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1
Content available The Application of ATD and DSC Methods to Study of the EN AC-48000 Alloy Phase Transformations
Piątkowski J., Przeliorz R., Szymszal J.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2017
|
Vol. 17, iss. 2
207--211
EN
Tests concerning EN AC 48000 (AlSi12CuNiMg) alloy phase transition covered (ATD) thermal analysis and (DSC) differential scanning calorimetry specifying characteristic temperatures and enthalpy of transformations. ATD thermal analysis shows that during cooling there exist: pre-eutectic crystallization effect of Al9Fe2Si phase, double eutectic and crystallization α(Al)+β(Si) and multi-component eutectic crystallization. During heating, DSC curve showed endothermic effect connected with melting of the eutectic α(Al)+β(Si) and phases: Al2Cu, Al3Ni, Mg2Si and Al9Fe2Si being its components. The enthalpy of this transformation constitutes approx. +392 J g-1. During freezing of the alloy, DSC curve showed two exothermal reactions. One is most likely connected with crystallization of Al9Fe2Si phase and the second one comes from freezing of the eutectic α(Al)+β(Si). The enthalpy of this transformation constitutes approx. –340 J g-1. Calorimetric test was accompanied by structural test (SEM) conducted with the use of optical microscope Reichert and scanning microscope Hitachi S-4200. There occurred solution's dendrites α(Al), eutectic silicon crystal (β) and two types of eutectic solution: double eutectic α(Al)+β(Si) and multi-component eutectic α+AlSiCuNiMg+β.
2
Content available The Effect of Cooling Rate on Properties of Intermetallic Phase in a Complex Al-Si Alloy
Tupaj M., Orłowicz A. W., Mróz M., Trytek A., Markowska O.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2016
|
Vol. 16, iss. 3
125--128
EN
The cooling rate is one of the main tools available to the process engineer by means of which it is possible to influence the crystallisation process. Imposing a desired microstructure on a casting as early as in the casting solidification phase widens significantly the scope of technological options at disposal in the process of aluminium-silicon alloy parts design and application. By changing the cooling rate it is possible to influence the course of the crystallisation process and thus also the material properties of individual microstructure components. In the study reported in this paper it has been found that the increase of cooling rate within the range of solidification temperatures of a complex aluminium-silicon alloy resulted in a decrease of values of the instrumented indentation hardness (HIT) and the instrumented indentation elastic modulus (EIT) characterising the intermetallic phase occurring in the form of polygons, rich in aluminium, iron, silicon, manganese, and chromium, containing also copper, nickel, and vanadium. Increased cooling rate resulted in supersaturation of the matrix with alloying elements.
3
Content available Influence of Casting Conditions on Tribological Properties of A390.0 Alloy
Piątkowski J., Wieszała R., Gontarczyk A.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2016
|
Vol. 16, iss. 3
95--98
EN
The paper presents tribological properties of A390.0 (AlSi17Cu5Mg) alloy coupled in abrasive action with EN-GJL-350 grey cast-iron. The silumin was prepared with the use of two different technologies which differed in terms of cooling speed. In the first case the alloy was modified with foundry alloy CuP10 and cast to a standard tester ATD and in case of second option the modified alloy was cast into steel casting die. Due to different speed of heat removal the silumins varied in structure, particularly with size of primary crystals of silicon and their distribution in matrix which had a significant influence of friction coefficient in conditions of dry friction.
4
Content available Examining the Possibilities of Analyzing the Solidification Process of Al-Si Alloy with the Infrared Camera
Władysiak R., Kozuń A., Pacyniak T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2016
|
Vol. 16, iss. 1
89--94
EN
The paper presents the results of the crystallization process of silumin by the TDA thermographic method and the results of the cast microstructure obtained in the sampler ATD-10, that was cooling down in ambient air. The study was conducted for silumins AlSi8 and AlSi11 unmodified. The work demonstrated that the use of thermal imaging camera allows for the measurement and recording the solidification process of silumin. Thermal curve was registered with the infrared camera and derivative curve that was calculated on the base of thermal curve have both a very similar shape to adequate them TDA curves obtained from measurements using a thermocouple. Test results by TDA thermographic method enable quantitative analysis of the kinetics of the cooling and solidification process of hypo- and neareutectic silumins.
5
Content available remote Plasticity of the AlSi9Mg alloy modified with Na, F and Cl compounds
Lipiński T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2010
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Vol. 10, iss. 2
75--78
EN
This paper presents the results of an experiment investigating the structure and the percent elongation of an AlSi9Mg alloy modified with NaCl, Na3AlF6 and NaF compounds. The alloy was modified in a crucible. The experiment had a factorial design of 23. Strength tests were performed on specimens with a diameter of 8 mm collected from a [phi]16x140 mm cylinder cast in a sand mould. The applied modifier improved the studied alloy's eutectic properties and changed its percent elongation. Percent elongation values are presented in graphic form.
