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Assessing the asymmetry of free gait in healthy young subjects

Kaczmarczyk K., Błażkiewicz M., Wit A., Wychowański M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

2017

Vol. 19, no. 3

101--106

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to derive reference values for a four-level scale intended to evaluate variation in free gait asymmetry measurements in healthy subjects. Methods: This evaluation is based on kinetic values for the left and right lower limbs during gait, registered with advanced measurement systems and assessed using the symmetry index (SI) developed by Robinson. Results: For the majority of parameters, the SI does not follow normal distribution. As such, quartile values were used to create intervals for a four-step scale of assessing symmetry of free gait in healthy subjects for each studied gait parameter. The SI rating intervals were from 0% (very good symmetry) to 21.2% (very poor symmetry) for kinetic parameters. The poorest symmetry was observed for horizontal force F3. Conclusions: The four-step scale of assessing symmetry in free gait in healthy subjects can be used in diagnosing gait disorders, devising surgical treatment strategies, and monitoring the rehabilitation process. Reference values for intervals of symmetry indicators in healthy subjects can be used as criteria for comparing individuals with/without disabilities.

Quantification of gait asymmetry in patients with ankle foot orthoses based on hip–hip cyclograms

Kutilek P., Socha V., Viteckova S., Svoboda Z.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2014

Vol. 34, no. 1

46--52

Our work focuses on a new approach of studying asymmetry in walking based on the orientation of the synchronized bilateral hip–hip cyclograms. Patients with foot drop were included in the study and were asked to walk without an orthosis, and with foot-up splint, calf mounted support strap and ankle wrap. The hip–hip cyclograms were created to quantify gait asymmetry before and immediately after the application of ankle foot orthoses. This approach has never been applied before to study the gait asymmetry in patients with ankle foot orthoses. In order to quantify the gait asymmetry, we have tested the application of the approach based on the inclination angle of the synchronized hip–hip cyclograms. The symmetry index was used as a comparative method to evaluate the symmetry of bipedal walking. The results indicate the correlation between the symmetry index and inclination angle of the synchronized hip–hip cyclograms. The methods based on the inclination angle and symmetry index show slightly different results because the symmetry index depends on discrete variables and is unable to reflect the asymmetry as it evolves over a complete gait cycle. The inclination angle of the hip–hip cyclogram depends on the complete gait cycle. Except for the inclination angles of patients with the support strap, the results show that the new approach did not identify significant improvement in the gait symmetry after the application of the orthoses. The approach based on the orientation of the hip–hip cyclograms can be used as an additional approach for determining the gait asymmetry.