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1
Content available Taguchi Approach for Optimization of Parameters that Effect Grain Size of Cast A357 Alloy
Çolak M., Dışpınar D.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 4
35--42
EN
Grain refining and modification are common foundry practice for improving properties of cast Al-Si alloys. In general, these types of treatments provide better fluidity, decreased porosity, higher yield strength and ductility. However, in practice, there are still some discrepancies on the reproducibility of the results from grain refining and effect of the refiner’s additions. Several factors include the fading effect of grain refinement and modifiers, inhomogeneous dendritic structure and non-uniform eutectic modification. In this study, standard ALCAN test was used by considering Taguchi’s experimental design techniques to evaluate grain refinement and modification efficiency. The effects of five casting parameters on the grain size have been investigated for A357 casting alloy. The results showed that the addition of the grain refiner was the most effective factor on the grain size. It was found that holding time, casting temperature, alloy type and modification with Sr were less effective over grain refinement.
2
Content available Antimony Influence on Shape of Eutectic Silicium in Al-Si Based Alloys
Bolibruchová D., Brůna M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 4
31--34
EN
Liquid AI-Si alloys are usually given special treatments before they are cast to obtain finer or modified matrix and eutectic structures, leading to improved properties. For many years, sodium additions to hypoeutectic and eutectic AI-Si melts have been recognized as the most effective method of modifying the eutectic morphology, although most of the group IA or IIA elements have significant effects on the eutectic structure. Unfortunately, many of these approaches also have associated several founding difficulties, such as fading, forming dross in presence of certain alloying elements, reduced fluidity, etc. In recent years, antimony additions to AI-Si castings have attracted considerable attention as an alternative method of refining the eutectic structure. Such additions eliminate many of the difficulties listed above and provide permanent (i.e.,non-fading) refining ability. In this paper, the authors summarize work on antimony treatment of Al-Si based alloys.
3
Content available Wybrane właściwości mechaniczne stopu ZnAl10 poddanego modyfikacji zaprawami wprowadzającymi tytan
Piwowarski G., Krajewski P. K., Buraś J., Krajewski K.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2015
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Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.
99--102
PL
Stopy Zn-Al charakteryzują się wieloma pozytywnymi cechami, między innymi zdolnością do tłumienia drgań, co stawia je w grupie tworzyw o zaawansowanych właściwościach. W stanie po odlaniu, zwłaszcza do form piaskowych stopy Zn-Al cechuje niekorzystna ze względu na właściwości plastyczne silnie dendrytyczna struktura. Aby zmienić charakterystykę wydzieleń dendrytycznych a jednocześnie rozdrobnić ziarno stosuje się zabieg modyfikowania struktury stopu. Najlepsze efekty uzyskuje się wprowadzając do ciekłego stopu obce cząstki Ti w zaprawach. W technologii stopów Zn-Al wykorzystuje się zaprawy znane z technologii stopów Al-Zn oraz nowe zaprawy Zn-Ti, które charakteryzują się bardzo dobrą rozpuszczalnością w temperaturach topienia stopów Zn-Al oraz zbliżoną gęstością. W artykule prezentowane są wyniki badań dla stopu Zn - 10%Al, który został zmodyfikowany zaprawą AlTi3C0,15 oraz zaprawą ZnTi3,2. Najpierw wytopiono stop wstępny ZnAl10 a następnie prowadzono jego modyfikację. Obydwie zaprawy wprowadzane były do stopu w taki sposób, aby dostarczyć 25, 50, 100, 200 i 400 ppm Ti. Stop wyjściowy i po modyfikacji odlewane były do suszonych form zbudowanych z klasycznej masy formierskiej. Próbki po wybiciu z formy obrabiane były mechanicznie a następnie badane. W celu wyznaczenia współczynnika tłumienia prowadzane były badania ultradźwiękowe. Wytrzymałość na rozciąganie oraz wydłużenie badane były na maszynie wytrzymałościowej Instron 6025. Zestawienie wyników pozwoliło porównać skuteczność modyfikacji daną zaprawą, oraz ich wpływ na daną właściwość stopu. W znacznej części badania dowodzą tego, że obydwie zaprawy działają w bardzo podobny sposób i wywierają podobny wpływ na właściwości stopu ZnAl10.