6
Content available remote Structure evaluation of cast dispersive AlSi-CrxCy composites
Cholewa M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3s
171--176
EN
In this work author showed the diversification of structure for cast dispersive AlSi-CrxCy composites. Wide possibilities of properties control and optimization were described, through microstructure of the matrix and the transition zone shaping. Utility castings were prepared with use of traditional casting techniques, ceramic and metal moulds. The influence of technological conditions and cooling rate ion the composite structure was studied. The main factor of structural changes was the diffusion at matrix – reinforcement interface. Divers structure was observed in particle close neighborhood. Possibilities of diffusion control were indicated through application of factors assisting the crystallization.
7
Content available remote Structural analysis of aluminum skeleton castings
Cholewa M., Dziuba-Kałuża M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3
29-36
EN
In this article authors showed method for manufacturing of skeleton castings with continuous external surface. Wall thickness of the external surface was 6 mm. The experimental casting was manufactured in order to verify the results of filling mould cavity which were obtained by numerical simulation. The aluminosilicate core was used to produce experimental aluminum skeleton castings with dimensions of (115x65x136) mm. Lower ingate with vertical getting system was used. On based on numerical simulations and preliminary experimental tests technological conditions were determined, which enables obtained castings on repeatable satisfactory geometry and requirement quality. Degree of refinement of structure in typical region of skeleton casting was compared. Qualitative and quantitative different degree of fineness of eutectic was confirmed. Selection of modification conditions AlSi alloy of skeleton casting is necessary. Based on tests, which were performed authors deduced, that manufacturing of skeleton castings is possible with use of traditional casting technology, without use of expensive laboratory – devices, with applied classical gating system and typical pouring temperature of Al alloys (ex. 740°C).
8
Content available remote Numerical simulation of pouring and solidification of closed skeleton casting
Cholewa M., Dziuba-Kałuża M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
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2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3s
9-12
EN
In this work authors showed results of simulation manufacturing closed skeleton casting. The aim of conducted simulations was the choice of thermal and geometrical parameters for the needs of designed calculations of the skeleton castings and the estimation of the guidelines for the technology of manufacturing. During simulation effect at mould filling process for the skeleton casting was analyzed. Analysis of temperature distribution and analysis of solidification closed aluminium skeleton casting were conduced. It was confirmed that the metal is flows at the external surfaces and fills internal channels of skeleton, until the moment of overall filling of the mould. Whole casting is solidification in finish of pouring mould. It is advantageous by reasons of satisfactory mould filling. Part of casting which was connected with feeder, on upper surface of casting solidified the slowest. in consequence to the lowest heat give up.
9
Content available remote Microstructure quantitative analysis of aluminum skeleton castings
Cholewa M., Dziuba-Kałuża M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 4
241-250
EN
In this article authors showed method for manufacturing of closed skeleton castings with hypo - eutectic and eutectic aluminium alloys. Experimental castings were manufactured in variables technological conditions: range of pouring temperature 680÷740 °C, temperature of mould 20÷100 °C and height of gating system above casting level 105÷175 mm. Structural analysis of studied skeleton castings was conducted. Degree of refinement of structure in typical region of skeleton casting was compared. Qualitative and quantitative different degree of fineness of eutectic silicon was confirmed. Casting in established technological conditions enables manufactured skeletons which repeatable geometry, suitable external geometrical form of casting and required quality.
10
Content available remote Analysis of structural properties for AlSi11 alloy with use of thermal derivative gradient analysis TDGA
Cholewa M., Kondracki M.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2008
|
Vol. 8, iss. 3s
84--88
EN
In this paper a basis of thermal derivative gradient analysis was shown. Authors presented methodology of the studies, results and analysis. Studies of crystallization kinetics were conducted on non-modified AlSi11 eutectic alloy. Analyzing the results authors proposed some parameters for description of crystallization kinetics and their relation to microstructure and mechanical properties.
11
Content available remote Choice of salts for process of continous sodium modification of Al-Si alloys
Białobrzeski A., Pezda J., Ciućka T.
