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1

The gravel pit lakes' water quality, their aquatic ecosystem function, and the effects of environmental changes in northern Poland

Hetmański Tomasz, Jarosiewicz Anna, Jankowiak Łukasz

Studia Quaternaria

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2023

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Vol. 40, Nr 2

57--66

EN

Water quality is an important factor to determine a development of living organisms, including the presence of amphibians. It this article we compared the water quality of both, natural infield reservoirs in areas with intensive cultivation of cereals and the recently created reservoirs in the gravel pits in Central Pomerania, northern Poland. We tested all the physico-chemical properties that may impact species richness and reproductive success of amphibians. We observed that gravel ponds were better oxygenated, with higher pH and conductivity, and were less fertile in nutrients. In Pomerania, the water reservoirs in gravel pits had better breeding conditions than in-field ponds with higher total nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations. There are many scientific papers identifying a negative role of sand and gravel mines, including a release of heavy metals from sediments, a high non-metalic minerals concentration, a destruction of native species of vegetation and occurrence of alien species. Therefore, we should be careful in assessing the role of newly emerging reservoirs in sand and gravel mines. The purpose of our research is to show that sand/gravel mines can be used to protect nature and that they can have also a positive impact. Few previous studies indicate that they may be a favorable place for creating new breeding sites for amphibians, which may ultimately help to preserve species in the face of environmental pollution and climate change.

2

Versatile rescue and transport vehicle

Kurpas M., Szafraniec A.

Szybkobieżne Pojazdy Gąsienicowe

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2017

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nr 3 (45)

77--90

EN

The article presents a concept of a tracked floating vehicle intended for, inter alia, the transport of fire fighting containers to places inaccessible to ordinary wheeled vehicles. The vehicle could also be a means of evacuating people, animals and equipment from disaster-stricken areas. It would serve the services supervised by the Crisis Management Centre, including the fire brigades. The vehicle's specific features include the ability to negotiate rubbles and boggy land and to float. The container self-loading system allows for autonomy and independence of the vehicle from lifting equipment. Use of composite construction materials significantly reduces the weight of the vehicle.

3

Uniwersalny pojazd ratowniczo-transportowy

Kurpas M., Szafraniec A.

Szybkobieżne Pojazdy Gąsienicowe

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2017

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nr 3 (45)

5--17

PL

W artykule przedstawiono koncepcję gąsienicowego, pływającego pojazdu przeznaczonego m.in. do transportu kontenerów pożarniczych w miejsca niedostępne dla zwykłych pojazdów kołowych. Pojazd mógłby być również środkiem ewakuacji ludzi, zwierząt i sprzętu z terenów dotkniętych klęską żywiołową. Stanowiłby wyposażenie służb podległych Centrom Zarządzania Kryzysowego, w tym jednostek straży pożarnej. Cechą charakterystyczną pojazdu jest zdolność do pokonywania zawałów, terenów grząskich i do pływania. Wyposażenie pojazdu w układ samozaładowczy kontenerów pozwala uzyskać autonomię i uniezależnienie od urządzeń dźwigowych. Zastosowanie kompozytów, jako materiału konstrukcyjnego, pozwoli na istotne zmniejszenie masy wozu.

EN

The article presents a concept of a tracked floating vehicle intended for, inter alia, the transport of fire fighting containers to places inaccessible to ordinary wheeled vehicles. The vehicle could also be a means of evacuating people, animals and equipment from disaster-stricken areas. It would serve the services supervised by the Crisis Management Centre, including the fire brigades. The vehicle's specific features include the ability to negotiate rubbles and boggy land and to float. The container self-loading system allows for autonomy and independence of the vehicle from lifting equipment. Use of composite construction materials significantly reduces the weight of the vehicle.

4

Próba wykorzystania populacji wybranych płazów do oceny jakości środowiska gruntowo-wodnego na terenach użytkowanych rolniczo

Brysiewicz A.

Ochrona Środowiska

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2016

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Vol. 38, nr 4

13--19

PL

Wśród organizmów bytujących w środowisku gruntowo-wodnym, bardzo wrażliwą na zmiany jakości wody grupę zwierząt stanowią płazy. Te ważne bioindykatory środowiska gruntowo-wodnego należą do kręgowców najbardziej zagrożonych wyginięciem. W związku z tym podjęto próbę oceny stanu populacji płazów na wybranym obszarze użytkowanym rolniczo, analizując jakość wód powierzchniowych w zbiornikach będących ich siedliskami, a także wód gruntowych z sąsiednich terenów rolnych. Biomonitoring jakości środowiska gruntowo-wodnego obejmował dwa siedliska płazów na obszarach gminy Stare Czarnowo (woj. zachodniopomorskie, Polska). Przeprowadzone analizy składu wód powierzchniowych i wód gruntowych wykazały dobry stan jakości siedlisk płazów, co potwierdziło liczne występowanie tych zwierząt. W obu siedliskach dominowały żaby zielone (P. lessonae/P. esculentus) i żaby brunatne (R. arvalis). Współczynnik podobieństwa Jaccarda wykazał zróżnicowanie badanych siedlisk, a ocena wskaźnika dogodności siedliska (HSI) dowiodła, że tylko jedno siedlisko stwarzało odpowiednie warunki do bytowania płazów. Wykazano, że nie tylko jakość wód miała znaczenie w doborze siedliska płazów, ale również inne elementy środowiskowe. Powinno to skłaniać do prowadzenia stałego biomonitoringu płazów w Polsce, ponieważ wiedza na temat ich rozmieszczenia nie jest wystarczająca.

