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Benthic diatoms as valuable indicators of anthropogenic eutrophication in biomonitoring of ribbon lake

Messyasz Beata, Treska Ewa

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2019

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Vol. 26, nr 4

709--726

EN

In Europe the monitoring of lakes with regard to benthic diatoms is still conducted in line with the European Water Framework Directive. Ribbon lakes are a special case as extremely steep slopes of the lake basin cause their littoral zone to be narrow. The Durowskie ribbon lake was chosen as a model for the assessment of the ecological status of waters based on its Diatom Index. Given its use in recreation, it is under heavy anthropogenic pressure. Physicochemical and biological parameters were monitored in the peak of the vegetational season (July, August) between 2010 and 2018 at 12 varied littoral sites across the full length of the shoreline. This long-term analysis of the Diatom Index, despite showing an improvement in the quality of water, demonstrated the ecological state of Lake Durowskie to be weak (southern, deep part) to moderate (north, shallow part). The taxonomic structure of diatoms (referral and indicator taxa) in phytobenthos communities allowed to show the changes in physicochemical parameters of the environment such as pH, oxygen dissolved in water and its trophic status. Research results are shown in relation to the anthropogenic changes to the lake’s direct catchment area and the results of the physicochemical monitoring of waters.

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Simplified sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates from small streams

Stastna G., Stransky D., Kabelkova I., Babko R.

Proceedings of ECOpole

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2016

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Vol. 10, No. 2

517--522

EN

European Union legislation requires achievement of good ecological status of European streams and rivers. Because of that, the ecological status of all streams has to be assessed and evaluated. If there is a status identified less than good the remedial measures must be applied. For effective remediation it is necessary to find the cause of worse than good status classification. In urbanized areas is a number of urban drainage outlets with consequences in a necessity of very detailed biomonitoring. Due to time and money demands of such detailed monitoring, it is not possible to make standardized macroinvertebrates field sampling and processing to evaluate the ecological status. Therefore, admissible simplification of field sampling of macroinvertebrates compared to the standard AQEM method was searched for. Both the effect of the subjectivity of multihabitat sampling and the effect of the reduction of the number of sampling points and their uncertainties were studied with help of field experimental work and probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations. It was proved, that a substantial reduction of the number of sampling units (from 20 sampling units requested by European protocol AQEM) is possible only for ASPT and saprobity index (7 sampling units is sufficient) and diversity (9 sampling units is sufficient). A certain reduction (to 14 sampling units) is also possible for the number of individuals, % EPT and IBI index but no reduction can be applied in case of number of taxa and BMWP, where already the replicate 20 unit samples were biased by an unacceptable uncertainty.

PL

Normy legislacyjne Unii Europejskiej (Ramowa Dyrektywa Wodna 2000/60/WE) wymagają osiągnięcia dobrego statusu ekologicznego rzek i strumieni na obszarze państw członkowskich. Z tego też powodu status ekologiczny rzek i strumieni krajów Unii powinien być określony i oceniony. W przypadku gdy status ten zostanie oceniony jako mniej niż dobry, powinny zostać podjęte odpowiednie środki zaradcze. Dla wdrożenia efektywnych działań polepszających stan ekologiczny strumieni należy najpierw zidentyfikować powody, dla których jest on niezadowalający. Na terenie obszarów zurbanizowanych zlokalizowanych jest zwykle wiele wylotów z systemów odprowadzających wody opadowe, które powinny być poddane odpowiednim procedurom biomonitoringu. Ze względu na znaczne nakłady finansowe i czasochłonność nie jest możliwe prowadzenie standardowych procedur pobierania i analizy próbek makrofauny bezkręgowej dla każdego z tak licznych punktów wraz z wymaganą oceną statusu ekologicznego. Stąd też poszukiwane są sposoby dopuszczalnego uproszczenia metod pobierania próbek makrobezkręgowców w odniesieniu do standardowych metod AQEM. W ramach przeprowadzonych badań, za pomocą terenowych prac eksperymentalnych oraz symulacji z wykorzystaniem metody Monte Carlo, analizowano efekty subiektywnego próbkowania siedlisk wielogatunkowych oraz zmniejszenia liczby punktów pobierania próbek powiązane z niepewnością próbkowania. Dowiedziono, że znaczne zmniejszenie liczby próbek (z 20 wymaganych w protokole AQEM) jest możliwe tylko dla indeksu ASPT i indeksu saprobowości (wynosi 7 próbek) oraz indeksu różnorodności (wystarczająca liczba 9 próbek). Zauważalne zmniejszenie liczby (do poziomu 14 próbek) jest możliwe również dla ilości osobników oraz % EPT i indeksu IBI. Jednakże niemożliwe jest zmniejszenie liczby próbek w celu prawidłowego określenia liczby taksonów oraz wartości BMWP, gdzie już w przypadku liczby powtórzeń na poziomie 20 próbek wynik obarczony jest wysokim poziomem niepewności.

