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EN
Thailand had a decline in traffic fatalities even though the estimate is only approximate. This study aims to examine the factors related to the motorcycling riding performance of 69 motorcyclists aged 60 and older in Khi Lek Subdistrict, Muang District, Ubon Ratchathani Province. Data were collected from interviews on driving behavior with the participants and their driving performance from the tests modeled on the Thai driving license test. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the elderly exhibited good motorcycle driving behavior (91.30 %); however, their riding ability was at the level of “need to be improved” (85.51%). They showed poor performance on the reflex test (72.46%) and the depth perception test (69.57%). The tests the participants passed were the color blindness test (100%) and the peripheral vision test (61.82%). This study also found that the average daily motorcycle driving distance (p-value = 0.045) and motorcycle driving experience (p-value = 0.036) of the older motorcycle riders were determined to be statistically significant factors. The findings are useful for responsible organizations to decide on road safety policies to lower the risks of accidents involving elderly motorcycle riders in Thailand. They could consider revoking lifetime driver’s licenses, providing training to promote safe driving techniques, and taking into account how the elderly’s riding performance is correlated to their average daily driving distance and driving experience.
EN
Purpose: Competing for a limited number of socially conscious consumers and the appearance of new generations on the market forces a continuous addition of knowledge concerning pro-environmental and pro-social consumer attitudes and behaviour. Therefore, the present study attempts to: - identify the type of actions taken within the framework of sustainable development by selected clothing brands, - assess the pro-environmental and pro-social attitudes of young consumers purchasing clothing, - determine whether environmental and social aspects are a criterion for clothing choice among young consumers. Design/methodology/approach: Two approaches were used in the research. In the first stage of the research, messages posted on the websites of selected clothing brands were analysed. In the second, a quantitative study was conducted among young consumers (n = 218) by indirect online survey measurement, using a survey questionnaire embedded in a Google form. Findings: Young consumers present positive pro-environmental and pro-social attitudes. According to the respondents, the social commitment of companies influences the positive image and popularity of their products. However, almost half of all consumers presented an ambivalent or negative attitude towards paying more for the purchase of goods whose producers are involved in philanthropic and pro-environmental activities. This suggests that, in the view of this segment of respondents, it is the traders who should take financial responsibility for their actions by not raising the prices of the products they sell. Concern for others by purchasing socially committed brands and the environmental friendliness of the product were shown to rank lower in the hierarchy of clothing choice factors. Research limitations: The research was conducted on a narrow subject basis, so the results obtained cannot be generalised to the young consumer segment. The scope of the presented research is also limited. The results of the research should be regarded as a pilot study. Practical implications: The findings are of relevance to managers in charge of sustainability campaigns for clothing brands. They point to the need for further education aimed at shaping altruistic and pro-environmental attitudes. Originality/value: This study highlights that sustainability encompasses a range of activities with different ways of communicating values to consumers.
EN
Dangerous and risky actions while traveling on traffic routes that threaten the health, spirit and life of vehicle drivers and others. However, to raise community awareness, make them care about traffic safety behavior takes time and influence attitudes to create behavior change in a sustainable way. Research based on Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior [1, 2] and the theory of social marketing was conducted to identify the factors influencing the road traffic attitudes and behaviors of people in Hanoi and the degrees of their influence. The results show that road traffic attitudes are affected, in descending order, by partnership, resources, distribution, promotion, price, product, and public. The road traffic behavior of people is determined, in descending order, by age, moderator variables (the law and the validity of the law and weather), attitude, and education level. Based on the results, several recommendations to government officials and policymakers have been made.
EN
The increased use of reactive powder concrete (RPC) in concrete structures has attracted attention towards the structural behavior of RPC in fires. This work examines experimentally the performance of RPC and NSC columns subjected to 25% of the ultimate load and exposed to direct fire flame for a period of 30 and 60 min at various temperature levels. The paper aims to evaluate the maximum temperature level and fire duration that can be withstood by this type of concrete columns. The results show that the failure mode of RPC columns without reinforcement is a sudden shear failure, whereas the failure mode of reinforced RPC columns is a crushing failure with rupture of certain ties. The RPC columns at high temperatures spall intensively; additionally, the ultimate strength clearly decreases compared to the NSC columns at the same conditions.
