Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Design of robotic work cells using object-oriented and agent-based approaches

Sękala A., Foit K., Banaś W., Kost G.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2015

|

Vol. 73, nr 2

222--228

EN

Purpose: of this paper is to present agent-based and object-oriented approaches in the desingning of robotic work cells. The complexity of elements which form the robotic work cells causes that already at the design stage it is necessary to evolve the models that comply with different aspects of the conformation and principles of the operation of the workcell. Design/methodology/approach: The use of agent-based and object-oriented approaches during the process of robotized workcell's design, allows i.a. to systematize the knowledge about the designed workcell and simplifies the definition and analysis of relationship between its components. Most modern systems CAD/CAM uses object-oriented structure. They do not allow the creation of a direct structure agents. It is therefore necessary to show the relationship between the object and the agent. Findings: The relationship between object-oriented and agent-based model allow to fill the gap between them. Understanding of them could allow more efficient use of existing systems that are decicated for designing of robotic work cells. Research limitations/implications: The presented considerations are only the introduction to the further work on developing these methods for the use during the design process of robotic cell, and clearly do not cover all the issues involved, hence there are also other open issues for future research that could generalize the researches or could be a starting point for a new ones. These problems may concern e.g.: development of appropriate methods of communication and cooperation between the agents or the definition of the new agents that can act autonomously according to their own algorithms. Practical implications: The main objective is to build the base for modular and flexible system that will allow designing of robotic work cells using the methods presented in the paper. Due to high cost of such systems, there is no reason to make it from scratch. The better way is to integrate the existing applications and use the synergetic effect of such approach.

2

The elements of artificial intelligence and the logic programming in the semi automatic programming of the robot

Foit K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2011

|

Vol. 49, nr 2

383--390

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show of using some aspects of the artificial intelligence and the logic programming in “programming by expression of will” methods in order to simplify the whole process of programming of the robot. Design/methodology/approach: The new method uses the “show me the state before and after” approach. The input data have a form of the pictures set: the first set shows the “before” state, while the second one shows the “after” state. These pictures then should be analysed by the computer program and the “skeleton code” for the robot could be created. Findings: The most important, but also the most error-prone system is the image recognition processor. In the further development of the system it should be taken into consideration, that there is no very effective method for the separation of manipulation objects from the background. Practical implications: The presented concept of the method of robots programming by the expression of the will (or the intentional programming) is in early phase of development. There are plenty of unsolved problems, which could affect the overall performance and the efficiency of this method. The problem with the highest priority is to create the error-resistant image recognition system, which could work with popular types of cameras. Originality/value: The presented method is the extension of programming by demonstration method, but there is no need “to teach” the robot - the program is generated almost automatically.

3

Synthesis water level control by fuzzy logic

Berk P., Stajnko D., Vindis P., Mursec B., Lakota M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2011

|

Vol. 45, nr 2

204--210

EN

Purpose: This paper focuses on evolving of two types fuzzy and classical PID liquid level controller and examining whether they are better able to handle modelling uncertainties. A two stage strategy is employed to design the synthesis fuzzy and classical PID controller with the process of the first and second order and implements disorder (quadratic function). Design/methodology/approach: The synthesis of fuzzy and classical PID liquid level controller was realized with the HP laptop 6830s Compaq NA779ES, software Matlab/Simulink 2008b, FIS (Fuzzy Inference System) soft logical tool, input-output unit 500 Dragon Rider and ultrasonic sensor. Using the simulation program Matlab/Simulink/FIS we simulate the operation of fuzzy and classical controller in the liquid level regulating cycle and made a comparison between fuzzy and classical controller functioning. Findings: From the responses to step fuzzy and classical controller for first-order process shows that the actual value of the controlled variable takes the value one. Fuzzy and classical PID controller does not allow control derogation, which is also inappropriate for fuzzy and classical control cycle with incorporating disturbance. Classical PID controller in the first-order process provides short-term regulation, such as fuzzy PID controller. In fuzzy control cycle with fuzzy PID controller and incorporating disturbance in the process of second-order the control cycle is stable and at certain predetermined parameters (integral gain) a control does not allow deviations. Research limitations/implications: In future research, the robustness of the fuzzy logic controller will be investigated in more details. Practical implications: Using fuzzy liquid level controller can reduce power consumption by 25%. Originality/value: Fuzzy logic controller is useful in applications of nonlinear static characteristic, where classical methods with usually classical PID controllers cannot be a satisfactory outcome.

