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Immobilizowane komórki glonów w ocenie toksyczności miedzi

Król D., Kosakowska A.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2009

Tom 11

1105-1117

Testy toksykologiczne są szeroko stosowane do oceny oddziaływania związków chemicznych na organizmy żywe. Najczęściej w testach biologicznych związanych z badaniem środowiska wodnego, jako organizmów testowych używa się mikroorganizmów: bakterii, glonów i cyjanobakterii, ze względu na to, że w większości ekosystemów pełnią one istotną ekologiczną rolę i są stosunkowo czułe na toksykanty.

Toxicological tests are widely applied for assessment of impact of chemical compounds on living organisms. Most often microorganisms such as bacteria, algae and cyanoabcteria are used as test organisms. They are used because of in most of the ecosystems they pay vary important ecological role and they are relatively sensitive to toxicants [34]. Microalgae are sensitive indicators of environmental change and, as the basis of most freshwater and marine ecosystems, are widely used in the assessment of risk and development of environmental regulations for metals. Copper is a trace element essential for all living organisms. In plants, itparticipates in photosynthetic electron transport and also plays a role as a cofactor of several oxidizing enzymes. Several heavy metals are essential for living beings at very lowconcentrations, but at higher doses most of them are toxic for organisms belonging to different levels of the trophic chain. We examined the influence of copper on the growth of green algae Chlorella kessleri H1901 CAUP. The effect of copperII was defined in concentration range from 5∙10-7 to 5∙10-5 mol∙dm-3 in ionic form. A comparative study on metal interaction in the free and alginate immobilized of algae cells was conducted. Cultures with free and immobilized cells were incubated for 7 days under conditions optimal for the growth of the test alga. Algal growth (cellular density) was used as toxicity response parameter. The copper concentration inhibiting from 40 to 70% of algal growth of free and immobilized algal cells was 5∙10-6 mol∙dm-3. Both free and immobilized cultures showed similar response to Cu treatments. Immobilization of microalgal cells in alginate beads could be a technique in order to monitor potential pollution (eg. heavy metals) of aquatic ecosystems.