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Nieczynne kamieniołomy we wschodniej części synklinorium północnosudeckiego jako źródło informacji o jego rozwoju

Solecki Andrzej

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

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2022

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R. 63, nr 1

39--45

PL

W artykule przedstawiono trzy nieczynne kamieniołomy, w których można obserwować zapis procesów istotnych dla formowania się synklinorium północnosudeckiego. Struktura ta będąca efektem inwersyjnej, laramijskiej deformacji serii osadowo-wulkanicznej basenu postwaryscyjskiego jest stosunkowo uboga w odsłonięcia naturalne, ale dzięki intensywnej, trwającej od średniowiecza, eksploatacji kamieni budowlanych istnieje tu szereg porzuconych kamieniołomów. Zaprezentowano trzy z nich dające wgląd w pierwsze stadia formowania się basenu sedymentacyjnego przy północnym uskoku rowu Świerzawy, wulkanizm ryolitowy czerwonego spągowca - Organów Wielisławskich i efekty laramijskiej inwersji w rejonie Kruczych Skał w pobliżu uskoku Jerzmanic.

EN

The article presents three closed quarries, in which one can observe a record of processes essential for the formation of the North Sudetic Synclinorium. This structure, which is the result of the Laramic inversion of the post-Variscan basin filled with sedimentary and volcanic series, is relatively poor in natural exposures, but thanks to the intense exploitation of building stones, lasting since the Middle Ages, there are a number of abandoned quarries here. Three of them are presented, giving an insight into: the first stage of the formation of the sedimentary basin at the northern fault of the Świerzawa Graben, the volcanism of the Rotliegend - Wielisławka Organs, and the effects of the Laramian inversion in the area of Krucze Skały close the Jerzmanice Fault.

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The Variscan foreland in Poland revisited : new data and new concepts

Narkiewicz Marek

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 64, No. 2

377--401

EN

An earlier concept of the Variscan foreland in Poland (Narkiewicz, 2007) is reconsidered in the light of new stratigraphic, tectonic and geophysical evidence, providing new data on Devonian sedimentation, Carboniferous magmatism and the deep crustal structure of SE Poland. Regional comparisons with the tectonic evolution of Central Europe and the Black Sea region show that the subsidence pattern in the foreland was controlled by alternating phases of accelerated convergence and tectonic standstill along the southern margin of Euramerica. In particular, the Bretonian (Devonian/Carboniferous) compressional deformation resulted from intensified orogenic convergence in the West-Central European Variscides leading to closure of the Saxo-Thuringian Basin and East-Sudetic back-arc basin. Another turning point in the regional tectonosedimentary development around the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary was probably related to the termination of terrane collision in the Black Sea region. Late Pennsylvanian basin inversion was associated with a roughly N-S tectonic shortening. This was partly due to displacement along pre-existing basement discontinuities comprising reactivated Caledonian sutures that also pre-determined the Devonian-Carboniferous basin boundaries. Consequently, deeply-rooted tectonic zones, including the Kraków-Lubliniec and Holy Cross faults and the Teisseyre-Tornquist Zone, focussed maximum compressional and transpressional deformation and associated uplift. Such a concept of terminal Variscan tectonism, termed here the “decoupled model”, is discussed with reference to the recently proposed “coupled model”. The latter assumes a wide extent of the Variscan Orogen, reaching as far as the marginal Radom-Kraśnik Fold-and-Thrust Belt linked with the Bohemian Massif through a major basal detachment. It is concluded that the “decoupled model” is more consistent with the documented seismic and structural evidence as well as with the present knowledge of the heterogeneous pre-Devonian basement in southern Poland.

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Neogene activity of the Outer Carpathians recorded by thrust-top basin deposits - an example from the Rzeszów area, Poland

Uroda Joanna

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2020

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Vol. 70, no. 1

79--96

EN

The Rzeszów thrust-top basin was formed on the active Skole thrust sheet of the Outer Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt and filled with Miocene syntectonic sediments. New seismic 3D, well and field data were used to define the relationship between sedimentation and tectonic activity and to establish the synkinematic context of the Rzeszów basin-fill architecture. The basin evolution was controlled by the activity of the Carpathian frontal thrust and hinterland thrusts developed in the forelimbs of folds in the Skole thrust sheet, bounding the basin from the north and south, respectively. The activity of the frontal thrust resulted in hinterland-directed depocentre migration and tilting of the syntectonic stratigraphic sequence. Balanced cross-sections have indicated that during the last compressive stage of deformation, the syntectonic deposits filling the basin were shortened by c. 5%, which resulted in the formation of folds and contractional faults. The architecture of the syntectonic deposits and the development of contractional structures reflect the activity of thrusts bounding the basin during compressive deformation of the Carpathian orogenic belt.

