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Antibacterial fabrics modified with betulin for medical and general applications

Sowiński Artur D., Tarachowicz Ludwik A., Kłeczek Anna, Brzezińska Natalia, Pyza Maciej, Gabor Jadwiga, Gierek Zuzanna, Zabrowarny Adam, Swinarew Andrzej S.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2023

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vol. 26, no. 169

23--26

EN

This study examines the potential use of betulin as an alternative to silver in enhancing vinyl-coated fabrics. Silver, commonly used to impart antimicrobial properties to polymers, raises environmental and cytotoxicity concerns. Betulin, known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antifungal characteristics, emerges as an eco-friendly alternative. The study highlights the possible applications of betulin in various sectors, such as medical, military, and public settings, where addressing the challenge of harmful biofilms is critical. The aim of this research was to assess the possible effectiveness of betulin as a modifier in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coated textiles. The study involved extracting betulin, preparing plasticizer-based betulin premix, incorporating it into plastisol, and then coating fabrics to analyze its effect on surface bioactivity. Preliminary tribological studies were conducted to assess the durability of the coating. According to the ISO 22196:2007 standard, significant antibacterial effects were observed, with an activity rating (R) ranging between 1.55 and 2.0. In addition, tribological studies indicated an improvement in coating durability compared to conventional PVC coatings. The results suggest that betulin shows potential as a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative, contributing to improved product functionality while minimizing environmental impact. Further research is planned to investigate the potential of betulin in polymer modification and to exploit its positive impact on human health and environmental sustainability.

2

Fabrication of filter membrane of organic compound to protect the upper respiratory tract from viral and bacterial infections, including SARS-CoV-2, compliant with FFP2 standard

Brzezińska Natalia, Pyza Maciej, Kłeczek Anna, Kulińska Karolina, Gabor Jadwiga, Garczyk-Mundała Żaneta, Świnarew Andrzej

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2022

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vol. 25, no. 166

2--11

EN

Bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens in the surrounding environment are biological threat to human health and life. The development of various diseases in the world, as well as the pandemic caused by the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, have increased the demand for the use of upper respiratory protection devices. Out of concern for the natural environment, the aim of this work was to develop an innovative solution i.e. the FFP3 filtering membrane made of an organic compound. First, preliminary tests of the FFP2 mask were carried out to assess the chemical composition, morphological structure - fibers geometry, thickness, density, and arrangement. The FTIR analysis study was conducted to confirm that the main chemical in the mask was polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Optical, confocal microscopy and computer microtomography studies showed the fibers structure. They were densely arranged and their thickness was less than 1 den. The fiber structure of the FFP2 mask was also compared before and after immersing in betulin, an organic compound obtained from birch bark via the Soxhlet extraction. In addition, the assessment of microbiological activity was made on the reference strain Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and the anti-inflammatory activity on normal human skin fibroblasts on polycarbonate with betulin. The studies showed that betulin supported the material antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Występowanie kwasów tłuszczowych i steroli w środowisku naturalnym

Łobos-Moysa E., Dudziak M.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2016

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Vol. 10, No. 1

209--217

PL

Postęp w rozwoju technik analitycznych umożliwia obecnie oznaczanie bardzo dużej liczby zanieczyszczeń organicznych występujących w środowisku naturalnym. Część tych zanieczyszczeń jest pochodzenia naturalnego. Aktualnie badania ukierunkowane są głównie na zanieczyszczenia specyficzne, których obecność jest wynikiem antropogenicznego oddziaływania na środowisko naturalne. W celu oceny występowania specyficznych zanieczyszczeń i mikrozanieczyszczeń w środowisku naturalnym, tj. wybranych kwasów tłuszczowych nienasyconych - oleinowego i linolowego oraz kwasu nasyconego - palmitynowego, a także steroli stigmasterolu i β-sitosterolu oraz betuliny, opracowano techniki ich wydzielania i ich chromatograficznej analizy. Analizę jakościowo-ilościową zarówno kwasów tłuszczowych, jak i steroli wykonywano przy użyciu chromatografu GC / ion trap / MS (model Saturn 2100 T firmy Varian) wyposażonego w kolumnę chromatograficzną VF-5ms (Varian). Do wydzielania związków zastosowano różne techniki ekstrakcji. W przedstawionych w pracy badaniach prowadzono monitoring występowania zanieczyszczeń w wodach powierzchniowych Górnego Śląska (Wójtowianka (Doa), Potok Rokitnicki, rzeka Bytomka, rzeka Kłodnica i Kanał Gliwicki) w okresie od stycznia do czerwca 2015 roku.