4

The web-based programming interface for the Mitsubishi Movemaster robot

Foit K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 27, nr 2

183-186

EN

Purpose: of this paper. The aim of this paper is to present a prototype of web-based programming interface for the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot. Design/methodology/approach: In the previous papers [11-14] the off-line, remote programming system for the mentioned robot has been presented. It has been used as a base for developing a new branch: web-based programming interface. The web techniques have been selected due to possibility of use existing code fragments for elaborating new applications and modularity of this solution. Findings: As a result, a prototype of the system has been developed. Research limitations/implications: Because the presented system is in the early development stage, there is a lack of some useful functions. Future work will include elaboration of the robot's visualisation module and implementation of a trajectory translator intended to co-operate with CAD software. Practical implications: The elaborated system has been previously intended for educational purposes, but it may be adapted for other devices, like small PLC's or other robots. Originality/value: Remote supervision of machines during a manufacturing process is an actual issue. Most of automation systems manufacturers produce software for their PLC's and robots. Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 is an old model and there is very few programs dedicated to this machine. On the other hand the programming and development of applications for this robot are very easy. The aim of the presented project is to develop a flexible, remote-programming environment.

5

The signal connections in robot integrated manufacturing systems

Reclik D., Kost G., Świder J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 26, nr 1

89-96

EN

Purpose: The main goal of this paper is that, the robot integrated manufacturing systems are more popular and useful in the industry. Moreover, the communication in those systems might be realized by many different data exchange solutions. Using this kind of solution causes the data exchange incompatibility. This paper deals with different ways in informatics connection of all of the components in robot integrated manufacturing system. Design/methodology/approach: Incompatibility is a result of usage many different communication systems between components in lathe center. The way of mutual signal connections were the target of researches. Findings: As a result of scientific work, the universal and compatible informatics connection system of the robot lathe center was created. Research limitations/implications: The project of the data exchange system is confined to PROFIBUS DP lan. Practical implications: The result of the researches was developing a technical element choice procedure of the data exchange depending on transport means quantity and system composition in the robot lathe system. Originality/value: This is a brand new paper, which describes internal systems of data exchange in robot integrated manufacturing system in example of automatic lathe center.

6

Temperature control strategy for a seal fatigue tester

Czop P., Sławik D., Wszołek G., Związek M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 29, nr 2

155-158

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is optimization of a control strategy used in a seal fatigue tester. Design/methodology/approach: Analytical approach has been applied to get an understanding of a heat exchange process. It is required to optimize the control process algorithm. Findings: The initial control algorithm has been improved regarding numerous tests under different operating conditions. The final version of the control program allows to maintain the temperature according to the on-off strategy minimizing the temperature oscillations and potential overshoots. Research limitations/implications: It should be considered a new control strategy based on PID controller. Practical implications: The major component of the tester is the heat exchanger. It consists of a tube and embedded pipe circuit feeding with the external heating or cooling medium. The tube is a cylindrical housing where the seals are assembled at both sides. Two main pumps circulate the medium at a specified flow rate and pressure. The temperature is maintained to hold it almost constant during heating and cooling phases. Two thermocouples are placed close to the seals, and the one in the middle of the heat exchanger tube. The tester is equipped with a control system consisting of a PLC controller and LabView data acquisition application. It is possible to control the device remotely through LAN/WAN networks. The LabView application communicates with the controller via software with the use of PPI (Point-To-Point Interface) protocol. A new control algorithm has allowed to perform tests according to testing specification without significant overshoots. Originality/value: On-off control algorithm has been proposed for a combined heating-cooling installation rarely using in the industrial solutions.