Archives of Foundry Engineering
|
2007
|
Vol. 7, iss. 1
31-36
EN
Broad application of aluminum cast alloys, silumins first of all, have become to be possible after finding a method of change of solidification form in Al-Si eutectic mixture. By introduction to liquid alloy a slight additive of modifying agent this primary thick, needle-like shape of Si crystals becomes altered into fine and compact structure. Quality of structure modification depends on correct proportioning of the modifying agent, temperature of metal and time elapsing from modification to solidification of the alloy. The sodium is used as one of the modifying agents. The sodium is introduced into metal bath in metallic form or in form of compounds containing sodium. Apart from a form in which modifying agent is introduced to metal bath, however, its action is relatively short (about 15-20 minutes). Prolongation of modifying agent's action can be accomplished due to technology of continuous introduction of the sodium to metal bath. That technology is based on continuous electrolysis of sodium salt, occurring directly in melting pot with liquid alloy. Sodium salt placed in retort (immersed in liquid metal) undergoes dissociation due to applied voltage, and next electrolysis. Sodium ions arisen during the dissociation of sodium salts and electrolysis are "conveyed" through retort walls made from solid electrolyte. In contact with liquid alloy as cathode, sodium ions pass to atomic state, modifying the alloy. Suitable selection of material for the anode (source of sodium) is an important issue. The paper presents results of preliminary research concerning selection of sodium salt, based on predetermined Rm tensile strength and measured voltage drop for the alloy in solid state. Values of those parameters confirm modification effect on tested alloys. Complexity of physical-chemical phenomena occurring in course of the process effects on necessity of further investigation which needs to be performed for optimization of parameters of the process, ensuring stable run of continuous modification with sodium.
12
Content available remote Analiza krzepnięcia i badania mikrostruktury podeutektycznych stopów układu Al-Si
Piątkowski J.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2006
|
R. 6, nr 22
364-369
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań krzepnięcia podeutektycznych stopów Al-Si o zróżnicowanej zawartości krzemu od 1 do 9%. Na podstawie analizy termicznej ATD i programu komputerowego Analdta wyznaczono wykresy krzepnięcia, z których określono charakterystyczne wartości temperatury i wykonano badania mikrostruktury.
EN
In this paper the effect of solidification and microstructure of Al-Si alloys about 1 to 24% silicon heve been presented. Based on thermal analysis ATD to determine of diagrammatic presentation characteristic temperatures and microstructures.
13
Content available remote Wskaźnik jakości odlewów ze stopu Al-Si
Orłowicz A. W., Mróz M.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2004
|
R. 4, nr 14
363-368
PL
Wskaźnik jakości - Q jest coraz częściej stosowany w praktyce przemysłowej do oceny efektu szybkości krystalizacji, dodatków stopowych i obróbki cieplnej na plastyczność i wytrzymałość na rozciąganie stopu AI-7SiMg [1-3]. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad poprawą wskaźnika jakości stopu drogą zmiany składu chemicznego i poprzez obróbkę cieplną.
EN
The quality index introduced on empirical grounds is widely used by the casting industry as tool for predicting the effect of solidification rate, chemical additions and heat treatment on the ductility and tensile strength of AI-7Si-Mg casting alloys. The paper presents the results of the effect of the chemical composition and heat treatment on the increase of the quality index Al-Si alloy.
14
Content available remote Kompleksowa modyfikacja siluminu AISi7Mg
Piątkowski J., Binczyk F., Smoliński A.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2004
|
R. 4, nr 14
381-386
PL
Badania przedstawione w pracy wykazały, że łączne wprowadzenie zapraw złożonych zawierających AITiB oraz preparatu "Modal-1" zapewnia korzystne zmiany w strukturze siluminu podeutektycznego AISi7Mg. Metodą analizy TA i ATO stwierdzono, że zaprawa AITiB w połączeniu z preparatem Modal-1 powoduje obniżenie temperatury eutektyki o [ok.] 11°C. Znajduje to potwierdzenie w korzystnych zmianach mikrostruktury badanego stopu, powodując rozdrobnienie dendrytów fazy [alfa] oraz zmianę postaci eutektyki z płytkowej na włóknistą. Stwierdzono niekorzystne oddziaływanie dodatku litu na modyfikację struktury stopu AK7, co może być spowodowane niewłaściwą formą zaprawy LiCI o znacznej higroskopijności.
EN
In this work was showed, that the connection of prime ground folded including TiB from preparation "Modal -1" hypoeutectic assure the structural more profitable changes of AISi7Mg alloy than traditional inoculant's preparations. Using with method of thermal analysis TA and ATD, that the primes ground AITiB inclusive of introduced the preparation Modal -1 cause it lowering the halt of temperature about 11°C. This finds his reflection in profitable changes of microstructure of studied melt, by moved fragmentation the dendrites of winding phase [alpha] as well the figure's change the eutectic from plate on fibrous. It the influence on modification of microstructure silumin the addition of lithium was affirmed was wrong AISi7Mg, what to possibly due the inappropriate figure of primes ground LiCI, which is very of hygroscopicity.
