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1 2023

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Effect of the type of amino acid on the biodegradation of ibuprofen derivatives

Ossowicz-Rupniewska Paula Elżbieta, Kucharska Edyta, Klebeko Joanna, Kopciuch Ewelina, Bilska Karolina, Janus Ewa

Archives of Environmental Protection

2023

Vol. 49, no 4

46--69

Water pollution caused by anthropogenic activity is a huge environmental problem. Huge amounts of consumed medicinal substances cause them to get into the environment. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibuprofen, are one of the most popular drugs in the world. This article presents the biodegradation of ibuprofen and isopropyl ester salts of various amino acids. Twelve ibuprofen isopropyl esters of L-amino acids were used in the research. The obtained derivatives may be a safer and more effective alternative to ibuprofen. Biodegradation tests were carried out using activated sludge. Sewage sludge was obtained from the local sewage treatment plant in Szczecin "Pomorzany". Ibuprofen derivatives, ibuprofenates of isopropyl amino acid esters, were used for the tests. It was checked how the type of structural modification of ibuprofen affects the biodegradation of the drug used. In this publication, it was verified how the type of amino acid affects biodegradation. Our evaluation of the biodegradation of ibuprofen derivatives by bacterial cultures revealed that six compounds are attractive carbon and energy sources for the active material utilized. These compounds were readily biodegradable within 28 days. There were no straightforward relationships between the structure, properties, and biodegradability of the obtained derivatives.