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1

Opady w 2010 roku w Krakowie na tle wielolecia 1863-2010

Woźniak A.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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2012

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Z. 3-4

407-420

PL

W pracy scharakteryzowano warunki pluwialne w Krakowie w 2010 r. na tle wielolecia w powiązaniu z cyrkulacją atmosferyczną w Polsce Południowej według T. Niedźwiedzia. Podstawę badań stanowiły sumy opadów dobowych z 2010 r. oraz sumy miesięczne i liczba dni z opadem o różnej wielkości z wielolecia 1863-2010. Wykazano, że suma roczna opadów w Krakowie w 2010 r. była najwyższa od roku 1863 i stanowiła aż 166% średniej sumy wieloletniej. Opady w 6 miesiącach (od maja do września i w listopadzie) były anomalnie wysokie, a tylko w październiku były anomalnie niskie. Największa suma była w maju – 285 mm, co stanowi 386% średniej sumy wieloletniej, a wkład tej sumy miesięcznej do rocznej z 2010 wyniósł aż 25%. W maju było też najwięcej dni z opadem – 27. Przyczyną wystąpienia tak wysokich opadów była zwiększona częstość cyklonalnych typów cyrkulacji z sektora północnego oraz sytuacja bruzdy cyklonalnej.

EN

The paper compares pluvial conditions in Krakow in 2010 to the period 1863-2010 and links them to the atmospheric circulation in southern Poland according to T. Niedźwiedź. Daily precipitation totals in 2010 as well as monthly totals and numbers of days with precipitation of various amounts during the long-term period were used. The annual precipitation in Krakow in 2010 was shown to be greater than in 1863 and equal to 166% of the long-term average. Abnormally high precipitation was recorded in six months of that year (May-September and November) and only October was abnormally dry. The greatest monthly total was recorded in May at 285 mm, which was equivalent to 386% of the long-term average and contributed 25% of the 2010 annual total. May also had the largest number of wet days at 27. This abnormally heavy precipitation was caused by an increased frequency of cyclonic circulation types with northern advection and of the cyclonic trough.

2

Anomalne sumy opadów atmosferycznych w wybranych stacjach Lubelszczyzny

Mrugała S.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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2007

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Z. 2

115-120

PL

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę anomalnych opadów atmosferycznych w wybranych 7 stacjach (synoptycznych i klimatycznych) położonych na obszarze Lubelszczyzny i w bezpośrednim jej sąsiedztwie. Określono granice anomalii opadowej (w mm i w % średniej sumy opadów w miesiącu i roku), obliczono częstość występowania miesięcy z opadami anomalnymi i dodatkowo współczynnik zmienności opadów atmosferycznych. Materiał wyjściowy stanowiły miesięczne i roczne sumy opadów z lat 1951-1990. Do określenia anomalii opadowej zastosowano metodę zaproponowaną przez autora.

EN

The study presents a characterization of anomalous atmospheric precipitation in seven selected station (synoptic and climatic) of the Lublin region and its direct neighborhood. It determines the limits of the anomalous precipitation (in millimeters and as percentage of the mean precipitation sum in month and year) and calculates frequency of occurrence of the months with anomalous precipitation and variability rate of atmospheric precipitation. The point of departure were the monthly and yearly amounts of precipitation from the years 1951-1990. To determine the precipitation anomalous a method proposed by the author was used.

3

Opady normalne i anomalne w Krakowie w latach 1850-1998. [Komunikat]

Twardosz R.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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2000

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Z. 2

171-182

EN

The paper presents an analysis of annual distribution of normal precipitation and frequency of pre-cipitation anomalies in Cracow. Annual and monthly precipitation totals from the Climatological Station of the Jagiellonian University from the years 1850-1998 were used. The method of S.Mrugała (1977) was applied in order to determine the norm and anomalies of precipitation. Long-time regularities of anomalies as well as correlation between periods with precipitation above and below norm on the one hand and synoptic situations according to classification of T.Niedźwiedź (1999) on the other were determined. Considerable differentiation of normal and anomalous precipitation was pointed out, both in the annual and long-term course. Negative anomalies are more frequent and last longer than the posi-tive ones both in a year and in particular months. It was determined that the sign of the annual precipitation anomaly depends on the distribution of frequency of anomalies in particular months. Such relations turned out to be strongest in case of below norm precipitation, when the frequency of negative anomalies was predominating in all the months, while in June and August only negative anomalies took place. The occurrence of anomalous periods is conditioned by the kind of synoptic situation. It was calcu-lated that during the periods of negative precipitation anomalies there is an increase of frequency of anticyclonic situations (Ka and WA), while positive precipitation anomalies correspond to the growth of frequency of cyclonic situations (Wc, Bc, Nc).

4

Opady atmosferyczne o anomalnej wysokości (na przykładzie Warszawy i Lublina)

Kossowska-Cezak U., Mrugała S.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

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1999

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Z. 1-2

39-51

EN

Authors proposed a new method of establishing normal and anomalous sums of monthly precipitation. The upper limit of 'normal precipitation' class is the mean value of monthly sums above average, the lower limit is the mean value of monthly sums below average. The precipitation conditions in Warsaw and Lublin in the period 1951-1995 are analysed with use this method. It was stated, that months with negative anomaly are more often than months with positive one. The 'anomalous months' are single or make sequence 2 or 3 months, and rarely longer ones. During the months with anomalous low precipitation the anticyclonic circulation types are predominant, especially from eastern sector. During the months with anomalous high precipitation the cyclonic circulation types are prevailing, especially the types from northern sector, although high convective rains are also possible during anticyclonic circulation types. The positive anomaly only in Warsaw is more probable during atmospheric circulation from West and North-West and only in Lublin during the circulation from North-East.