15
Content available remote Badania wytrzymałości na rozciąganie krzepnących dwuskładnikowych stopów AlSi 11.74 i AlSi 12.5
Mutwil J., Romankiewicz R., Michalski M.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2004
|
R. 4, nr 14
303-310
PL
Opisano stanowisko do badania wytrzymałości na rozciąganie krzepnących i stygnących metali i stopów. W pomiarze rejestrowana jest siła rozciągająca i wydłużenie testowego odlewu oraz temperatura na przekroju jego ścianki. Przedstawiono wyniki badań dla dwuskładnikowych stopów AISi11.74 i AISi12.5.
EN
A stand for examination of tensile strength of soIidifying and cooling metaIs and alIoys has been described. The tensile force, extension of test casting and temperatures of his wall are in measurement registered. The examination results for binary AISi11. 74 and AISi12.5 aIIoys have been presented.
16
Content available remote Badania frontu krystalizacji dwuskładnikowych stopów Al - Si w kanałach metalowych form odlewniczych
Mutwil J., Janowski R., Michalski M.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2002
|
R. 2, nr 6
141-148
PL
Dla aluminium i jego stopów z krzemem przedstawiono skaningowe obrazy frontu krystalizacji strugi krzepnącej w kanale formy metalowej.
EN
For aluminum and aluminum-silicon alloys flowing and solidifying in metal mould channel the SEM-micrographs of crystallization interface have been presented.
17
Content available remote Wpływ obróbki cieplnej na właściwości mechaniczne siluminu AlSi17Cu3Mg
Piątkowski J.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2001
|
R. 1, nr 2
557--564
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu obróbki cieplnej na twardość oraz wytrzymałość na rozciąganie Rm, i wydłużenie A5 silumin AlSi17Cu3Mg modyfikowanego fosforem (Cu-P). Oddziaływanie obróbki cieplnej polegającej na przesycaniu i starzeniu w różnych warunkach (tabl. 2) na badane właściwości mechaniczne przedstawiono na rysunkach od 1 do 3. Ustalono optymalne parametry obróbki cieplnej (przesycanie 470oC/4h/woda i starzenie 160oC/6h/powietrze), dla których uzyskano twardość do ~172 HB; Rm do ~285 MPa oraz wydłużenie A5 do ~3%.
EN
In this paper the results of the influence as the heat treatment on the mechanical properties: Brinell hardness HB, tensile strength Rm and ultimate elongation A5of the AlSi17Cu3Mg alloy after modification phosphorus (CuP) were presented. Fig. 1 to 3 presented the influence of the heat treatment: on solution and quench ageing heat treatment in different experimental conditions (tabl.2) on mechanical properties. The established optimality parameters the heat treatment (solution 470oC /4 h/ water and quench ageing 160oC /6 h/ air) are hardness about 172 HB, tensile strength about 285 MPa and ultimate elongation about 3%.
18
Content available remote Właściwości mechaniczne i trybologiczne siluminu nadeutektycznego po obróbce cieplnej
Piątkowski J., Binczyk F.
Archiwum Odlewnictwa
|
2001
|
R. 1, nr 2
565--570
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości mechanicznych oraz trybologicznych siluminu AlSi17 z dodatkiem Cu, Ni, Mg, Co, Mo i Cr po modyfikacji fosforem oraz po obróbce cieplnej. Największy wpływ na poprawę właściwości mechanicznych po obróbce cieplnej stwierdzono w przypadku siluminu z dodatkami Mg i Cu. Badane siluminy nadeutektyczne korzystnie zachowują się podczas tarcia w skojarzeniu z żeliwem szarym (EN-GJ200) i żeliwem sferoidalnym (EN-GJS-500-7). Wykazano obniżenie współczynnika tarcia ze zwiększeniem nacisku podczas ścierania.
EN
The results of mechanical and selected friction properties of the hypereutectic AlSi17 alloy with a Cu, Ni, Mg, Co, Mo and Cr are presented in this paper. Studies were conducted for hypereutectic AlSi17 alloy modified by phosphorus (0,05wt. %) inoculated after heat treatment. The best increasing of the mechanical properties after Mg and Cu alloy additions are confirmed. The hypereutectic silumins very positive behave during content friction system with the grey cast iron (EN-GJ200) and spheroid graphite iron (EN-GJS-500-7).
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