7

Remote programming of the Mitsubishi Movemaster robot by using the web-based interface

Foit K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 31, nr 2

639-645

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present a prototype of web-based programming interface for the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot. Design/methodology/approach: The web techniques have been selected due to modularity of this solution and possibility of use the existing code fragments for elaborating new applications. The previous papers [11-14] have presented the off-line, remote programming system for the RV-M1 robot. The general idea of this system is a base for developing a web-based programming interface. Findings: The prototype of the system has been developed. Research limitations/implications: The presented system is in the early development stage and there is a lack of some functions. In the future a visualisation module will be elaborated and the trajectory translator intended to co-operate with CAD software will be included. Practical implications: The previous version of the system has been intended for educational purposes. It is planned that new version will be more flexible and it will have the possibility of being adapted for other devices, like small PLC's or other robots. Originality/value: Remote supervision of machines during a manufacturing process is an actual issue. Most of automation systems manufacturers produce supervising software for their PLC's and robots. The Movemaster RV-M1 robot is an old model and is lack of the high-tech software. On the other hand, the programming and development of applications for this robot are very easy. The aim of the presented project is to develop a flexible, remote-programming environment.

8

Design and development of seal components fatigue tester

Czop P., Sławik D., Wszołek G., Związek M.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 30, nr 1

67-74

EN

Purpose: The aim of the paper is research and development concerning a fatigue tester of shock absorber seal systems. Design/methodology/approach: Analytical approach has been applied to get an understanding of a heat exchange process. The mathematical model has been formulated and validated based on the available measurements. Numerical simulation has been carried out to illustrate a heat exchange process performance. Findings: It is possible to control a seal temperature and mechanical friction related to the rod movement into the seal at the specified velocity. The model accuracy is sufficient to perform sensitivity analysis and optimize the design. Research limitations/implications: The components of a fatigue tester have to withstand the significant temperature differences in the range ~30;+140*C, e. g. hydraulic hoses, fittings, and pumps. Practical implications: We combine the analytical and experimental approach to provide customized and reliable engineering solution in the area of damper component seal development. A typical seal has a lip-like design protecting the moving parts against the leakage. It can be tested in a shock absorber or externally with use of a customized test rigs. Seal tests inside a shock absorber have numerous disadvantages. A shock absorber temperature rises during longer tests and cooling phase is required. This dramatically increases tests duration performed with the use of an expensive general-purpose hydraulic testing machinery. A compressed air or water jacket is used to accelerate the cooling process. Nevertheless, there are limitations related to the physics behind the cooling process. A seal component fatigue tester allows to perform the seal component tests out of the shock absorber. Originality/value: A new testing method provides possibility to quantify the main contributors of seal usage.

9

A functional tolerance model: an approach to automate the inspection process

Hunter R., Guzman M., Möller J., Perez J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2008

|

Vol. 31, nr 2

662-670

EN

Purpose: Purpose of this paper is the definition of a framework to describe the Technological Product Specifications (TPS) and the information associated with the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing to integrate the design concepts into a commercial inspection system. Design/methodology/approach: A functional tolerance model provides a complete framework to define the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing and its relationship with the part geometry and the inspection process. This framework establishes a connection between a computer aided design and computer aided inspection system throughout the exportation of the information associated to the dimensions and tolerance of the part into a commercial CAI system. Findings: They are mainly focused on the definition of a framework that describes the relationship between the entities of dimensions and tolerances with the geometry of the part. The information imported to a CAI system allows to develop the inspection process without the additional information provided by a physical drawing of the part. Research limitations/implications: They regard the limited access to commercial CAI system and to the lack of protocols of exchange of data associated to the tolerances of the part. Practical implications: They involve facilitation of the inspection process development. This implication allows realizing the inspection process reducing the time spent to define the geometry to inspect and the parameters that must be controlled. Originality/value: The main value of this research is the development of a unique framework to extract the information related to the geometric dimensioning and tolerances and the geometry of the part in a common model. This model provides a complete definition and representation of the entities, attributes and relationship of design and inspection system.

10

The system for simulation and off-line, remote programming of the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot

Świder J., Foit K., Wszołek G., Mastrowski D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 25, nr 1

7-14

EN

Purpose: of this paper: The paper presents a concept of a system for off-line programming, simulation and remote supervision of the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot. Design/methodology/approach: In the software development process a robot installed in institute's laboratory has been used. The software has been coded in a high level programming language in a manner that allows future improvements. Findings: As a result of the work, an initial version of software has been created. It has been developed for Windows platform. Research limitations/implications: The initial version of software has been dedicated to Movemaster RV- Ml and only this model is available for simulation purposes in virtual environment. Visualization processor recognizes only selected commands of MELFA BASIC. Future aims include creation of more flexible form of the software, which could be used on different operating system platforms and can handle other types of robots. Practical implications: Presently, the software is used internally for didactic purposes, during conduction of laboratory classes. Originality/value: Existing commercial systems are more or less hermetic. Developed software is intended to use standards for model representation and simulation (like OpenGL API).

