The paper describes the most important nuclear fusion reactions and methods of generation of thermonuclear energy by means of nuclear explosions, as well as the main directions of research on the mastering of controlled nuclear fusion. Different methods of the high-temperature plasma confinement with external magnetic fields are discussed, particularly plasma facilities of the Tokamak- and Stellarator-type. The methods used for generation and inertial confinement of hot plasma by means of high-power laser beams are also described. The paper presents results of recent experiments of the Z-Pinch and Plasma-Focus type, as well as the results of research carried out in Poland.
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