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Nanostructure effect on the electrochemical response of titanium

Sotniczuk A., Zwolińska M., Sozańska M., Królikowski A., Garbacz H.

Inżynieria Materiałowa

2016

Vol. 37, nr 6

311--316

The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of nanostructure on titanium corrosion resistance in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). In order to obtain the nanostructure the titanium rod was processed through multiple hydrostatic extrusion (HE). Corrosion tests included electrochemical impedance (EIS) and potentiodynamic (PD) measurements. EIS tests were performed after 2 and 24 hours of immersion in 0.9% NaCl. Potentiodynamic measurements were carried out immediately after the last impedance test. Profilometric examination was used to check whether the samples were equally prepared for corrosion measurements. After corrosion tests a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the surface. Corrosion tests revealed the positive influence of nanostructure on titanium corrosion resistance. Moreover, the differences observed were larger in the case of a shorter time of immersion in physiological saline. Hence, it might be surmised that the rate of the passivation process depends on titanium grain size. The microscopic characterization of the surfaces of samples after the corrosion test indicated differences in the surface morphology. The passive film formed on the nanocrystalline sample was more compact and homogenous than on the microcrystalline one. The different number of structural defects in micro- and nanocrystalline titanium might be the reason for the observed phenomena. Due to their higher energy, structural defects could be preferential sites for the nucleation of passive layers. Consequently, the rate of passivation should be higher for nanocrystalline materials. Furthermore, the high volume fraction of structural defects also explained the existence of more tight and uniform passive layer on the nanocrystalline titanium. Good corrosion resistance in physiological saline means that nanotitanium could be an attractive material for biomedical applications.

Celem pracy była analiza wpływu nanostruktury na odporność korozyjną tytanu w roztworze soli fizjologicznej (0,9% NaCl). Zakres pracy obejmował badania korozyjne materiału mikrokrystalicznego i w stanie nanokrystalicznym. Nanokrystaliczny tytan uzyskano metodą wyciskania hydrostatycznego. Przedstawiono również opis budowy warstw pasywnych po przeprowadzonych próbach korozyjnych.

Fabrication of ternary Ca-Mg-Zn bulk metallic glasses

Nowosielski R., Borowski A., Guwer A., Babilas R.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

2013

Vol. 56, nr 2

67--74

Purpose: The paper describes the preparation, structure and thermal properties of ternary Ca-Mg-Zn bulk metallic glass in form of as-cast rods. Design/methodology/approach: The investigations on the ternary Ca-Mg-Zn glassy rods were conducted by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). Findings: The X-ray diffraction investigations have revealed that the studied as-cast rod was amorphous. The fractures of studied alloy could be classified as mixed fracture with indicated “river” and “smooth” fractures. Both type of the fracture surfaces consist of weakly formed “river” and “shell” patterns and “smooth” regions. The “river” patterns are characteristic for metallic glassy alloys. Practical implications: The studied Ca-based bulk metallic glasses is a relatively new group of material. Ca-based bulk metallic glasses are applied for many applications in different elements. Ca-based bulk metallic glasses have many unique properties such as low density (~2.0 g/cm³), low Youn g’s modulus ( ~20 to 30 GPa). The elastic modulus of Ca-b ased BMGs is comparable to that of hum an bone s, and Ca, Mg, and Zn are biocompatible. These features make the Ca-Mg-Zn–based alloys attractive for use in biomedical applications. Originality/value: Fabrication of amorphous alloy in the form of rod ternary Ca-Mg-Zn alloy by pressure die casting method.

Koncepcja zastosowania XML do przetwarzania danych zebranych przez system wykrywania zaburzeń widzenia barw

Laskowski M.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

2012

R. 58, nr 11

947-949

W pracy przedstawiono koncepcję wykorzystania XML do zebrania i uporządkowania danych z pochodzących z aplikacji biomedycznych badających prawidłowość widzenia barwnego, jak również możliwości ich wykorzystania do automatycznego diagnozowania rodzaju i typu ślepoty barw. W pracy omówiono również przykłady analizy i zastosowania zebranych informacji, m.in. w postaci publikowania ich w postaci ogólnodostępnego kanału RSS czy generowania wykresów w formacie SVG.

The paper discusses the importance of proper detection of color vision disorders, not only in professional [5, 13, 17], but also in everyday life [14, 15] and describes the interactive method for detecting colorblindness shown in Fig. 1. This method can be used both as a diagnostic tool (e.g. for improving the process of medical examination of candidates for drivers [13]) or for creating the database containing information about people with color vision disorders, allowing further research on the subject. The latter is especially important concerning all introduced or planned legal regulations on granting access to public information for anyone regardless of any criteria (e.g. disability) [11]. The author analyses the usage of XML for sharing data gathered by applications using the described interactive method for detecting color vision disorders. The possibilities of using other means offered by the XML standard, such as RSS channels or generating SVG charts are also discussed.