EN
Zn-Al alloys are characterised by several positive features, among others by the ability of damping vibrations, which situates them in the group of materials of advanced properties. In as cast condition, especially in sand moulds, Zn-Al alloys have strongly dendritic structure which is disadvantageous on account of their plastic properties. In order to change the characteristic dendritic precipitates and simultaneously to refine grains, the procedure of modifying the alloy structure is applied. The best effects are obtained when Ti particles contained in inoculants are introduced into liquid alloys. The inoculants known from the Al-Zn alloys technology, as well as new Zn-Ti inoculants characterised by very good solubility at melting temperatures of Zn-Al alloys and by similar density, are applied in the Zn-Al alloys technology. The results of investigations of the Zn - 10%Al alloy, which was modified by the AlTi3C0,15 and ZnTi3,2 inoculants, are presented in the hereby paper. The master foundry alloy ZnAl10 was at first melted and then its modification was performed. Both inoculants were introduced into the alloy in such way as to supply 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 ppm of Ti. The master alloy and the alloy after the modification were cast into dry moulds made of the classic moulding sand. The samples, after knocking out from the mould, were subjected to mechanical working and then investigated. To determine the damping coefficient ultrasound tests were performed. The tensile and elongation strengths were tested by the testing machine Instron 6025. The compilation of results allowed to compare the efficiency of the modification by the given inoculant and their influence on the given property. Investigations, in a significant part, prove that both inoculants operate in a very similar fashion and have a similar influence on the ZnAl10 alloy properties.
4
Content available Fatigue Properties of AlSi7Mg Alloy with Diversified Microstructure
Tupaj M., Orłowicz A. W., Mróz M., Trytek A.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2015
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Vol. 15, iss. 3 spec.
87--90
EN
The paper discusses the effect of microstructure on the fatigue strength of AlSi7Mg casting alloy refined conventionally with hexachloroethane without modifying and modified with TiB and Na. Castings made of both alloy variants were subjected to T6 heat treatment. It turned out that the applied refining secured satisfactory compactness of the material. In view of absence of gas and shrinkage porosity in the castings, short cracks nucleated on largest silicon precipitates and largest intermetallic phase precipitations as these were the locations where stress concentrations reached their highest values. Comprehensive modification of the alloy resulted in reduction of the value of SDAS parameter characterizing α(Al) phase dendrites, a decrease of the distance between silicone precipitates in the eutectic λE, and a decrease of the maximum size of silicone precipitates lmaxSi. The ultimate effect of these changes was an increase of the fatigue strength.
5
Content available Influence of Modification on the Structure and Morphology of Fracture of AlSi13Mg1CuNi
Romankiewicz R., Romankiewicz F.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2013
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Vol. 13, iss. 2 spec.
85--88
EN
The investigation revealed that the modification of the AlSi13Mg1CuNi silumin with the additives 0,25% AlSr10 and AlCu19P1,4 simultaneously provided the change of the morphology of eutectic silicon from the lamellar into the fibrous one. The change resulted in a double increase in the impact resistance of the alloy and the widening of the plastic area of the fracture of the silumin samples.
6
Content available Effect of T6 heat treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of EN AB-42000 alloy modified with strontium
Pezda J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2011
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Vol. 11, iss. 2 spec.
169--174
EN
Process of silumin properties perfection in scope of classic (simple and cheap) methods is connected with change of morphology of silumin precipitations through: process of alloy modification, maintaining suitable temperature of superheating treatment and pouring into moulds, as well as perfection of heat treatment operations. In the paper are presented results of a tests aimed at investigation of an effects of performed heat treatment operations on change of tensile strength of EN AC-42000 silumin modified with strontium. Investigated alloy was melted in electric resistance furnace. Course of crystallization process was recorded with use of thermal-derivative analysis (ATD), and on base of this analysis one determined temperatures range of heat treatment operations of the alloy. Performed heat treatment operation resulted in change of mechanical properties (Rm, A5) of the investigated alloy, whereas performed tests enabled determination of temperature and duration of solutioning and ageing treatments, which condition improvement of its mechanical properties.
7
Content available remote Effect of modification with strontium on machinability of AK9 silumin
Pezda J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
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Vol. 8, iss. 1 spec.
