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1
Content available remote The bending properties of laminated wood combined with plastic
EN
The bending properties of laminated wood combined with plastic. In the article we present the bending properties of laminated wood produced by the combination of beech veneer and plastic. The combination of wood and plastic enables us to create materials with different properties compared to solid wood. A small decrease in bending strength was demonstrated greater bendability laminated timber.
2
Content available remote A 60° photonic crystal waveguide bend with improved transmission characteristics
EN
In this paper, a 60° waveguide bend is designed in a two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal (PC) slab to provide high transmission over a large bandwidth. We apply geometrical modification in the bend region to improve the transmission characteristics. This modification results in increasing the relative bandwidth from 6.5% to 25.7% of photonic band gap width. Using the effective refractive index, the structures designed are simulated by the 2D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. As a specific application, we use the improved bend structure in a PC waveguide directional coupler and show that the drop output increases significantly.
EN
The turbulent flow in a square-sectioned duct with an installed bend was investigated numerically. The calculations were based on two different turbulence models, namely the standard k-epsilon model and the k-omega SST model. The numerical computations were carried out using the commercial software package FLUENT 6.1. Numerical results for velocity, turbulent intensity and pressure distributions are presented. The obtained results of numerical calculations are compared with corresponding results of experimental studies available in references. The comparative analysis of the obtained numerical results and experimental ones, proved a high degree of their consistency.
PL
Przeprowadzono badania doświadczalne charakterystyk przepływowych K = f(R/D, Re) kolana ostrokrawędziowego i czterech łuków o promieniach R/D = 0,75, 1, 2 i 3. Wszystkie badane elementy miały przekrój kwadratowy. Badania wykonano dla liczb Reynoldsa od 2,5 x 10(3) do 3,7 x 10(4) występujących w układach wentylacyjno-klimatyzacyjnych pojazdów. Wyniki aproksymowano jednym równaniem.
EN
Experimental examinations of the flow characteristics K = f(R/D), Re), concerning a sharp-edged elbow and four bends with radii R/D = 0,75, 1, 2 and 3, were carried out. All elements had square cross sections. The examinations were performed for Reynolds Numbers ranging from 2,5x10(3) to 3,7xl0(4) (typical for automotive ventilation and air-conditioning systems). The results were approximated by only one equation.
PL
Niezależnie od istniejących profesjonalnych systemów inżynierskich wspomagających proces projektowania istnieje zapotrzebowanie na oprogramowanie o charakterze edukacyjnym w zakresie obliczeń statycznych prętów i belek. Niniejsza praca, przynajmniej częściowo, próbuje tę lukę wypełnić. Przedstawiony program wyznacza reakcje w podporach, siły normalne, styczne i momenty gnące wraz z ich wykresami.
EN
Beside the existing professional engineering computer systems for help the projection process exists the demand on software at educational character in range the static calculations of rods and beams. Present work, at least partly, it tries this gap to fill. Introduced programme calculates reaction in supports, normal and contiguous forces, and bend moments together with their graphs.
6
Content available remote Light behaviour in polymer optical fibre bend – a new analysis method
EN
The paper presents light behaviour in polymer optical fibre bend, especially power transmission and near field power pattern in the fibre core. The characteristic parameters of polymer optical fibre (POF) are large core diameter and large numerical aperture. This fibre can be bent in small radius of curvature that is comparable with a fibre core radius. This way, the geometrical properties of polymer optical fibre bending geometry should not be omitted in power transmission calculations as is known for single-mode fibres. The analysis presented in this work has been done by nonlinear ray tracing technique. The novelty of this method implementation is the use of Bezier’s curve for exact description of the bend and skew rays propagation analysis. The results obtained indicate that when the convergence conditions of method are met, theoretical results are in accordance with the experiment data.
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