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Przykład zastosowania rachunku wyrównawczego oraz astronomii geodezyjnej w klimatologii

Adamczewski Z., Larsen L.

Przegląd Geodezyjny

2003

R. 75, nr 10

10-12

Obserwatorium astronomiczno-geodezyjne w Borowej Górze

Moskwiński M., Dobrzycka M

Prace Instytutu Geodezji i Kartografii

1998

T. 45, z. 96

7--18

W artykule podany jest rys historyczny, okoliczności powstania Obserwatorium, losy wojenne i etapy rozwoju do chwili obecnej.

Astronomical Observatory in Borowa Góra was established after First World War, when task o f setting basic framework for the whole country at uniform coordinate system was assigned to the Polish Geodetical Service. According to the parliament act o f April 25, 1925 the Ministry o f Public Works was responsible for all works related to this task execution. Borowa Góra station, located at central part o f Poland, was selected as the main point o f astronomical -geodetical network. At the same time, being the tangent point o f geoid and reference ellipsoid, the station served as the origin o f „Borowa Gora” coordinate system. This was obligatoiy in geodetical works until „1942” and „1965” coordinate systems were implemented. First measurements at „Borowa Gora” point, aiming at determination o f its geographic coordinates, were started in 1929. The works conducted at the gradually developing Observatory were interrupted at the beginning o f the WorldWarin 1939. Instruments and all equipment o f the laboratory were robed by German occupation authorities, while the building was occupied by German military post. The observatory building and autdoor constructions were almost completely destroyed during passing front in 1944. After the war the Observatory was rebuilt and developed; it served, as previously, for executing works related to setting and unification o f triangulation network within the changed boundaries o f Poland. In 1963, after several years' preparations, examination o f irregularity o f the Earth rotation was started. Observatory joined international geodynamic programs developed successively following the progress in measuring techniques, especially through the application o f satellite methods. Photographic camera satellite observations were conducted from 1972 to 1977; continuous observations using Doppler receiver were carried out from 1984 to 1990 and, since 1996 GPS Ashtech ZXII3 receiver is in use. At the same time Borowa Gora Observatory was incorporated into the network of the permanent European stations (GPS Permanent EUREF Network program) and in 1997 it joined the EUVN program (European Vertical Reference Network). The Observatory in Borowa Gora also takes part in the other global, regional and local programs and campaings.