krzemianem sodu jest zawartość w nich CaO i Al2O3.

EN

For several decades, processes of the alkali aclivation of raw materials containing aluminosilicate glass have been seen an interesting area for an altemative to the Portland cements. Fly ash represents one of the promising raw materials for this technology. This paper focuses on modifying a method to measure, as precisely as possible, the degree of the fly ash hydration reaction progresses in mixtures activated with sodium silicate and hydroxide, as well as KOH. It was proven that extending the time during which pulverized samples are mixed with water and hydrochloric acid and also selecting the right paper filter allows a much higher analysis precision can be achieved. If was found that the decisive factor governing the degree of hydration of fly ash activated by sodium silicate and hydroxide the last also of potassium is the CaO and AI2O3 content of this fly ash.

4

Analysis of the compounds from the BTEX group, emitted during thermal decomposition of alkyd resin

Kubecki M., Holtzer M., Bobrowski A., Dańko R., Grabowska B., Żymankowska-Kumon S.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 12, iss. 3

69-74

EN

Suitability of the given binding agent for the moulding sands preparation depends on the one hand on the estimation of technological properties of the sand and the mould made of it and the obtained casting quality and on the other hand on the assessment of this sand influence on the natural and working environment. Out of moulding sands used in the foundry industry, sands with organic binders deserve a special attention. These binders are based on synthetic resins, which ensure obtaining the proper technological properties and sound castings, however, they negatively influence the environment. If in the initial state these resins are not very dangerous for people and for the environment, thus under an influence of high temperatures they generate very harmful products, being the result of their thermal decomposition. Depending on the kind of the applied resin (phenol-formaldehyde, urea, furfuryl, urea-furfuryl, alkyd) under an influence of a temperature such compounds as: furfuryl alcohol, formaldehyde, phenol, BTEX group (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) can be formed and released. The aim of the study was the development of the method, selection of analytical methods and the determination of optimal conditions of formation compounds from the BTEX group. An emission of these components constitutes one of the basic criteria of the harmfulness assessment of binders applied for moulding and core sands. Investigations were carried out in the specially designed set up for the thermal decomposition of organic substances in a temperature range: 5000C - 13000C at the laboratory scale. The object for testing was alkyd resin applied as a binding material for moulding sands. Within investigations the minimal amount of adsorbent necessary for the adsorption of compounds released during the decomposition of the resin sample of a mass app. 15 mg was selected. Also the minimal amount of solvent needed for the desorption of compounds adsorbed in the column with adsorbent was found. The temperature range, in which the maximal amounts of benzene, toluene, ethylobenzene and xylenes are released from the resin, was defined. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of compounds from the BTEX group were performed by means of the gas chromatography combined with the mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

5

Study of interaction between humic acids and fullerene C60 using fluorescence quenching approach

Klavins M., Ansone L.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2010

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Vol. 17, nr 3

351-362

EN

The interaction between buckminsterfullerene C60 and humic acids (HA) of different origins was compared using fluorescence spectroscopy as a function of pH, humic acid concentration, ionic strength. Binding constants between fullerene and humic acids were calculated. It can be suggested that the complexation was driven by hydrophobic interactions depending on the properties of the interacting compounds. Hydrophobic interaction model as indicated by linear Stern-Volmer plots and high Kd values is characterizing the interaction between buckminsterfullerene C60 and humic acids The results of this study support the development of understanding of the fate of nanomaterials in the environment as well as the development of analytical methods for nanomaterials in waters and wastewater treatment approaches.

PL

Porównywano oddziaływania między buckminsterfulerenami C60 i kwasami huminowymi (HA) różnego pochodzenia w zależności od pH, stęzenia kwasów huminowych i siły jonowej. Do badań stosowano spektroskopię fluorescencyjną. Obliczono stałe trwałości związków kwasów huminowymi i fulerenów. Można przypuszczać, że kompleksowanie jest powodowane oddziaływaniami hydrofobowmi, zależnymi od właściwości związków. Model interakcji hydrofobowych wskazanych przez liniowe zależności Sterna-Volmera i duże wartości Kd charakteryzują interakcje między buckminsterfulerenami C60 i kwasami huminowymi. Wyniki opisanych badań są ważne dla poznania losu nanomateriałów w środowisku, a także dla rozwoju metod analizy zawartości nanomateriałów w wodach oraz metod oczyszczania ścieków.