5
Content available remote The torsional and shear behavior of steel fiber reinforced RC members
EN
Beams and columns are one of the important structural elements of buildings to take up transverse loads such as axial load, bending moment, shear, and torsion. Present work is an experimental investigation on the shear, torsion, and axial load behavior of the structural members like columns and/or beams. The reinforced concrete members with 0, 30, and 60 kg/m3 of steel fibers were tested for torsion, shear and axial loading for this study. The twist angle, the load-deflection behavior, the ultimate shear strength, the torsional moment, and the critical moments were obtained for the loading type and steel fiber ratios. The results show that the increasing steel fiber ratio, increased the torsional moment capacity and decreased the shear strength capacity. On the other hand, increasing the steel fiber content increased the both axial load and moment capacity of RC columns. The shear strength and the torsional moment capacities are defined by the provision of current codes of practice such as ACI318-19, Eurocode-2, British, Australian and Turkish Standards.
6
Content available remote Reviewing place meaning via users' emotional-perceptual experience
EN
By recognizing different meanings of place as well as influential parameters on the perception of place, it is possible to create a pleasant environment. This study aims to measure the factors contributing to the conception of place meaning and emotional experience of place. Also, it seeks to understand the mechanism of perceiving the different meanings and qualities of place from users’ point of view. The qualitative and quantitative methods were applied. In this regard, the emotional evaluation model of Pleasure-Arousal, interview, and questionnaire have been used. The study has been conducted on 3 buildings of Selcuk University in Turkey. The statistical population in the different groups consisted of architecture students. Results show that along with the emotional assessment of place, the factors such as morphological, sensory, and individual ones affect the user’s assessment, and there is a meaningful relationship between the emotional evaluation of place and factors forming the meaning of place. Furthermore, place quality and its aesthetic components play important role in individuals’ preferences and judgments and led to psychological pleasure and positive emotional assessment.
7
Content available remote Creating Innovation in Hospitality Industry: The Role of Brand Supporting Behavior
EN
Sustainable development cannot be separated from business ethics and innovation. This study proposes to test the antecedent variable for brand supporting behavior, and explore the mediating mechanism of this factor for the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee work innovation. With 173 questionnaires collected, the hierarchical regression model is used to test the hypotheses. Discoveries have shown that CSR practices are fundamental to brand support behavior, and the important mediating role of brand supporting behavior in the influence of CSR on employee work innovation. Research results have shown the need to implement CSR in the hospitality industry, including issues of environmental protection and community support; on ensuring the interests of customers, as well as employees in the organization. Therefore, it is essential to create a community-oriented organizational climate that promotes employees' efforts in delivering on the brand promise. This is the basis for spreading the image and attractiveness of the organization's brand, and stimulating employee work innovation. Therefore, the research results are a reliable basis in making the right decisions of hotel managers, in order to create advantages as well as improve competitiveness, contributing to the recovery of the economy after the Covid-19 pandemic. The research results are also the theoretical basis for developing research models on innovation in the hospitality industry.
EN
This paper aims to study the behavior of using social networks by students and lecturers for learning and training purposes based on a literature review on this topic in different regions of the world in the past 10 years. The results of the review show that there is a difference in the technological behavior between lecturers and their students; which may reduce the effectiveness of educational activities. Based on the research finding, the author proposes some solutions to encourage teachers to use social networks for their work.
EN
The tribological properties of the nitride layer applied to the low-alloyed steel were investigated in this research. Experimental work included determination if the chemical composition, wear resistance, Rockwell, Vickers and nano-indentation tests, both of the substrate material – the low-alloyed steel and the deposited nitride layer. From the results obtained in those experiments authors concluded that applying the nitride layer does not significantly improve the tribological properties of the tested lowalloyed steel samples, thus this process is not recommended for achieving that purpose.
EN
Regional economic resilience, which is a necessary and indispensable component for ensuring both regional and overall sustainability, is understood principally in relation to the system’s structure and overall functioning ignoring human agency and its bounded rationality. This leads to missing important and potentially crucial elements fostering or hindering resilience, and consequently to designing resilience enhancing programs with low effectiveness. This paper argues that the focus of the resilience concept should shift from the system structure to the behavior of agents, since any outcome at the macro level is a product of the myriad of interacting behaviors. The structure of the system and all the context matters as the options for the behavior and which options are chosen depends on the internal factors of the decision maker. A framework, depicting the mechanism how the above mentioned factors interact and determine behavior thus consequently influencing resilience is proposed. An exemplary analysis of how to use the framework is also presented.