11

The off-line programming and simulation software for the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot

Świder J., Foit K., Wszołek G., Mastrowski D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 20, nr 1-2

499-502

EN

Purpose: Contemporary robotics requires modern instruments for programming, control and supervising of robot's work. It becomes necessary to strict adjust the robot in its working environment after tests on a virtual model of the robot and its surroundings. The aim of present work is a presentation of preliminary version of the system for off-line programming, simulation and remote supervision of the Mitsubishi Movemaster RV-M1 robot. Design/methodology/approach: The robot installed in institute's laboratory has been used in research work. Attention has been focused on creating of universal software, which could be developed in the future. Findings: In result of carried work a first version of the software has been developed. It has network oriented modular structure. Research limitations/implications: The code of the software has been developed in high level programming in such manner, that allows further translation and transfer to the other system platform. Far-reaching plans include creation of universal form of the software, which could be applied to majority of system platforms and can operate with different types of robots. Practical implications: Created software has presently didactic character and it is used during conduction of laboratory classes. Originality/value: Conducted works have in view a creation of universal and modular software. Existing commercial solutions are usually dedicated to a concrete type of robot.

12

The laboratory stand for didactic and research of a Fluid Muscle

Wszołek G., Stawarz G., Zub P.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 25, nr 2

77-80

EN

Purpose: The aim of this work was to design and build a laboratory stand dedicated for didactic and research purposes connected with a Fluidic Muscle. The stand is placed at the Electropneumatic and PLC controllers Laboratory [10,11,12] of the Institute of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The stand was designed and visualised by utilisation of professional CAD software - CATIA and a fluidic muscle was chosen according to a MuscleSIM programme of FESTO company. Findings: The device integrates the elements which are indispensable determinant of contemporary industry and the main aim of its construction was to bring closer conceptions and ideas connected with the construction and the outworking of the fluidic muscle, problems of proportional pressure control, visualisation and control of the industrial processes as well as making possible of carrying out the investigations and experiments on these elements. Research limitations/implications: The module structure of the research stand gives possibility to make its further development by adding extra modules that can be easily mounted on plates, which will make possible the implementation of series of individual positions controlled by one PLC. Thanks to the applied system of visualisation, switching among synoptic screens is possible. The visualisation represents every separate module of the stand and so, with the help of one operator position, gives possibility to control every chosen module of the whole device. Originality/value: The mechatronic didactic and research device introduced in the paper represents the new approach to the problem of visualisation and control of the fluidic muscle and constitutes the perfect tool of the aided didactic process in the Institute's laboratory.

13

A knowledge-based system for selection of progressive die components

Kumar S., Singh R.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2007

|

Vol. 20, nr 1-2

475-478

EN

Purpose: The present paper describes a knowledge-based system (KBS) developed for selection of progressive die components to automate the design process of progressive dies in stamping industries. Design/methodology/approach: The production rule based KBS approach of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been utilized for constructing the proposed system. The system has been structured into seven KBS modules. Modules are user interactive and designed to be loaded in to the prompt area of AutoCAD. Findings: The output of system modules includes the type and proper dimensions of progressive die components namely die block, die gauges (front spacer and back gauge), stripper, punches, punch plate, back plate, die-set and fasteners. The system has been designed in such a way that the expert advices imparted by its modules are automatically stored in different output data files. These data files can be further utilized for automatic modeling of die components and die assembly. Research limitations/implications: Altough the system is limited to the design of progressive dies only, yet it can be extended further for the design of other types of dies also. Practical implications: The proposed system is ready for use in sheet metal industries for quick selection of progressive die components. The system can be implemented on a PC having AutoCAD software and therefore its low cost of implementation makes it affordable by small and medium sized stamping industries. Originality/value: The proposed system is capable of accomplishing the time-consuming task of selection of progressive die components in a very short time period.