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Tectonics of the Upper Nysa Kłodzka Graben, the Sudetes

Badura J., Rauch M.

Geologia Sudetica

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2014

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Vol. 42

137--148

EN

The Upper Nysa Kłodzka Graben is a geological unit well identifiable on geological, topographical and digital elevation model (DEM) maps. Tectonic activity in the area dates back to the Late Cretaceous, when the frames of the tectonic trough were formed due to the uplift of the Śnieżnik Massif Range in the east, Krowiarki Mts. Range in the north and the Bystrzyca Mts. and Orlicka Mts. ranges in the west. The total vertical displacement between the deepest locations in the graben and the highest peaks in the Śnieżnik Range varies between 1200 and 1700 m. The vertical differences in topographical relief of the graben basement exceed 500 m. Although the Upper Nysa Kłodzka Graben extends NNW–SSW, concordantly with the trend of mountain ridges in the Śnieżnik Range, subordinate tectonic structures within the graben trend N–S in its southern part near Králíky and NW–SE in the middle and northern parts. The trends of the subordinate tectonic structures are, thus, parallel to the main mountain ranges in the Orlica Mts., Bystrzyca Mts. and Krowiarki Mts. The most intensive vertical movements took place in the Late Touronian, Coniacian, at the turn of the Creataceous and Tertiary, in the Paleogene and Early Neogene. Although the Late Neogene and Quaternary activity in this area is not well documented, the vertical displacement along faults is assessed at ~70 m. The presence of volcanic rocks covering river gravels in Lądek Zdrój, thermal and mineral springs as well as the occurrence of minor earthquakes in historical times point to tectonic activity also in the Pleistocene. Recent tectonic activity in the Upper Nysa Kłodzka Graben area is evidenced by geodetic measurements and microseismicity recorded over the adjacent East Sudetes area.

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Structural inversion of the Pomeranian and Kuiavian segments of the Mid-Polish Trough-lateral variations in timing and structural style

Krzywiec P.

Geological Quarterly

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2006

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Vol. 50, No. 1

151-168

EN

Seven high-quality reflection-seismic lines, calibrated by wells, were interpreted in an effort to assess the timing of inversion and the structural configuration of the Pomeranian and Kuiavian segments of theMid-Polish Trough. Seismostratigraphic analyses of the Upper Cretaceous successions imaged by these seismic lines in the NE and SW marginal troughs of the Mid-Polish Swell document important along-strike stratigraphic and structural changes. Thickness variations of the Upper Cretaceous series, combined with the development of erosional unconformities and associated tectonic deformations indicate that inversion movements commenced during the late Turonian and intermittently persisted into the Maastrichtian and Paleocene. Earliest inversion movements were focused on the margins of the Mid-Polish Trough where Mesozoic sequences are decoupled from the sub-Zechstein series by Zechstein salts. Whereas the NE margin of theMid-Polish Trough is devoid of compressionally reactivated salt structures, its SWmargin is characterized by strong inversion- related salt tectonics. Progressive inversion of the axial parts of the Mid-Polish Trough was accompanied by uplift of its pre-Zechstein floor to and above the level of flanking, non-inverted areas, and by deep truncation ofMesozoic series across the culmination of the evolving Mid-Polish Swell. Inversion movements ceased towards the end of the Paleocene, as evidenced by the burial of the Mid-Polish Swell beneath essentially flat lying Eocene and younger series. Turonian-Paleocene inversion of the Mid-Polish Trough is coeval with the inversion of the Bohemian Massif, the North German Basin and the Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone. Inversion of the Mid-Polish Trough is considered to have been controlled mainly by compressional intraplate stresses that built up in the Carpathian foreland during the collision of the Inner Carpathian orogenic wedge with the European passivemargin, attesting to their increasing mechanical coupling, commencing during the Turonian. These stresses relaxed, however, with the end-Paleocene onset of imbrication of the Outer Carpathian domain, reflecting decoupling of the Carpathian orogenic wedge from its foreland.