PL
Regionalna resilencja ekonomiczna rozważana jest przede wszystkim w odniesieniu do struktury systemu i ogólnego funkcjonowania, ignorując ludzkie działania i związaną z nimi racjonalność. Jest niezbędnym elementem zapewniającym regionalną i ogólną zrównoważoność, w szczególności w jej wymiarze ekonomicznym. Jednak wąskie podejście do niej w konsekwencji prowadzi do utraty ważnych, potencjalnie kluczowych elementów wspierających lub utrudniających resilencję, a zatem opracowywane tak programy mające zwiększać resilencję charakteryzuje niska skuteczność. W tym artykule sugeruje się, że celem koncepcji resilencji powinno być przesunięcie ze struktury systemu na behawior, ponieważ każdy wynik na poziomie makro jest wynikiem niezliczonych zachowań. Struktura systemu i cały kontekst ma znaczenie, ponieważ opcje zachowania i dokonany wybór zależą od wewnętrznych czynników decydenta. Zaproponowano ramy obrazujące mechanizm interakcji wyżej wymienionych czynników i determinujące zachowanie, a tym samym wpływające na resilencję. Przedstawiono także przykładową analizę korzystania z frameworka.
11
EN
The limits of the present linear economy model (take-make-waste) are well illustrated by the textile and clothing sector, one of the most indispensable consumer goods industries. Although a huge increase in the number of publications on the circular economy can be observed, the number of papers analyzing consumers’ attitudes and behavior toward circular fashion, especially the ones comparing consumers from different regions, is still limited. The article aimed to assess consumers’ attitudes toward circular fashion and draw a cross country comparison in this respect. The research focused on the three pillars of the latest EU Sustainable Product Policy Framework, i.e., designing sustainable products, empowering consumers, and circularity in production processes. An online survey and convenience sampling were used to collect valid responses from two countries (i.e., Canada and Poland) with different cultures, levels of economic development, and approaches to environmental and social issues. The results showed that significant differences between the countries emerged to a greater extent regarding consumers’ attitudes toward environmental labels for fashion products and sustainable buying behavior. The Polish respondents perceived the need for such labels to a greater extent. The Canadian ones, on the other hand, turned out to be more willing to choose sustainable clothing and reduce consumption. The differences between the countries were much less conspicuous as regards circular cues and circularity in fashion production processes. They appeared only in the case of clothing durability and the impact of production processes on air quality. Those aspects turned out to be more important for Polish respondents.
EN
In 2017 Executive Order 13800 was enacted for all federal entities to use the NIST Cybersecurity Framework to report on FISMA compliance. According to GAO-19-545 report sixteen agencies were identified as failing to successfully implement FISMA regulations rooted in information security policies (ISPs). This paper will introduce the link between information assurance awareness with the prescribed actions and its direct influence on information security policies. While organizations are conscious of the federal rules and regulations, most continue to fail to successfully implement and comply with the guidelines due to a sincere lack of information assurance and awareness, which ties directly into human behavior. A discussion on the intersection of information security awareness and behavior will be presented. The UTAUT theory measures and informs the researcher on factors that influence the end-user. Conclusively, recommendations will be offered on why organizations need to invest in a mechanism that measures these factors, which increases information awareness to change behavior, thus achieving better compliance with their organizational ISPs.