14

The use of the Mitsubishi PLC systems in student’s preparation for realization of industrial tasks

Świder J., Foit K.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2006

|

Vol. 14, nr 1-2

190--196

EN

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show the laboratory equipment, the methods of learning and the results of education process in student’s preparation for realization of industrial tasks. Design/methodology/approach: The paper presents the models elaborated by students as results of semestral or BSc Eng. works. Findings: Contemporary higher education must be directed to educate students according to needs of employers. In order to be up to these needs, a new technology should be presented and used during realization of syllabus. Moreover, the students should solve the real problems from industry. Practical implications: Working on real industrial problems and developing models introduce a new trend in practical teaching. Student involved in the project gets skills in engineering by completing the tasks from an idea to a working model. Originality/value: All of the projects presented in the paper have been made by the students according to their original concepts. In the Institute of Engineering Processes Automation and Integrated Manufacturing Systems the emphasis is put on these tasks, which are realized within the confines of diploma thesis, semestral works or researches with employees of the Institute.

15

Model of automated computer aided NC machine tools programming

Balic J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2006

|

Vol. 17, nr 1-2

309--312

EN

Purpose: Modern companies tend towards the greatest possible automation in all areas. The new control concepts of manufacturing processes required development of adequate tools for the introduction of automated control in a certain area. The paper presents such system for automated programming of CNC machine tools. Design/methodology/approach: The system is based on the previously incorporated know-how and the rules of it implementation in tool – shop. The existing manufacturing knowledge of industry tool production was collected and analysing. On this bases flow chart of all activities were made. Theoretical contribution is made in systemization of technological knowledge, which is now accessible for all workers in NC preparation units. Findings: Utilization of technology knowledge. On the basis of the recognized properties it has worked out the algorithms with which the process of manufacture, the tool and the optimum parameters selected are indirectly determined, whereas the target function was working out of the NC programme. We can first out that with information approaching of the CAM and CAPP the barriers between them, strict so far, disappear. Research limitations/implications: Till now, the system is limited to milling, drilling and similar operation. It could be extended to other machining operations (turning, grinding, wire cutting, etc.) with the same procedure. In advanced, some methods of artificial intelligence could be use. Practical implications: It is suitable for industry tools, dies and moulds production, while the system was proved in the real tool shop (production of tools for casting). The system reduces the preparation time of NC programs and could be used with any commercial available CAD/CAM/NC programming systems. Human errors are avoid or at lover level. It is important for engineers in CAD/CAM field and in tool – shops. Originality/value: The developed system is original and was not found in the literature or in the praxis. Developed method for preparation of NC programs is new and incorporate higher level of automation.

16

Implementation of a tolerance model in a computer aided design and inspection system

Hunter R., Guzman M., Möller J., Perez J.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2006

|

Vol. 17, nr 1-2

345--348

EN

Purpose: Purpose of this paper is present a detailed framework to integrate the Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Inspection (CAI) systems through the integration of the Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) with the inspection process in coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). Design/methodology/approach: The approach used to develop a prototype of a Knowledge Based System (KBS) applied to inspection process establishes a new methodology for integrate the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T). The integration is achieved through the definition of the knowledge units for functional properties of GD&T, inspection resources and inspection operations in a common knowledge model. The manufacturing and processing applications are the main topics approach of this paper. Findings: The findings are focused in modeling the features and interactions between knowledge units associated to topology, geometry and tolerances with the inspection process activities. The implementation of the product knowledge model is presented in a computer platform that extracts and represents the GD&T information in a CAI system. Research limitations/implications: The implications are focused on the automation of the inspection process in a KBS application. The future research is focused on the use of artificial intelligent technique, such as genetic algorithms and neural networks, to optimize the time to execute the inspection process. Practical implications: The main outcomes and implication of the KBS prototype application are focused on the reduction of the time spend to develop the inspection process. This KBS application provides the needed information to elaborate this process without the human interface. Originality/value: The original value of this paper is the integration of the design and inspection specification in a unique prototype application. The knowledge model has been defined in a common modeling language (UML) and can be implemented in different informatics platforms.

17

Teoretyczne podstawy inżynierii informacji. Cz. 3

Sienkiewicz P.

Zeszyty Naukowe AON

|

2004

|

nr 1(54)

65--70

EN

The article presents elements of information engineering and economics discussed in the context of the development of global information society, There has been used the notion of infozone for which the rationalisation of information supply and demand that creates a global information market has a profound importance.