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Laboratory tests of solid and hollow concrete beams made with glass waste

Alharishawi Salam Salman Chiad, Rajaa Nagham, Jabur Aqeel Raheem

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 69, nr 4

5--20

EN

The application of used glazed waste in concrete production can improve the performance of the structure of the building. Flexural and shear behavior and action of reinforced Hollow Glass Concrete Beams (HGCB) and Solid Glass Concrete Beams (SGCB) made with glass waste under a two-point load are studied in this paper. In this work, 6 reinforced concrete solid and hollow beams were tested under a four-point bending test to evaluate and calculate the flexural behavior of SGCB and HGCB. For that purpose, Beams were prepared with 1000 mm length, 230 mm height, and 120 mm. All beams were divided into groups and named according to the space stirrups steel bar. The experimental work investigates five main variables which are: first: the comparison between SGCB and HGCB with the concrete beams made with glass waste (Glass Concrete Beam GCB), second: comparison between Solid Concrete Beams for Normal Concrete Beams (NCB), and GCB, three: comparison between Hollow Concrete Beams for NCB and GCB, four: the comparison between HGCB and HCB, last: the comparison between SGCB and SCB. The test results indicated that GCB was offered higher strength than NCB, but the load-slip behavior of all specimens is similar for both types of concretes, and the bond strength is not influenced by steel specimens. Furthermore, the results of this study indicated that the contribution of GCB to the load is indicated to be considerable. The results indicate that the hollow opening affected the ultimate load capacity and deflection of HGCB.

2

Shear stresses of hollow lightweight concrete beams made with wood waste

Alharishawi Salam Salman Chiad, Rajaa Nagham, Shihab Lina Abdulsalam

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 67, nr 1

657--672

EN

Hollow Lightweight Concrete (HLC) beams are gaining popularity due to low cost and low weight as compared with the Solid Lightweight Concrete (SLC) beams. HLC and SLC beams decrease in weight, without losing strength and durability. Flexural and shear behavior of reinforced HLC and SLC beams made with sawdust under two-point load is investigated in this study. The ultimate deformation efficiency and shear resistant mechanism of HLC beams are discussed experimentally and compared with other SLC beams. The beams, tested in this research, are rectangular. Beams were designed and constructed as 12 * 23 * 100 cm. Six concrete beam models were prepared including three SLC beams without the hollow and the other three HLC beams poured hollow 50 * 7.5 cm throughout the all beam of 100 cm. All beams were split according to the distance between vertical stirrups, these stirrups were divided into three specimens 45, 13, and 6 cm. By analyzing six experimental test beams, in this research, investigated the effect of diverse factors on the shear of beams. On comparison with normal concrete beams, this work describes the failure of mechanism, process, and ductility. The first crack loads, ultimate loads, load-deflection behavior, crack patterns and shapes of failure were investigated in this study. The experimental results show the ultimate performance of HLC beams are pure shear and controlled by yielding tension and compression steel bars. Also, it is found that the measured size and configuration of the hollow opening had an effect on the load-carry capacity and mid-span deflection of HLC beams. Thus, the design and construction details of beams can be additionally customized to reduce the total cost and weight of the HLC beams.

3

Projektowanie drewnianych belek dwutrapezowych z otworami w strefie kalenicy

Sabouni-Zawadzka Anna, Brodniewicz Piotr, Gilewski Wojciech, Pełczyński Jan

Inżynieria i Budownictwo

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2020

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R. 76, nr 6

293--295

PL

Omówiono problematykę projektowania drewnianych belek dwutrapezowych z otworami w strefie kalenicy. Przedstawiono zagadnienia normowe oraz obliczenia numeryczne za pomocą metody elementów skończonych, z uwzględnieniem zbrojenia wzmacniającego. Zamieszczono rekomendacje dotyczące położenia otworów i stosowanego zbrojenia.

EN

The paper is dedicated to design of timber double tapered beams with openings in the apex area. Standard design regulation as well as computational analysis by the finite element method with the influence of reinforcement are presented. The work is supplemented with recommendations regarding the location of openings and the reinforcement used.

4

Wymiarowanie strefy przypodporowej belek żelbetowych z otworami

Wesołowski M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Budownictwo / Politechnika Łódzka

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2009

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Z. 60

115-121

PL

W pracy przedstawiono podstawowe cechy modelu kratownicowego do wymiarowania zbrojenia poprzecznego w ujęciu normy polskiej PN-B-03264:2002 oraz europejskiej PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008. Na tym tle dokonano analizy wpływu otworów w strefie przypodporowej na zachowanie się belek żelbetowych. Podano przykładowe obliczenia na ścinanie belek z otworami okrągłymi, które wykazały, że możliwe są przypadki w których o nośności ścinania będą decydowały betonowe krzyżulce ściskane.

EN

The paper presents basic properties of the truss model for dimensioning of the transverse reinforcement according to the Polish and European standards (PN-B-03264:2002 and PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008). Based on the above the impact of the openings in the shear zone on the behaviour of the reinforced concrete beams was analyzed. The paper includes sample calculations for the shear beams with round openings. It is proven that in some cases the strength for shear may be determined by the concrete compressed struts.