EN
The tendency for people in Jakarta to use public transportation is still relatively low. A study from Jabodetabek Transportation Management Agency shows that only 24 percent of road users chose public land transportation modes (Transjakarta bus and train) from a total of 47.5 million trips in Jabodetabek by 2015. Public transportation trips in Jabodetabek are all people's journeys or the journey to employee work destination located in buffer towns around Jakarta. Employees are among the elements of society that use public transportation. The economic conditions of factory employees that encourage them to work overtime cause differences in attitudes between factory employees and office employees toward using public transportation modes. This study aims to determine the factors that encourage factory employees to choose the mode of transportation to the workplace and analyze their attitude toward using public transportation mode. The results show that the number of factory employees who prefer public transportation mode is still little. However, their potential to move into public transportation is substantial due to the belief in the commitment of the Jakarta government to fixing the public transportation system. Most factory employees also agree that public transport can reduce congestion in Jakarta. There is a need to apply a strategy of the transit development (TOD) to reach public places and places of work.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje próbę określenia zależności pomiędzy poziomem inteligencji płynnej a typami zachowań i przeżyć związanych z pracą w grupie kierowców z uwzględnieniem ich wieku. Badaniami zostali objęci kierowcy samochodów ciężarowych, którzy uczestniczyli w badaniach okresowych w zakresie psychologii transportu. Badania obejmowały ocenę sprawności intelektualnej oraz czynników osobowościowych z uwzględnieniem poziomu zaangażowania zawodowego, radzenia sobie ze stresem i obciążeniami w pracy oraz emocjonalnego stosunku do pracy. Zastosowano Test Matryc Ravena w wersji Standard oraz Kwestionariusz Avem. Wykazano, że wyższy poziom inteligencji płynnej sprzyja podejmowaniu zachowań w pracy typu „oszczędnościowego”, natomiast niższy – wiąże się z tendencją do zachowań ryzyka typu A (nadmiernego przeciążenia pracą). Wiek nie różnicował badanych osób w kontekście radzenia sobie ze stresem i obciążeniami w pracy. Starsi kierowcy preferowali strategię opartą na rezygnacji w sytuacji porażki. Autorzy wnioskują, aby uwzględniać badanie inteligencji i wzorców zachowań związanych z pracą w diagnostyce przydatności do zawodu kierowcy.
EN
The article attempts to assess the relationship between the level of fluid intelligence and types of behaviors and experiences related to work in a group of drivers, due to their age. The research covered drivers of lorries who participated in periodic research in the field of transport psychology. The research included the assessment of intellectual performance and personality factors, taking into account the level of professional involvement, coping with stress and workload as well as emotional attitude to work using the Raven’s Standard Matrices Test and the Avem Questionnaire. It has been shown that a higher level of fluid intelligence is conducive to behavior in “savings” type of work, while a lower one is associated with a tendency to type A (excessive workload) behavior. It was observed that age did not affect the subjects in the context of coping with stress and workloads. Older drivers preferred resigning when failing. Authors concluded that to assess the level of fluid intelligence and types of behavior and experiences connected with drivers’ work in the suitability diagnostics for the driver’s profession.
EN
Transport strategy in European Union supports public transport against individual transport. The reason is using of public transport is possible to fulfil all the goals of the EU strategy in the field of road safety. The paper deals with the issue of supporting public passenger transport and it is integration with the aim of ensuring the sustainable mobility of population. The aim of this paper is to identify the importance of public passenger transport and define method for creating effective integrated transport systems. The paper points to the importance of public passenger transport and the reasons why the population prefers cars. Based on the analysis, it is arguable that public passenger transport without mutual integration is not capable enough to compete with individual motoring. Contribution proposes the process integration of public passenger transport as a key elements in increasing road safety. Contribution confirms the hypothesis that the integration of public passenger transport and achieving a higher use of public passenger transport of population can contribute to improving of road safety.
EN
The effect of nitrogen ion implantation on nano-scale hardness and elastic modulus of WC-Co indexable knives for wood materials machining. The paper presents the results of a study investigating the effects of nitrogen ion implantation into the surface layer of WC-Co blades, used for machining wood materials, on their hardness and modulus of elasticity at the nano-scale. The modified blades were analyzed in six variants of implantation process parameters, and compared with control blades (virgin, unmodified). Three energies of accelerating nitrogen ions were used in the implantation process (5, 50 and 500 keV) and two doses of implanted ions (1e17 and 5e17 cm-2). The nano-hardness and elastic modulus of all blades were measured using an Anton Paar TriTec (UNHT) hardness tester.
PL
Wpływ implantacji jonów azotu na twardość i moduł sprężystości w nano-skali noży wymiennych WC-Co do obróbki materiałów drzewnych. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki wpływu procesu implantacji jonów azotu do warstwy wierzchniej ostrzy WC-Co do obróbki materiałów drzewnych na ich twardość i moduł sprężystości w nano-skali. Analizowano ostrza modyfikowane w sześciu wariantach parametrów procesu implantacji, oraz w celach porównawczych, ostrza kontrolne (niemodyfikowane). Zastosowano trzy energie przyspieszenia jonów azotu w procesie implantacji (5, 50 i 500 keV) oraz dwie dawki implantowanych jonów (1e17 oraz 5e17 cm-2). Pomiaru twardości i modułu sprężystości w nano-skali wszystkich ostrzy dokonano przy użyciu twardościomierza Anton Paar TriTec (UNHT).