EN

Amphibians as a group are very sensitive to water quality changes among organisms inhabiting soil-water environment. Those important bioindicators of soil-water environmemt are among the most endangered vertebrates. Therefore, an attempt was made to assess amphibian population status in the selected agricultural area. It was performed by analyzing surface water quality in the amphibian pond habitats as well as groundwater from the neighboring agricultural land. Biomonitoring of the soil-water environment quality included two selected amphibian habitats in the area of Gmina Stare Czarnowo (West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland). Content analyses of the surface and groundwaters demon-strated a good quality of amphibian habitats, confirmed by numerous amphibian occurrence. Both habitats wered dominated by green frogs (P. lessonae/P. esculentus) and brown frogs (R. arvalis). Jaccard similarity coefficient showed diversity of habitats investigated and Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) proved that only S1 was an appropriate habitat for amphibians. It was demonstrated that not only played water quality a role in amphibian habitat selection, but other environmental factors were important as well. Constant biomonitoring of amphibians in Poland would be recommended as knowledge about their distribution is still not adequate.

5

Effect of road on the distribution of amphibians in wetland area - test with model-averaged prediction

Dai Q., Wang Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2011

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Vol. 59, nr 4

813-821

EN

We studied the effects of roads on presence of Plateau brown frogs (Rana kukunoris Nikolsky, 1918) and Tibetan frogs (Nanorana pleskei Gunther, 1896) in temporary pools of Sedges dominated wetland area in eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The road is seven meter-wide, asphalt-paved with daily traffic rate about 400 vehicles. The temporary pools hold water only in summer with surface area of about 2 m2. We used logistic regression models, a theoretic information approach, and model averaging to test the effects of distance from road and depth, area and pH of pools on distribution of frogs in terms of presence/absence in 180 small pools located at 10 to 150 m from the road edge. Observed data showed that presence probabilities of both species declined in the vicinity of roads, starting at approximately 100 m away from the road edge. Model averaging based on AICc ([Sigma Omega i] = 95% confidence) indicated that both distance from road edge and its quadratic term were important predictors for explaining presence of both amphibians. Model-averaged prediction based on 95% confidence model set also revealed non-monotonic increasing curve relationships between presence probability of both amphibians and distance from road edge, even when other habitat variables were held constant. These results indicated that the road-effect zone for both amphibians extended 100 m on side of the wetland roads along which we sampled. Additionally, the results showed that water depth and water pH of pools positively influenced presence of Tibetan frogs and had highest contribution to the models. In contrast, water depth influenced presence of Plateau brown frogs negatively. It was indicated that environmental variables influence the presence of the two species of amphibians in different ways.

6

Accumulation of Heavy Metals at Early Stages of Phrynohyas resinifictrix (Goeldi) Ontogenesis

Ciągło A., Kuczkowska-Kuźniar A., Zamachowski W., Stawarz R., Formicki G.

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A

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2011

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Vol. 18, nr 5-6

673-678

EN

The research focused on an assessment of interrelations between copper, zinc, magnesium and cadmium regarding the rate of their accumulation in Phrynohyas resinifictrix organisms. Group A consisted of organisms subjected to the effect of solution containing 2 mg/dm3 Mg2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+, whereas group B to 4 mg/dm3 Mg2+, Zn2+ and 2 mg/dm3 Cd2+. Significant changes in copper and zinc concentrations were registered during the experiment. Copper content in group A was 5.97 g/g d.m. after 2 hrs and 367.521 g/g d.m. after a week (p = 0.002). In the group B copper concentration was 12.914 g/g d.m. after 2 hrs and 234.372 g/g d.m. (p = 0.013) after 2 weeks. Zinc level in group A was 282.779 g/g d.m. after 2 hrs and 750.051 g/g d.m. after a week (p = 0.003).

PL

Badania dotyczyły oceny współzależności między miedzią, cynkiem, magnezem i kadmem w odniesieniu do tempa ich kumulacji w organizmach Phrynohyas resinifictrix. Grupę A stanowiły organizmy poddane działaniu roztworu zawierającego 2 mg/dm3 Mg2+, Zn2+ i Cd2+, a grupę B 4 mg/dm3 Mg2+ i Zn2+, 2 mg/dm3 Cd2+. W czasie trwania eksperymentu stwierdzono istotne zmiany zawartości miedzi i cynku. Zawartość miedzi w grupie A wynosiła 5,97 g/g s.m. po 2 h, a po 1 tygodniu 367,521 g/g s.m. (p = 0.002). W grupie B zawartość miedzi wynosiła 12,914 g/g s.m. po 2 h, a po 2 tygodniach 234,372 g/g s.m. (p = 0,013). Poziom cynku w grupie A wynosił 282,779 g/g s.m. po 2 h i 750,051 g/g s.m. po 1 tygodniu (p = 0.003).