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1
Content available Accumulation of Selected Heavy Metals in the Femora of Small Terrestrial Mammals
Martiniakova M., Omelka R., Jancova A., Stawarz R., Formicki G., Toman R.
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
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2009
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Vol. 16, nr 12
1599-1604
EN
The accumulation of lead, cadmium, iron, nickel, copper and zinc in the femora of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) living near the site of coal power station Novaky (Slovakia) was investigated. The content of heavy metals in the bones was assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Altogether 20 femora of adult individuals were analysed. Higher concentrations of Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn were detected in the bones of bank vole. Significant differences were observed for the concentrations of Cd, Ni and Zn (p < 0.05). On the contrary, higher concentrations of Pb and Fe were found in the femora of yellow necked mouse. However, the differences were not significant. Our results indicate that Clethrionomys glareolus may be considered as more bone loaded zoomonitor in comparison with Apodemus flavicollis.
PL
Zbadano kumulację ołowiu, kadmu, żelaza, niklu, miedzi i cynku w kości udowej myszy leśnej (Apodemus flavicollis) i nomicy rudej (Clethrionomys glareolus) zasiedlających tereny w pobliżu elektrowni Novaky na Słowacji. Zawartość metali ciężkich w kościach zmierzono metodą spektrofotometrii atomowej. Przebadano 20 kości udowych podchodzących od dorosłych osobników. Większe zawartości Cd, Ni, Cu i Zn stwierdzono w kościach nornicy rudej niż w kościach myszy leśnej. Istotne statystycznie różnice między badanymi ssakami dotyczyły zawartości Cd, Ni i Zn (p < 0.05). Z drugiej strony kości myszy leśnej zawierały więcej Pb i Fe niż kości nomicy rudej. Różnice te nie były jednak istotne statystycznie. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że kości nornicy rudej kumulują więcej metali ciężkich niż kości myszy leśnej, co może mieć znaczenie dla przyszłych badań monitoringowych.
2
Content available remote Variability of helminth assemblages and populations in the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus
Haukisalmi V., Henttonen H.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
219-231
EN
The present knowledge of the helminth fauna and ecology of helminths in the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus is reviewed, with special emphasis on the geographical variability of helminth assemblages. The helminth fauna of bank vole is highly predictable throughout its distribution range, with the possible exception of England and Wales. In the latter region, helminth species diversity was lower and species dominance relationships were different, compared with those on the continental regions. The patterns of seasonal and long-term population dynamics of helminths are reviewed, showing that life-cycles do not determine the patterns of seasonal variability of helminth populations. Although some helminth species show patchy spatial distribution in the field, (high) aggregation of helminth species among host population is shown to pe due to differences between host individuals in exposure and/or susceptibility, rather than spatial heterogeneity on a higher scale. Two unpublished experiments show that the ubiquitous helminth species of bank voles, Heligmosomum mixtum (Nematoda), has the potential to act as a mortality factor if the quality of the host diet is poor, but bank vole populations are unlikely to be regulated by this nematode.
3
Content available remote Regional differences in dynamics of bank vole populations in Europe
Hansson L., Jędrzejewska B., Jędrzejewski W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
163-177
EN
Fluctuation patterns of bank vole populations were reviewed for central and north-western Europe. Many fairly stable populations occur in central and western Europe while clearly cyclic populations, with an interval of 3-4 year between peaks, are typical for northern Fennoscandia. There is a transition zone around 60 stopni N. In forests in central Europe dominated by oak, and less so by beech and lime, bank vole populations demonstrate outbreak dynamics with peaks at 6-9 year intervals, related to mast seeding. Both cyclic and outbreak populations show pronounced annual variations in reproduction and survival. Community conditions are described for these types of populations and annual variations in food supply are denoted. Isolated (island) populations are characterised by generally high densities and high adult survival. Factors that have been suggested to explain the various dynamics differ: predation and food for cyclic performance, food alone for outbreaks and social factors within circumscribed populations.