3

Effect of flow manipulations on benthic fauna communities in a lowland river: interhabitat comparison

Dukowska Małgorzata, Szczerkowska Eliza, Grzybkowska Maria, Tszydel Mariusz, Penczak Tadeusz

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2007

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Vol. 55, nr 1

101-112

EN

In order to estimate the impact of flow manipulations on abiotic and biotic variables two sites of the fourth-order section of a lowland river (Drzewiczka River, in central Poland) with five dominant habitats each were selected downstream of a dam reservoir: the former just downstream of a canoeing track (CT), marked as disturbed (D), and the latter, control one (C), 10 km farther downstream. At the disturbed site water from the reservoir was released in afternoons to operate the CT (3-5 times higher volume than the natural median, i.e. from 4.3 (most frequently) to over 12.0 m[^-3] s[^-1] (exceptionally), which lasted for 2-3 hours per day while no flow fluctuations were observed in the control. The habitats were sampled over an annual cycle. Variables that have a great impact on macrozobenthos, like current velocity, water depth, substrate composition, presence of macrophytes and standing stock of food resources (BPOM - benthic particulate organic matter, TPOM - transported particulate organic matter, periphyton) were measured. As showed by our results (MANOVA) permanent moderate disturbance caused macrobenthos to be 2-4 times more abundant and diverse at the disturbed site (D), than at nearby natural river site (C), especially at the high-flow area. A lower abundance was recorded at the stagnant and pool habitats of both sites. Chironomidae dominated at all habitats, and Oligochaeta (gathering collectors) at the stagnant and macrophyte habitats; Trichoptera (mainly filtering collectors), Ephemeroptera and Simuliidae (filtering collectors) were the next most abundant among insects, depending on the habitat type. Although Chironomidae dominated at both river sites, they were represented by taxa belonging to various functional feeding groups; at site D chironomids - mainly periphyton scrapers (Orthocladiinae), while at site C - deposit feeders (Chironomini), connected with either silt sediment or sand.

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Biological water quality assessment of the Ścinawa Niemodlińska river based on the biotic index method

Czerniawska-Kusza I.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2003

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Vol. 29, no. 1

39--46

EN

Considering the fact that water quality monitoring programs in Poland are mostly based on physicochemical variables and saprobic systems, it is important to evaluate also the possibility of applying biotic index methods for water quality assessment. The investigation was carried out at the Ścinawa Niemodlińska river (Opole Voivodeship). Benthic macroinvertebrates from seven sampling sites were sampled twice in 1999. Belgian Biotic Index values were calculated on the basis of the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses of the macroinvertebrate community, as the example of the biotic index application. BBI values indicated a low, but different in particular sites, pollution level of the studied ecosystem.

PL

Biorąc pod uwagę fakt, iż programy monitoringu jakości wód w Polsce oparte są w większości na parametrach fizyczno-chemicznych i systemie saprobów, istotnym jest oszacowanie możliwości zastosowania metody indeksu biotycznego w ocenie jakości wód. Badania prowadzono na rzece Ścinawa Niemodlińska (woj. opolskie). Próbki makrobezkręgowców bentosu pobierano z siedmiu stanowisk dwukrotnie w roku 1999: Na podstawie wyników analizy jakościowej i ilościowej zespołu makrobezkręgowców obliczano Belgijski Indeks Biotyczny, jako przykład zastosowania indeksu biotycznego. Wartości BBI wskazywały na niski, lecz zróżnicowany pomiędzy poszczególnymi stanowiskami, poziom zanieczyszczenia badanego akwenu.