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1 Załuski D.

1 2004

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Załuski D.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

2004

R. 101, z. 2-A

513--520

All over Europe we can observe the Renaissance of Train Transport as fast means of public transport. While rail lines are rebuilt, often relocated underground, new valuable downtown areas are possessed (Amsterdam, Hague, Barcelona, Berlin, Stuttgart, Munich). New railway stations are built as well as many old ones are modernised. These stations regain the position of great integration junctions and therefore form structures resembling hypermarkets or cinema complexes. Train station, as the main function of these structures, is only an addition to enormous centres of shopping, entertainment, gastronomy and office, conference and hotel edifices (Euralille in Lille, La Defense in Paris, Charing Cross in London, Gare de Perrache in Lyon, Vasaterminalen in Stockholm, Ostbahnhof and Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Nyugati in Budapest, Hauptbahnhof Potsdam). In these structures new urban spaces emerge - spaces of travel, that are visited by contemporary citizens more often than public spaces of a traditional city. This space is not available for all, events are controlled and the atmosphere is created beforehand. Cleanness, security, clarity of information, recurrent procedures are to be found here. Architecture of these buildings sufficiently satisfies the need for socially anonymous, thematic and private space that enables passage of many passengers. These new spatial forms need a different designing approach than the traditional one. Major factors of designing integration junctions should be: organising and coordinating passenger and vehicle passage, mutable function, positive cash flow and temporary events. Therefore such architecture ought to be multifunctional, multilayer, convertible, mobile and dynamic in its integrity. Above undertakings have not yet been fully reflected in structures of Polish cities. Although spontaneous and uncontrolled rebuilding of Polish railway stations can be observed since the nineties of XX century, a fully coordinate processes of revitalisation has not yet been founded. Experiences of other European countries described in the article could be used as helpful design advices for polish rail.