EN
Amplitude and frequency content are two important features of earthquakes that are different for near and far-fault earthquakes and in most of the standards, the effects of near-field earthquakes in loading are not considered. Therefore, study and comparison of these effects on structures is necessary. In this paper, structural operation against near and far fault earthquakes for two near sites and two far sites is investigated. For this purpose and in order to achieve an operation point of a structural model with six staircases with a mean lateral bending frame resistant system seismic hazard information is analyzed with regards to special plan spectrums of 2 different sites using near and far faults. An evaluation of the effects due to near and far fault earthquakes based on the Iran’s standard 2800 ranges on operation point and the comparison of operation effects of near and far fault spectrums with Iran’s standard are results of this research work. After the presentation of results obtained from time history analyses, some suggestions are proposed for design correction based on the regulations in near -field earthquakes.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań ankietowych dotyczących zachowań, reakcji oraz odczuć ratowników górniczych pod wpływem stresu. Każda akcja ratownicza jest analizowana indywidualnie ze względu na czynniki, które mają wpływ na jej przebieg. Z punktu psychologii ważnym elementem jest zachowanie ratownika, jego reakcje nie tylko przed, jak i w czasie akcji, ale również po przeprowadzonej akcji ratowniczej. Dzięki ankiecie można było zanalizować odczucia ratowników biorących udział w akcjach ratowniczych.
EN
The article presents the results of the survey on the behavior, response and feel under stress. Each rescue operation is analyzed individually due to the factors that influence its course. From the point of psychology, an important element is to maintain a lifeguard, his reactions not only before and during the action but also carried out the rescue operation. With the survey you could analyze feelings of rescuers involved in the rescue operations.
EN
This paper studies the solution space of systems of algebraic and difference equations, given as auto-regressive (AR) representations A(σ) β (k) = 0, where σ denotes the shift forward operator and A(σ) is a regular polynomial matrix. The solution space of such systems consists of forward and backward propagating solutions, over a finite time horizon. This solution space can be constructed from knowledge of the finite and infinite elementary divisor structure of A(σ) . This work deals with the inverse problem of constructing a family of polynomial matrices A(σ) such that the system A(σ) β (k) = 0 satisfies some given forward and backward behavior. Initially, the connection between the backward behavior of an AR representation and the forward behavior of its dual system is showcased. This result is used to construct a system satisfying a certain backward behavior. By combining this result with the method provided by Gohberg et al. (2009) for constructing a system with a forward behavior, an algorithm is proposed for computing a system satisfying the prescribed forward and backward behavior.
EN
Introduction: The occurrence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has significantly increased in the last few years. One of the common problems in this group are eating disorders and ailments from the gastrointestinal systems. According to some studies, these problems have a significant impact on the occurrence and severity of symptoms in the neurological system, so it is crucial to increase the attention paid on the role of diet in the treatment of this disease. One of the theories connects ASD with disorders of the digestive system and the intestinal bacterial flora. This theory is based on the gut-brain axis, which means the interaction between the gastrointestinal and nervous systems. Objectives: To demonstrate the differences in behavior habits, interest in nutrition, and frequency of consumption of food products between children suffering from ASD and healthy children. Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 44 children suffering from ASD and 33 healthy children as a control group. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was specially designed for this study. The questionnaire contained questions about eating habits and the frequency of consumption of selected food products. Results: Parents of healthy children showed more interest in their children’s way of feeding and nutritional recommendations compared to parents of children with ASD (4% and 11.3%, respectively). In addition, 24.3% more children with ASD consulted with a nutritionist compared to the control group. Complaints of the digestive system were 21.1% more likely by children with ASD. Children suffering from ASD were characterized by a higher intake of red meat and giblets and less frequent consumption of milk and milk products compared to the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group in terms of frequency of consumption of products, which are the source of gluten, artificial food additives-preservatives, and artificial colors. Conclusions: There are differences in the habits and eating behaviors and the frequency of consumption of selected food products between a group of children with ASD and a group of healthy children.
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