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Solar chargers based on new dye-based photovoltaic modules and new supercapacitors

Plebankiewicz Ireneusz, Bogdanowicz Krzysztof. A., Kwaśnicki Paweł, Skunik-Nuckowska Magdalena, Rączka Patryk M., Kulesza Paweł, Iwan Agnieszka, Przybył Wojciech

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 4

art. no. e146452

EN

Electricity storage is one of the best-known methods of balancing the energy supply and demand at a given moment. The article presents an innovative solution for the construction of an electric energy storage device obtained from an innovative photovoltaic panel made of new dye-based photovoltaic modules and newly developed supercapacitors – which can be used as an emergency power source. In the paper, for the first time, we focused on the successful paring of new dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with novel supercapacitors. In the first step, a microprocessor stand was constructed using Artificial Intelligence algorithms to control the parameters of the environment, as well as the solar charger composed of six DSSC cells with the dimensions of 100_100 mm and 126 CR2032 coin cells with a total capacitance of 60 F containing redox-active aqueous electrolyte. It was proven that the solar charger store enough energy to power, i.e. SOS transmitter or igniters, using a 5 V signal.

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The influence of reduced graphene oxide on the structure of the electrodes and the properties of dye-sensitized solar cells

Dobrzański L. A., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2016

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Vol. 77, nr 1

12--30

EN

Purpose of the paper: The aim of the research is to investigate the influence of the structure and chemical composition of the surface layers containing reduced oxide graphene on the properties of dye-sensitized solar cells, and to determine the correlation between the morphology and physicochemical properties of reduced graphene oxide and the electrical and optical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells, which will result in the desired effects reducing production costs and increasing the efficiency of dye cells. Design/methodology/approach: Complete manufacturing technology of dye-sensitized solar cells included the selection of the conditions of the thermal reduction of graphene oxide, the development of manufacturing technology of photoanode with and without reduced graphene oxide, the development of manufacturing technologies of counter electrodes with the reduced graphene oxide and the production of dye-sensitized solar cells by combining photoanode and counter electrode and filling the space between them by the electrolyte. Findings: A reduced graphene oxide layers applied to a glass substrate with transparent conductive oxide, used as a counter electrode and photoanode effect on reducing the degree of recombination and increasing electrochemical properties, which makes them important factors in increasing the efficiency of photovoltaic cells and reduce their manufacturing costs. Research limitations/implications: Dye-sensitized solar cells research develop in the direction to increase their efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs, among others, by modifying the chemical composition and structure of the main components: photoanode and counter electrode. Using one of the most expensive materials in the world - a platinum as a catalytic layer causes a significant increase in production costs. For this reason, it is important to search for new materials that can replace the expensive platinum. Practical implications: Developed in this work producing technology of photoanode and the counter electrode containing reduced graphene oxide is an attractive alternative to dye-sensitized solar cell by reducing the manufacturing cost by eliminating costly layer of platinum while maintaining a relatively high efficiency, high transmittance and low resistance of charge transfer at the interlayer counter electrode/electrolyte. Originality/value: In the paper, the reduced graphene oxide was applied as both photoanode and the counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells.

3

The influence of natural and synthetic dyes on the absorbance of nanocrystalline TiO2 used in dye sensitized solar cells

Dobrzański L. A., Szindler M.M., Szindler M., Dudek A., Krawiec K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 69, nr 2

53--58

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of selected dyes, organic and synthetic, on the absorbance of nanocrystalline titanium oxide. It is a major component of the working electrode of dye sensitized solar cells. Those devices belonging to the third generation of solar cells are an attractive alternative to inorganic solar cells. Therefore it intensive research on increasing their efficiency were carried out. Design/methodology/approach: Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide powder was manufactured with the use of sol gel method. Then, the titanium dioxide layers were deposited on a glass substrate using a doctor blade technique. On the prepared layers commercial synthetic dye N3 and natural dye obtained from blueberry were deposited. The structure of manufactured TiO2 nanopowder was investigated using the high resolution transmission electron microscope. Optical properties of TiO2 layer with and without dye have been examined using an UV–VIS spectrometer. Findings: Results and their analysis show that it is possible to obtain nanocrystalline titanium dioxide using sol-gel method and then deposition of the various types of dyes effectively extending the range of the absorbance of light radiation. Practical implications: Nanocrystalline layers of titanium oxide are an essential element of the working electrode of dye sensitized solar cells. It is extremely important to search for new materials for sensitizing titanium dioxide to enhance the efficiency of the type of solar cell. Originality/value: The paper presents results of investigations of the influence of natural and synthetic dyes on the absorbance of noncommercial nanocrystalline TiO2 used in dye sensitized solar cells.

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Graphene oxide film as semi-transparent counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell

Dobrzański L. A., Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz M., Lukaszkowicz K., Drygała A., Szindler M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 73, nr 1

13--20

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to fabricate semi-transparent graphene oxide counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Design/methodology/approach: A thermal reduction is applied to decreased the amount of surface oxygen functionalities on graphene sheets. For this purpose thermal treatments in oven in 250°C and 500°C were used. Graphene oxide materials were mixed with PEDOT:PSS and then deposited on FTO glass by spin coating method. PEDOT:PSS was added to graphene oxide to increase conductivity and enhance film forming ability. Findings: Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurement was carried out to monitor the degree of oxidation for the graphene samples. It has been found that annealing of graphene oxide counter electrodes under inert atmospheres enable a better ordering of graphene oxide films and also cause losing an oxygen functional groups, that makes layers become denser and smother, with a lower surface roughness, and thus less transparent. Research limitations/implications: It has been found that due to development of the technology of dye-sensitized solar cells with graphene oxide counter electrode, it is possible to lowering a production costs by replacing a costly platinum. It is advisable to take into account in the further experiments application of counter electrode on different kinds of substrates in the selected process parameters, and research for using them in DSSC cells mass production. Practical implications: DSSC cells are an interesting alternative to silicon solar cells. Presented in this paper results showed possibilities of modify dye-sensitized solar cells by replacing costly platinum. Originality/value: It was shown that dye-sensitized solar cells with graphene oxide counter electrode can be used in building integrated photovoltaic.

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Barwnikowe ogniwa słoneczne z przeciwelektrodą grafenową

Klein M., Siuzdak K., Cenian A.

Polska Energetyka Słoneczna

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2014

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nr 1-4

5--9

PL

W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono technologię barwnikowych ogniw słonecznych wykorzystujących jako przeciwelektrodę (katodę) warstwę nanopłatków grafenowych wytworzoną metodą pokrywania natryskowego. Mimo gorszych wartości parametrów ogniwa z warstwą węglową w porównaniu do ogniwa z warstwą Pt, konkurencyjna cena grafenu w stosunku do platyny oraz możliwość poprawy wydajności ogniwa poprzez kontrolę parametrów wytwarzania warstw otwiera szerokie perspektywy dla zastąpienia metalu szlachetnego - materiałem węglowym.

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Architektoniczne walory ogniw DSSC

Szlachta J., Marszałek L., Chrobak S.

Czysta Energia

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2014

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Nr 7-8

36--37