6

Category Theoretic Semantics for Typed Binding Signatures with Recursion

Power J., Tanaka M.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2008

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Vol. 84, nr 2

221-240

EN

We generalise Fiore et al's account of variable binding for untyped cartesian contexts to give an account of binding for either variables or names that may be typed. We do this in an enriched setting, allowing the incorporation of recursion into the analysis. Extending earlier work by us, we axiomatise the notion of context by defining and using the notion of an enriched pseudo-monad S on V-Cat, with leading examples of V given by Set and wCpo, the latter yielding an account of recursion. Fiore et al implicitly used the pseudo-monad Tfp on Cat for small categories with finite products. Given a set A of types, our extension to typed binders and enrichment involves generalising from Fiore et al's use of [\mathbbF,Set] to [(SA)op,VA]. We define a substitution monoidal structure on [(SA)op,VA], allowing us to give a definition of binding signature at this level of generality, and extend initial algebra semantics to the typed, enriched axiomatic setting. This generalises and axiomatises previous work by Fiore et al and later authors in particular cases. In particular, it includes the Logic of Bunched Implications and variants, infinitary examples, and structures not previously considered such as those generated by finite limits.

7

Wiązanie siarki paliwowej przez popioły w czasie spalania węgli brunatnych

Rożen M., Rybak W., Paczyński M.

Gospodarka Paliwami i Energią

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2004

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nr 1

27-30

PL

Na podstawie węgli brunatnych pochodzących z różnych ośrodków wydobywczych i pozyskanych w różnym czasie dokonano analizy stopnia wiązania siarki paliwowej przez składniki popiołu. Przedstawiono udział poszczególnych związków popiołu w sumarycznym stopniu wiązania siarki z uwzględnieniem miejsca wydobycia węgla. Zaproponowano matematyczny opis pozwalający przewidywać stopień wiązania siarki paliwowej w zależności od składu popiołu powstającego ze spalenia węgla. Dokonano porównania stopnia wiązania siarki paliwowej przez popiół podczas spalania węgla w warunkach laboratoryjnych z wynikami uzyskanymi podczas eksploatacji kotła energetycznego

EN

Paper describes the work on analysis of degree of sulphur binding by ash components on the basis of lignite (brown coal) samples from various mines and various time of mining. It shows share of various ash components in total binding of sulphur according to place of mining. A mathematical formula is proposed for forecasting degree of sulphur binding according to ash composition from lignite combustion. Degree of sulphur binding by ash during lignite combustion in laboratory tests and results of sulphur binding during steam boiler operation is compared.

8

Nowy dodatek dla stabilizacji właściwości wytrzymałościowych formierskich mas bentonitowych

Dobosz S.M.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

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2003

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R. XXIV, nr 6

671-673

PL

Niniejszy artykuł ma za zadanie przedstawić - oparte o zjawiska powierzchniowe - wybrane aspekty wiązania syntetycznych mas bentonitowych, jak również zaprezentuje wyniki badań własnych zastosowania specjalnego dodatku, nowego materiału, który wpływa na stabilizację właściwości wytrzymałościowych.

EN

This article presents the chosen aspects, based on surface phenomenons, concerning the binding of synthetic bentonite moulding sands. It also presents the findings of author's own research, concerning the use of a new material new addition, which has a great influence on resistance properties' stabilization.

9

NMR studies of secondary structure in calcium binding hexadecapeptide

Ejchart A., Siedlecka M., Sticht H., Bierzyński A.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Chemistry

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1998

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Vol. 46, No. 1

1-8