273--276
EN
Aluminum and its alloys, except iron alloys, found nowadays the broadest application in any type of design structures. Modern technologies, as well as tendencies aimed at the broadest possible use of light alloys - Al-Si mainly - call for more and more rigorous requirements. These requirements concern not only mechanical properties, but also technological features like: castability, capability to be fed of the casting, tightness, machinability. Automation of production, being result of mass series production, effects in increased requirements concerning properties of starting material, inclusive of machinability mainly. The paper presents a preliminary results of AK9 alloy machinability, subjected to typical treatments of refining and modification. Measurement of machnability of investigated alloy was performed with use of reboring method, with fiat drill and constant feed force. It has enabled to determine a correlation between implemented enrichment treatments and machinability of investigated alloy. Further investigations shall be connected with determination of machinability of heat treated alloy and determination of optimal parameters of enrichment treatments in aspect of machining operations of casting made from AK9 alloy.
8
Content available remote Modyfikacja stopu AK11
Romankiewicz F., Romankiewicz R.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
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2003
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R. 3, nr 8
171--176
PL
Przedstawiono wyniki badań nad modyfikacją stopu AlSi11 dodatkami AlSr10 i AlB4.
EN
The results of the modification of alloy AlSi11 by the additives of AlSr10 and AlB4 have been presented.
9
Content available remote Modyfikacja stopu Al-Si12 proszkiem ze stopu Al-Si12
Lipiński T.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
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2002
|
R. 2, nr 4
396--401
PL
Stop aluminium krzemem o zawartości 12% Si bez modyfikacji posiada gruboziarnistą budowę strukturalną, będącą przyczyną niskich właściwości mechanicznych. W pracy przedstawiono wpływ modyfikacji siluminu o udziale 12% Si proszkiem wytworzonym ze stopu poddanego modyfikacji, a krystalizującego z różnymi prędkościami. Zaprezentowano wpływ użytego proszku na wytrzymałość na rozciąganie Rm, wydłużenie względne A5 i twardość Brinella HB oraz mikrostrukturę.
EN
Aluminum – silicon alloy contents 12% Si with out modification has a coarse-grained structure who is cause low of mechanical properties. This work presents results influence of modification silumin content 12% Si by powder made from alloy put on treatment, and primary crystallized from different speeds of chilling. This paper presents influence use of powder on tensile strength Rm, unit elongation A5, Brinell hardness number HB and microstructure. Results show by graphical form.
10
Content available remote Modyfikacja stopu AK-11 powietrzem aktywowanym w polu elektrycznym
Cholewa M.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
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2002
|
R. 2, nr 4
87--92
PL
W opracowaniu przedstawiono wybrane właściwości stopu AK-11 zmodyfikowanego przez obróbkę gazową ciekłej kąpieli metalowej. Do modyfikacji zastosowano aktywne chemicznie odmiany gazów otrzymywane przez obróbkę w polu elektrycznym za pomocą generatora ozonu. Ciche wyładowanie elektryczne aktywując tlen i azot powodują powstawanie faz umacniających. W badaniach wykorzystano standardowe techniki transportu pneumatycznego. Przedstawiono składniki strukturalne wytworzonego materiału oraz wzrost twardości w porównaniu do stopu niemodyfikowanego.
EN
In work the chosen properties of AK11 alloy modified with gas treatment of liquid metal. Modification has been done with chemical active gases obtained by their treatment in electric field with ozone generator. Electric discharge active oxygen and nitric as well as causes arise strengthening phases. Standard pneumatic conveying has been used for researches. Structure of produced material and increase of hardness in compare to unmodified alloy have been presented.
11
Content available remote Struktura stopu AK 7 modyfikowanego tytanem i borem oraz gwałtowną krystalizacją
Orłowicz W., Mróz M.
Krzepnięcie Metali i Stopów
|
2000
|
R. 2, nr 42
51--57
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiaru parametru λ (odległości między osiami głównymi dendrytów) fazy α(Al) stopu AK7 modyfikowanego tytanem i borem oraz drogą gwałtownej krystalizacji.
EN
The paper presents the results of the measurement of λ parameter (the distance between main axes of dendrites of the α phase) in the AK7 alloy modified with AITi5B l and through sudden crystallisation.
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