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Radiated energy scaling for seismic events induced by mining

Gibowicz S.

Acta Geophysica Polonica

2001

Vol. 49, nr 1

95-111

Seven sets of the values of radiated energy from 987 seismic events from two South African gold mines, four Polish coal and copper mines, and from the Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Canada are used to examine their scaling with seismic moment, apparent stress and average displacement. Moment magnitude of these events ranges from -3.6 to 3.8, the seismic energy ranges from 1x10(-3) to 1x10(11) J, and the apparent stress is between 0.0025 and 5 MPa. The slope of regression straight line between the logarithm of radiated energy and that of seismic moment is very close to 1.5 in all cases, which seems to have theoretical justification. The average values of seismic energy, however, referred to the same range of seismic moment, are about 30 times higher for seismic events from South African hard-rock mines that those observed from events in Polish mines. Similarly, the slope of a linear regression between the logarithm of apparent stress and that of energy is fairly close to 1/3 for the events from South African and Polish mines. But the average apparent stress, referred to the same range of seismic energy, is about 10 times higher for the events in South Africa than for those in Poland. The relations between the average slip and the energy are on a logarithmic scale surprisingly consistent and more regular than similar relations based on seismic moment. The events from the URL follow the same trend as the events from South Africa, whereas for the events from Poland the average slip is about 5 times lower than that for the other events.