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Acrylic polyurethane coatings durability under outdoor weathering in an industrial area

Białomazur Magdalena, Jasińska Izabella, Kowalczyk Krzysztof, Musik Marlena, Pasierbiewicz Kamil, Wróbel Rafał J.

Polimery

2021

T. 66, nr 10

503--517

In this work, weathering performance and durability of a commercial automotive acrylic polyurethane topcoat samples exposed at a natural testing station in an industrial atmosphere (Police, Poland) were studied. After a 16-month outdoor aging process, surface morphology and general appearance of the clearcoat were investigated by means of optical and scanning electron microscopes, an optical profilometer and by a glossmeter. For further investigation of the samples surfaces chemistry X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilized. Test results showed that the outdoor exposure changed the appearance of the acrylic polyurethane topcoat surface because protuberant spots of various sizes were observed. Quantitative profilometric analysis indicated an apparent increase of surfaces roughness, however, no signs of chemical degradation of the studied topcoat were revealed by XPS and FTIR analyses. Finally, it was apparent that the surface protuberances observed after the ageing test resulted by atmospheric deposits consisting mainly of oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and silicon compounds and elemental carbon. Additionally, it was revealed that a detailed cleaning process of the clearcoat surfaces may remove the detected contaminants.

W niniejszej pracy zbadano trwałość próbek komercyjnej akrylowo-poliuretanowej nawierzchniowej powłoki samochodowej w trakcie ich ekspozycji w atmosferze przemysłowej zakładów chemicznych (Police, Polska). Morfologię powierzchni i ogólny wygląd powłok lakierowych (po 16 miesiącach testu) zbadano za pomocą mikroskopu optycznego i skaningowego mikroskopu elektronowego, profilometru optycznego oraz połyskomierza. Do badań składu i struktury chemicznej powierzchni wymalowań wykorzystano rentgenowską spektroskopię fotoelektronów (XPS) oraz spektroskopię w podczerwieni z transformacją Fouriera (FTIR). Ekspozycja w atmosferze przemysłowej zmieniła wygląd powierzchni powłok gdyż zaobserwowano wypukłe plamy o różnej wielkości. Dodatkowo, ilościowa analiza profilometryczna wykazała wyraźny wzrost chropowatości powierzchni, chociaż wyniki badań metodami XPS i FTIR nie wykazały żadnych oznak chemicznej degradacji testowanych próbek. Ostatecznie okazało się, że wypukłości obserwowane na powierzchniach starzonych powłok były osadami atmosferycznymi składającymi się głównie ze związków tlenu, wapnia, fosforu, żelaza, krzemu oraz węgla. Dodatkowo wykazano, że dokładne umycie powierzchni powłok powoduje usunięcie wspomnianych zanieczyszczeń.

Nanotechnology application to automotive coating manufacturing

Kotnarowska D., Wojtyniak M.

Journal of KONES

2007

Vol. 14, No. 2

253-258

The last decade showed very fast growing of worldwide interest in nanotechnologies and nanomaterials. These trends can also be observed in high performance automotive coating formulations. Coating industry was one of the first branches that applied nanoscience and nanotechnology. Application of nanotechnology in organic coatings consists, mainly, in coating formulation using nanomaterials. Such obtained "nanocomposite coatings" consist of polymer matrix containing nano-scale particles. At this scale, properties of materials can be very different from those at a larger scale. Coating properties can be greatly affected by the size of filler particles; the smaller the filler particles the larger the effect. The effect of nanofillers depends on many factors, among others: chemical nature of nanofillers, their concentration and level of dispersion in the coating, as well as interaction between filler particles and organic matrix. Protective and decorative automotive coatings are exposed to the action of such factors as: ultraviolet radiation, erosive particles, humidity and heat. The presence of nanofillers allows increasing coatings resistance to these factors. Resistance to erosive wear and scratch are very important features of automotive clearcoats. Pigments which particles are smaller than the wavelength of visible light may be applied in formulations of such coatings to increase their phisico-chemical properties. Application of nanofillers to clearcoats requires complete dispersion of their particles in polymer matrix. Complete dispersion of nanofillers in polymer matrix enables preparation of high performance clearcoats showing high transparency and resistance to erosive wear and scratch. Alumina and silica nanoparticles are very often used in such applications. The paper presents literature review on nanofiller application in automotive coating formulations.