4
Content available remote Predation and the dynamics of the bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
Oksanen T., Oksanen L., Jędrzejewski W., Jędrzejewska B., Korpimäki E., Norrdahl K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
197-217
EN
Theoretical analyses and data suggest that the interaction between bank voles and their predators generates a locally stable equilibrium, regardless to the composition of the predator guild. The suggested primary proximate source for stability is female territoriality. Predation_per se_appears to be destabilizing. Whether or not predation regulates bank voles appears thus to be a semantic issue, depending on the operational definition of the concept of regulation. Confusion has arisen as different operational definitions have been tacitly used by different authors. The predicted intrinsic stability of bank vole-predator systems is most clearly displayed in the southern part of the boreal zone. Currently, even the dynamics of bank voles of taiga landscapes in Finnish ?apland are close to the predicted multiannual stability. In those boreal areas, where grassy and productive Microtus habitats are relatively abundant, sustained, multiannual cycles appear to be generated by the interaction between small mustelids and Microtus spp. When desities of Microtus decline, fidelity to Microtus habitats becomes suboptimal for predators. Consequently, cyclicity seems to be externally imposed on bank voles, due to changing habitat preferences of predators during the course of the mustelid-Microtus cycle. In the temperate zone, masting (seed crops of deciduous trees) increases the reproductive rate of bank voles and ameliorates female territoriality, initiating a transient increase in the numbers of bank voles and their predators. Beforethe system reaches its new equilibrium, the mast is over. Due to the combined effect of high predator numbers and normal reproductive performance, bank vole numbers then decline to the low level typicalfor post-mast years. Depending on the frequency of masting, the post-past low can be followed by a stable phase or immediately by a new mast-triggered outbreak. Although fundamentally different mechanisms appear to account for multiannual density fluctuations in temperate and boreal bank vole populations, both phenomena can be interpreted as consequences of extremal perturbations upon intrinsically stable predator-prey systems.
5
Content available remote Populations of the bank vole in an industrial environment : demography and population numbers consequences
Luk'janova L., Luk'janov O., Bol'sakov V.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
133-139
EN
Industrial factors exert considerably influence on the level of bank vole abundance and dynamics in numbers of the bank vole by decreasing habitat quality and disturbing the balance of reproduction, mortality and migration. As a result of industrial degradation and fragmentation of habitats, accompanied by the reduction of their ecological capacity and area, the level of the bank vole abundance is considerably reduced. The dynamics in numbers of the bank vole in impact populations is characterized by a lower leveland an increased amplitude of dynamics. At significant industrial loads, dynamics in numbers lose periodicity and are characterized by a longer phase of depression
6
Content available remote Population dynamics of the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus Schreb.) in west Siberia
Moshkin M., Dobrotvorsky A., Novikov E., Panov V., Ilyaschenko V, Onishenko S., Sergeev V.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
107-112
EN
Multi-annual dynamics and population structure of the bank vole in three localities of southern West Siberia is analyzed. Relative abundance of voles tended to decrease towards the perphery of the range. The summer abundance correlated significantly with certain weather parameters of previous winter or spring season. No correlation between maturation rates in youngs-of-the-year and density was observed. Population dynamics of the bank vole in southern West Siberia is governed primarily by environmental factors. This is due to non-optimal climatic conditions on the periphery of the species range causing high winter morality and ultimately, maintaining low level of density on which self-regulatory mechanisms are not involved.
7
Content available remote Long-term dynamics of the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus at Pallasjarvi, northern Finnish taiga
Henttonen H.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
87-96
EN
The whole rodent community (eight arvicoline species) has been followed at Pallasjarvi, at the northern limit of Clethrionomys glareolus in Finnish Lapland, since 1970. Dynamics were cyclic until the mid 1980's but since then the pattern has been stable. Also the species abundances have changed. The delayed density dependence, characterising the cyclic period, is not found during the stable period. Causes for this change in cyclicity are discussed. The bank vole is the most common rodent species in forests up to its northern limit. The long-term, Year around live trapping studies and feeding experiments suggest e.g. that delayed maturation of young is not optimal but due to social constraints. Food addition resulted in higher densities, but the effect on the density-dependent structure was negligible and the dynamics were not affected by food addition.
8
Content available remote Landscape approach to bank vole ecology
Kozakiewicz M., Apeldoorn R., Bergers P., Gortat T., Kozakiewicz A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
149-161
EN
The effects of spatial distribution and variability of suitable habitat patches in a landscape on metapopulation dynamics of bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus are presented and discussed. Numerous examples of field data are presented. Some results of modelling the effects of spatial characteristics of the landscape on bank vole metapopulation survival probability are presented and discussed.
9
Content available remote Bank vole biology : recent advances in the population biology of a model species
Bujalska G., Hansson L.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
5-7
10
Content available remote Advances in the population biology of the bank vole : some conclusions and proposals for future studies
Bujalska G., Hansson L.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2000
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Vol. 48, Suppl.
233-235
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