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Effect of antifouling paints and nautical tourism on the sustainability of marine environment in the case of the village ports of a small Island

Ivče R., Paparić D., Zekić A., Škapul M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2020

Vol. 14. no. 3

701--707

The problem of underwater hull fouling has been mostly noticed by the pleasure boat owners when reducing the boat speed. In order to decrease the fouling of the underwater part of the hull, antifouling paints have been used. Some kinds of antifouling paints have become a serious environmental problem due to its very harmful effect on marine organisms and also, indirectly, on humans. Scientific research conducted in this domain has confirmed contamination by toxic compounds as a result of the usage of antifouling paints over long period of time. The paper is focused on underwater hull maintenance, especially when applying antifouling systems on pleasure crafts owned by tourists and local residents, in the example of the village ports of a small island. A survey was conducted among the residents who use ports to determine their knowledge regarding the harmful effects of biocidal coatings and the possible harmless maintenance of the underwater hull part. This paper aims to indicate the necessary equipment and procedures in the two small local ports in order to maintain pleasure boats in environmentally acceptable manner.

Organotins used in antifouling paints: environmental impact and contamination in a case study (Southern Venice Lagoon)

Berto D., Boscolo R., Cacciatore F., Giani M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2006

Vol. 35, No.3

269-283

Butyltins, including tributyltin (TBT), are widely used as biocides in antifouling paints. Evidence of the damaging effect of organotin (OTs) compounds on the reproduction and growth of various marine organisms has prompted action by many countries to regulate or ban their use in antifouling products. Organotin chemical and physical characteristics, toxicity and their use in antifouling paints are described in this article. TBT concentrations in seawater were investigated in the Southern Venice Lagoon as a case study, and results indicated the continuous use of TBT-based antifouling paints.

Pathways and determinations of organometallic compounds in the marine environment with a particular emphasis on organotin

Radke B., Namieśnik J., Bolałek J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

2003

Vol. 32, No. 3

43-71

Organometallic compounds are widely used in almost all sectors of industry. Some organometallic compounds are very potent toxins. Human activity releases organometallic compounds into the natural environment where they undergo various changes through compoundenvironment interactions. These compounds have a negative impact on living organisms. The most widespread, man-made organometallic compounds present in the natural environment are those of tin, mercury and lead.