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1
Content available Process Performance of Thermophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Orange Peel
Szaja Aleksandra, Golianek Paweł, Kamiński Marek
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2022
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Vol. 23, nr 8
66--76
EN
In the present study, the process performance of anaerobic co-digestion of municipal sewage sludge and orange peel (OP) was evaluated. The experiment was conducted in batch mode under thermophilic conditions (55 °C). It involved adding 1.5 and 3.0 g of OP to reactors R2 and R3, respectively. In R1 (control reactor), the mono-digestion of sewage sludge was conducted. The obtained results indicated that the application of OP led to deterioration of process efficiency. Decreased methane and biogas productions were noticed at both doses of OP. The average values of methane production were 518.9, 416.8 and 458.6 mLCH4·g-1 VS in R1, R2 and R3, respectively. The declining tendency on the biogas and methane rates was also observed. The application of OP resulted in degradation of the stability parameters. The negative effect of OP application was related with the presence of inhibitors such as ammonia nitrogen, volatile fatty acids, limonene and phenol, importantly theirs increased contents were observed in R2 and R3. Moreover, the thermophilic conditions are not recommended for the anaerobic co-digestion of those substrates, because they might accelerate the inhibition phenomenon.
2
Content available Investigation of nickel adsorption onto low Jordanian zeolite dose: efficiency and Langmuir – Freundlich behaviour
Al-Ghazawi Ziad, Qasaimeh Ahmad, Al-Bataina Bilal
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2021
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no. 50
150--157
EN
In this work, nickel adsorption onto low Jordanian zeolite dose is being investigated. Natural zeolite doses were stirred continuously with nickel solutions in batch reactors at 180 RPM for 24 hours, where the temperature was set to 20°C. The pH was initially 4.5 and reached 5.2 at equilibrium. The removal efficiency of nickel reaches maximum value when the initial nickel concentration is around 1 ppm and then tends to decrease when the initial nickel concentration increases above 1 ppm. The optimal nickel removal reaches 65% when the initial nickel concentration is 1 ppm and the zeolite dose is 26 mg∙dm–3. This study investigates the behaviour of nickel removal and modelling isotherms below and above this critical peak point. At this level of zeolite dose, the adsorption does not follow either Freundlich or Langmuir isotherms, but rather, it follows Freundlich for the data plot just below the peak point with the highest coefficient of determination (R2) equals (0.98) when the zeolite dose is (26 mg∙dm–3), whereas it follows Langmuir for the data plot just above the peak point with the highest coefficient of determination (R2) equals (0.99) when the zeolite dose is (10 mg∙dm–3). These findings clarify the theory behind each isotherm and can be used to find new information for efficient treatment techniques.
3
Content available The Removal of Ibuprofen Drugs Residues from Municipal Wastewater by Moringa Oleifera Seeds
Al-Kindi Ghayda Y., Al-Haidri Husam A.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2021
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Vol. 22, nr 1
83--94
EN
Municipal wastewater may contain residues of different drugs causing severe chemical contamination of water bodies. However, the microbial degradation of Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) may not eliminate such drug residues completely. The current work was designed to remove the Ibuprofen drug residues by using the Moringa Oleifera seeds. Various testing methods such as Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were applied to assess the efficiency of such plant seeds in bioremoval of ibuprofen residues from municipal wastewater The batch reactor was used to find the optimum operating conditions using various parameters with different pH values, duration time, Ibuprofen concentration and various quantities of plant seeds. In the batch reactor, the operation conditions were: pH 7, duration time 150 min, Ibuprofen dose of 1000 mg/l, activated adsorbents and Moringa Oleifera seeds in the amount of 1000 mg/l. Moreover, the packed bed reactor was used to examine different parameters such as initial Ibuprofen concentration, flow rate and bed depth for 6 hours. It was found that the best conditions were 2 cm depth, and 25 l/hr flow rate. Meanwhile, the kinetic constants were studied by adsorption equilibrium with the isothermal Langmuir and Freundlich models. The best results were shown with the Freundlich isotherm, and the first pseudo order was more suitable for the removal of Ibuprofen by adsorbed activation of Moringa Oleifera seeds.
4
Content available Badania wytwarzania biogazu z kiszonki kukurydzy w reaktorze okresowym z hydromieszaniem
Palige J., Roubinek O., Ciężkowska M., Pyzik A., Dobrowolski A.
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
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2016
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Nr 1
32--33
PL
Przedstawiono badania fermentacji metanowej kiszonki kukurydzy z wykorzystaniem konsorcjów o różnym składzie mikroorganizmów: (1) konsorcjum mikroorganizmów wyizolowane z gnojowicy bydlęcej (GB), (2) konsorcjum mikroorganizmów wyizolowane z biogazowni rolniczej (BF). Badania prowadzono w reaktorze okresowym z hydromieszaniem. Dla identycznych warunków prowadzenia procesu uzyskano większą ilość biogazu dla konsorcjum mikroorganizmów.
EN
Research of anaerobic digestion of maize silage using consortia of different composition of microorganisms: (1) consortium of microorganisms: (1) consortium of organisms isolated from cattle manure GB) and (2) consortium of microorganisms isolated from biogas plant (BF) are presented in the paper. The study was carried out in a batch reactor with hydromixing. At the same process conditions, the higher quantity of biogas was obtained in anaerobic digestion with microorganism consortium BF.
5
Content available Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time and Filling Time on Simultaneous Biodegradation of Phenol, Resorcinol and Catechol in a Sequencing Batch Reactor
Thakur C., Mall I. D., Srivastava V. C.
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2013
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Vol. 39, no. 2
69--80
EN
In the present study, treatment of synthetic wastewater containing phenol, resorcinol and catechol was studied in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT) and filling time have been optimized to increase the phenol, resorcinol, catechol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. More than 99% phenol, 95% resorcinol and 96% catechol and 89% COD removal efficiency was obtained at optimum conditions of HRT = 1.25 d and fill time = 1.5 h. The heating value of the sludge was found to be 12 MJ/kg. The sludge can be combusted to recover its energy value.
6
Content available Modelowanie bioreaktora okresowego do enzymatycznej deacetylacji chitozanu
Jaworska M. M.
Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna
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2009
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Nr 3
53-54
7
Reaktory wielofunkcyjne: destylacja reaktywna w reaktorach o działaniu okresowym i półokresowym
Molga E., Milewska A., Sołtysiak M.
Inżynieria Chemiczna i Procesowa
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2004
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T. 25, z. 3/2
1333-1339
PL
Przedstawiono opracowane metody modelowania procesów destylacji reaktywnej prowadzonych w reaktorach o działaniu okresowym i półokresowym. Badania doświadczalne oraz modelowanie tych procesów prowadzono dla reakcji homogenicznej (reakcja estryfikacji) oraz heterogenicznej (reakcja nitrowania w układzie ciecz-ciecz i ciecz-ciecz-ciało stałe).
EN
The modeling methods have been elaborated for the reactive distillation carried out in batch and semibatch reactors. Experimental studies and modeling have been performed for homogeneous reaction (esterification reaction) and heterogeneous reaction (nitration reaction carried out in the liquid-liquid and the liquid-liquid-solid systems).
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