This paper deals with issues related to the diagnosis of dampness and mycological tests in historic buildings. The selection of appropriate diagnostic procedures in the case of historic buildings undergoing modernisation, revitalisation or renovation is an important element of properly conducted works aimed at the preservation of cultural heritage. The article presents the issues of biodeterioration, and the scope of procedures for carrying out expert assessments of historic buildings, with emphasis on the issue of mycological testing. In conclusion, the article states that due to dynamic degradation processes caused by biological corrosion, mycological examinations of buildings containing wooden structures should be obligatory in the building law. It was pointed out that economics repeatedly determines the depth of research and thus the reliability of the analysis results obtained.
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The work includes a description of the period from the moment of setting up Polish Polar Station on King George Island (1977) to the end of International Polar Year IV in 2009. Researches on flower plants focused, among others, on plants' morphology, morphological composition of the pollen and anatomical ultra-structure of the leaves. There were also carried out biochemical and other searches for the internal mutability. Within physiological studies one concentrated on the problem of reaction to temperature stress. Biological researches focused mainly on solving taxonomic and bio-geographic problems. Finally, were published several monographs and, among others, the first in history complete description of moss` flora of the whole of Antarctic (2008). Research works over algae included also such issues as floristics, bio-geography, taxonomy and ecology (for instance, (the rookery's impact on distribution of algae, or the influence of inanimate factors on dynamics of condensing the Diatoma in different water and soil-bound tanks). Up till now, within mycological investigations has been identified a variety of lichen fungi that for the most part of Antarctic are a novelty. There were scientifically described new for science genera and species of Western Antarctic. Lichenological studies were made in the field of taxonomy, geography, lichenometry, biochemistry of lichens, lichenoindication, ecophysiology and from the point of analysis of base metals' content. There were also described new for science species. Since 1991, were published the results of searches for the base metals' content and vestigial chemical elements in lichens' thallus. Ecophysiological researches concerned both micro-climatic conditions' impact on primary production and lichens' adaptation to a very cold climate. One discovered a mechanism of two-phase hydratization/dehydratization of lichens' thallus. On the ground of palaeobotanical analyzes was reconstructed a development of flora in Western Antarctic from the late Cretaceous period to the beginning of Melville's continental glaciation. One singled out three floristic stages and were reconstructed their peculiarities in the development of flora. There was also described an early Jurassic flora of Hope Bay (Półwysep Antarktyczny - Antarctic Peninsula) that turned out to be the richest Jurassic flora in the world. From that point of view were analyzed new species of mineral plants. Ecological researches concentrated on the problems connected with several issues and, among others, with the processes of settlement and succession, distribution and ecology of land biotopes, changes in their spatial structure, and state of biotopes' biological mass. The second group of issues concerned the anthropogenous impacts. One also analyzed early stages of synanthropization of flora. Another important issue was recognizing an extent of the pollution of the environment, particularly with base metals. In the years 1977-2009 were published, at least, 426 notes, articles and monographs that were a result of botanical and mycological researches on sheets of land of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic,
Badania mykologiczne ukierunkowane były głównie na obecność i identyfikację grzybów w powietrzu pomieszczeń obiektów chłodniczych oraz ustalenie ich stanu ilościowego i jakościowego, w cyklach rocznych w 25 obiektach chłodniczych, w latach 1996-2000. W każdym obiekcie badano i porównywano kształtowanie się poziomu mykotoksyn w poszczególnych miesiącach roku. Punkty pomiarowe zostały zlokalizowane w ten sposób, aby można było określić jak najdokładniej źródła i poziom zanieczyszczeń oraz kierunki ich rozprzestrzeniania się. Badano temperaturę, wilgotność, stężenie dwutlenku węgla (CO2) oraz tlenu (O2) w chłodniach spółdzielczych oraz chłodniach przejętych przez osoby prywatne w dzierżawę lub na własność od spółdzielni południowej Polski. Oceniano stan fizyczny i higieniczno-sanitarny badanych obiektów.
EN
Mycological research conducted in annual cycles over 1996-200 focussed mainly on determination and identification of fungi in the air of 25 walk-in coolers and on the assessment of the fungi numbers and qualitative status. The levels of mycotoxins were investigated and compared in each object in the individual months of the year. Measuring points were located so as to allow for the most precise identification of the sources and levels of pollution and the directions of their expansion. The temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) concentrations were examined in co-operative walk-in coolers and in those leased or purchased by private persons from the co-operatives in Southern Poland. The physical, hygienic and sanitary conditions of the examined objects were also evaluated.
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