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Indication of the Target Alternative Fuel for Shipping

Herdzik Jerzy

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2022

Vol. 16, no 4

48--55

he article presents the regulations of the International Maritime Organization aimed at reducing carbon dioxide emissions from international shipping. One of the main objectives is to search the alternative to fossil fuels. The main problem is the lack of indication of the target fuel for shipping. The current changes, forced by international regulations, are made by the decisions of shipowners who themselves are looking for an alternative fuel that will enable them to continue their activities. Attempts have been made to use fuels considered as transient, which will be used in the perspective of about 10 years. However, this is too short a time compared to the life of the ship (20-30 years). This will force another change in the type of fuel used on ships still in operation, which will result in additional costs associated with the adaptation of the ship’s power plant fuel systems to a different type of fuel. The article evaluates the changes that currently taking place. Scenarios of the most likely directions of changes in a perspective of 2050 have been indicated.

Examination of the biofiltration of air polluted with methyl isobutyl ketone

Wieczorek A., Przybulewska K.

Environment Protection Engineering

2012

Vol. 38, nr 1

51-58

Biofiltration used for reduction of pollutant atmospheric emissions is difficult to design and hence experimental information about the course of fragmentary processes is still required. Researchers' efforts are thus oriented on the extension of knowledge about them as well as on attempts to generalise the phenomenon's description. This paper presents results of the measurement of biofiltration of the air polluted with methyl isobutyl ketone. Examinations were carried out in a biofilter column, 190 mm in diameter and 1400 mm high. Biofiltration bed, with a volume of 31.5 dm3, was composed of pine bark and compost from urban-industrial waste. Methyl isobutyl ketone concentrations were within the range of 70-770 mg/m3, while superficial flow rate was from 2.16 to 2.35 cm/s. The obtained air treatment degree was 9-100%, while maximum biofiltration rate amounted to 54 g/(m 3źh).