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1 2003

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Odrodzenie astronomii ptolemejskiej we Włoszech w XIV-XV w. Wpływ na wczesne prace Kopernika tablice planetarne w uppsalskim „zeszycie” Kopernika (kodeks Copernicana 4)

Rosińska G.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2003

R. 48, nr 3/4

33--56

One of the most interesting codices from Copernicus’s book collection preserved at the University Library (Carolina Rediviva) in Uppsala, shelf mark Copemicana 4, contains, apart from the incunabula editions of the Alphonsine astronomical tables and Regiomontanus’s Tabulae directionum, also the planetary tables (Tabulae latitudinum planetarum) written down by Copernicus on attached sheets of paper - the so called „Uppsala notebook“ - bound together with the prints materials. The codex was of the most important tools used by Copernicus in his work, beginning from his studies at the University of Cracow (1491-1495?) until almost the end of his life. As for the handwritten tables of the latitude of planets, being a testimony of Copernicus’s early astronomical interests, they constitute an important source for the study of the reception of Ptolemy’s mathematical astronomy in the Renaissance Europe, on the one hand, and of the genesis of Copernicus’s heliocentric system on the other. The research on the sources of „Copernicus’s“ tables was conducted in Cracow and in Italy (astronomical manuscripts from the circle of the University of Padua). It confirmed that Copernicus rearranged the tables of the latitudes of planets known in the 15th century as the tables by Giovanni Bianchini (ca. 1400 - ca. 1470) an astronomer from Ferrara. Actually, Bianchini himself derived them from the tables by Giovanni de Dondi (d. 1389), an astronomer from Padua. Finally, most probably, de Dondi based his tables not directly on Ptolemy’s tables but on the tables calculated by Al-Battani (ca. 850-929) on the base of the Ptolemean parameters, which had been known in Europe since the 12th century, thanks to the translation from Arabic into Latin of Al-Battani’s Opus astronomicum.