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The Investigation of Carbon Monoxide Concentration at Selected Areas in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Nayan Nasir, Hashim Mohmadisa, Saleh Yazid, Mahat Hanifah, Said Zahid Mat, Suhaili Samsudin, Luyan Madeline Henry

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 3

221--232

EN

This study aims to study carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (FTKL), which involves primary data through field studies with a quantitative approach. The CO sampling method involves 12 observation stations covering six main zones for eight days. Data are collected twice a day at night and day between 01:00 - 04:00 AM and 1:00 - 4:00 PM. The duration of the sampling is 30 minutes for one sample. Sampling time may vary for stations but still within the stipulated time. The instrument to measure CO is the Model Carbon Monoxide meter AS700A. The Analysis is descriptive. The findings show that the lowest value at night is stations 3 and 10, with an average concentration value of 5 parts per million (ppm). Simultaneously, the highest CO value in the afternoon is at station 1 and station 4, with a concentration of 12 ppm. The overall average at each station is high, between 7 to 12 ppm. Most stations show readings exceeding the WHO’s standard (5 ppm/hour). However, CO’s concentration is considerably under control because it does not exceed the standard limits of NAAQS and DOE. Overall, CO concentrations are higher in the day than in the morning and on weekdays than on weekends. In conclusion, vehicle increase significantly contributes to increased CO concentrations in Kuala Lumpur. The proactive and effective measures to reduce the well-being of life to maintain human health and the environment.

2

Smart City idea: use of people's opinions on the environmental threats for intelligent management of the city

Ignac-Nowicka Jolanta, Zarebinska Danuta, Kaniak Wojciech

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

140--150

EN

Managing the natural environment in the city is an important element of city management. Smart city authorities should take into account the opinion of residents about the comfort of living in the urban environment management strategy. A very important element of the natural environment in the city is air quality, which significantly affects the comfort of living in the city. The article presents surveys of opinions of the residents of a selected city in Silesia in Poland. The respondents' knowledge on the sources of air pollution in the city, the perceived health effects resulting from polluted atmospheric air and the expectations of residents towards the city authorities were examined using the anonymous questionnaire method. Residents' behavior in the situation of increased air pollution was also examined. On the basis of surveys, prophylactic pro-ecological activities were identified with the highest degree of acceptance of the local community as potential directions of urban environment management. The implementation of such activities, taking into account the opinions and preferences of the residents, is part of the co-management of the intelligent city.

3

Redukcja zanieczyszczeń do atmosfery - problem CO2 w ciepłownictwie (dokończenie)

Regulski B.

Ciepłownictwo, Ogrzewnictwo, Wentylacja

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2008

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R. 39, nr 12

3-7

4

Charakterystyka podstawowych form konstrukcyjnych układów podtrzymywania parametrów atmosfery w obiektach hiperbarycznych

Olejnik A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej

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2004

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R. 45 nr 2 (157)

109-116

PL

W artykule przedstawiono techniczne sposoby utrzymania parametrów atmosfery w obiektach hiperbarycznych podczas realizacji ekspozycji ciśnieniowych z wykorzystaniem różnych czynników oddechowych.

EN

The paper presents technical ways of maintaining atmosphere parameters in hyperbaric objects during exposition to pressure, using various breathing agents.

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Modelowanie heterogenicznych reakcji związków organicznych w atmosferze

Isidorov V., Jaroszyńska J.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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1998

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[Z] 52, 7-8

569-586

EN

Any organic substances emitted from various sources into the oxygen-containing atmosphere are subjected to oxidation in sunlight-initiated reactions. The role of various processes in the sinks is different and inconstant because it depends not only on the physico-chemical properties of specific compounds but also on varying environmental conditions, solar radiation level, the content of anthropogenic pollutants and dust in the atmosphere, aerosol particles composition, etc. [1-3]. A fundamental property of the Earth's atmosphere is its heterogeneity. Billions of tons of continuosly renewed, finely dispersed material of tremendous surface and excess free energy are annually emitted into it. Aerosol particles formed during weathering of the Earth's crust mainly consist of minerals based on silica (pyroxene, epidote, mica, quartz, etc.) as well as apatite, magnetite, ilmenite, etc. [13-15]. The particles of NaCl and KCl in the sea aerosol contain as inclusion in the crystalline lattice the atoms of many metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, etc.) [9]. This composition of the main components of natural aerosol ensures the appearance of impurity conductivity upon irradiation with light in the near UV or even in the visible spectral regions (Tab.3). As a results of irradiation, various active centres (free radicals and ions) are formed on the particles, thus ensuring the possibility of photochemosorption of volatile components [16-21]. Therefore, there is no doubt that the surface of solid particles of atmospheric aerosol should serve as an arena on which various chemical transformations with the participation of sorbed components take place (Tab. 5). The results of laboratory investigations of the oxidation of isoprene, monoterpenes [43-45, 47], aromatic hydrocarbons [36, 44-46, 48, 50-52] and halocarbons [27, 28, 30] on particles of metal oxides, desert sand, volcanic ash, sea salt, and calcium carbonate are reported. The only gaseous oxidation product was CO2, however, a broad spectrum of intermediates is detected on the particle surface. The values of rate constants for heterogeneous oxidation of different organic compounds indicate that these reactions can compete with gas-phase oxidation and, hence, deserve attention as a possible sink of Corg in the atmosphere [48, 58-60].

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Wpływ zanieczyszczenia atmosferycznego na niszczenie kamiennych budowli zabytkowych na Górnym Śląsku

Labus M.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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1998

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Vol. 24, no. 1

17-26

PL

Niszczenie kamiennych elementów budowlanych uzależnione jest od wielu czynników, zarówno naturalnych jak i antropogenicznych. Wśród tych ostatnich za jeden z najistotniejszych uznaje się wpływ zanieczyszczeń powietrza. Powodują one wzrost obecności w skałach produktów ich chemicznej korozji- m.in.soli rozpuszczalnych w wodzie. Podjęto badania próbek skał: piaskowców, wapieni i granitoidów, pochodzących z czterech budowli zabytkowych zlokalizowanych na terenie GOP i dodatkowo z ruin zamku w Mirowie (woj.częstochowskie). W wyniku analiz wykonanych za pomocą mikroanalizatora rentgenowskiego, uzupełnionych o wyniki badań mikroskopii polaryzacyjnej i rentgenografii w strefach przypowierzchniowych skał, stwierdzono obecność licznych soli, szczególnie siarczanów i chlorków, w mniejszych ilościach węglanów i soli złożonych . Na powierzchniach materiałów budowlanych zaobserwowano również silne zabrudzenia, złożone z sadzy i pyłów przemysłowych.

EN

The weathering of stone structural elements is caused several purposes, including natural and anthropogenic ones. Within the last mentioned, the air pollution is considered as the most serious one. Acid atmospheric precipitations have caused chemical corrosion: the increase of salts soluble contents in stone. Sandstone, limestone and eratic granite have been studied. Samples have been taken from four ancient buildings located in the Upper Silesia Industrial Region, and one in Częstochowa voivodeship - the ruins of the Mirów castle. Electron X-ray microanalysis were performed, supported by thin section microscopial and X-ray (DSH) analysis. In the weathering crusts some salts, especially sulfates and chlorides, in less degree carbonates and complex salts have been determined. The dark zones on the stones surface consists of soot and dust.