EN

Nowadays, advances in the analytical techniques allow the determination of hundreds of organic pollutants present in the environment. Some of organic pollutants are of natural origin. Although the current study are mainly aimed at specific pollution, the presence of which is the result of anthropogenic impacts on the environment. In order to assess the appearance of specific pollutants and micropollutants in the environment ie the selected unsaturated fatty acids: oleic, linoleic, saturated acid: palmitic and sterols: stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and betulin, the techniques for their isolation and analysis have been developed. Quality and quantity analysis of fatty acids and sterols was carried out using GC/ion trap/MS chromatographic system (model Saturn 2100 T, Varian) equipped with a chromatography column VF-5ms (Varian). Various extraction techniques have been used for isolation of the pollutants. In this study the monitoring of level of contamination in surface water of Upper Silesia (Wójtowianka (Doa) Stream, Rokitnica Stream, Bytomka River, Klodnica River and Gliwice Channel) was conducted in the period from January to June in the 2015.

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Wpływ fosfatydylobetulin na bakterie Staphylococcus aureus

Malicki A., Tubek-Barycza B., Janik P., Szpak M., Źródłowska-Danek J., Grabowski T., Szyplik K., Wawrzeńczyk C.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2013

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T. 92, nr 8

1532-1537

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Synteza i aktywność cytotoksyczna estrów betuliny i kwasu betulinowego z kwasami terpenowymi

Barycza B., Pawlak A., Poradowski D., Obmińska-Mrukowicz B., Wawrzeńczyk C.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2013

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T. 92, nr 5

806-812

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Chromatographic identification of two biologically important triterpenoids from the chloroform extract of Rhizophora mucronata

Hridya V. K, Godson P. S, Chandrasekar N.

Acta Chromatographica

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2012

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Vol. 24, no. 1

123--129

EN

Mangroves are the source of several bioactive secondary metabolites and have proven activity against human, animal and plant pathogens. Rhizophora mucronata is a mangrove species belonging to the family Rhizophoraceae. Betulin and lupeol are two naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoids having excellent biological properties. Chloroform extract of R. mucronata, collected from Pitchavaram, Muthupett and Manakudy regions of Tamilnadu, was chromatographed on silica gel 60F254 plates with nhexane and ethyl acetate (80:20) (v/v) as the mobile phase. Derivatizations were done using anisaldehyde and sulfuric acid reagents. The triterpenoids such as betulin and lupeol were identified through HPTLC method. This is the first report for the thin layer chromatographic (TLC) identification of triterpenoids such as betulin and lupeol from R. mucronata, which will be the most valuable information to identify the antimalarial and antiviral activities.

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REgioselective Glycosylation of Unprotected Mannosides a Convenient Access to High-Mannose Type Saponins

Pakulski Z.

Polish Journal of Chemistry

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2005

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Vol. 79 / nr 2

361-367

EN

3-O-Acetyl- and 28-O-acetyl-betulin were mannosylated with tetra-O-benzoyl-alfa-Dmannopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate. Debenzoylation of the monosaccharide obtained followed by treatment with 2 equiv of tetra-O-benzoyl-alfa-D-mannopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate selectively gave O-3,O-6-linked trimannosides.

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Betulina triterpen pentacykliczny

Achrem-Achremowicz J., Janeczko Z.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2003

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[Z] 57, 3-4

223--246

EN

Triterpenes are the group of natural compounds widespread in the plant kingdom. They exhibit a range of biological activities. One of the most explored structures alike is betulin. This is a lupane type triterpene which is the main constituent of the extract of the white birch bark. Betulin moiety is composed of four six- and one five membered rings with one isopropenyl and two hydroxyl groups (1). Betulin and its derivatives show: antitumor , antiviral (HIV-1), antiinflammatory and antiprotosoal properties. The most promising, however, is antitumor activity. Betulinic acid - a product of the selective oxidation of betulin displays proapoptotic activity against several highly resistant tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Apoptosis i.e. cell-suicide is induced only in "mutant" cells and not in normal ones. EC50 (effective concentration causing death of 50% of the ill cells) of betulinic acid and its derivatives lie in the pM range. Isolation, biogenesis and preparation of several modified betulin derivatives are reviewed in this article. Among the described reactions are: several routes of selective oxidation of betulin, dehydration, isomerisation, dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, glycosidation, esterification, preparation of amides (with the use of aminoacides) and synthesis of aminoderivatives. Some of these reactions give unexpected products. The biological potency of these compounds may be due to their steroid-like structures (all-trans conformation and some more similarities). The exact mechanisms of the activities, however, remain unknown. The ease of obtaining highly pure betulin and the potent biological activity of its derivatives can be the reason for singling out the compound as a lead, model triterpene for further chemical and biological investigations.