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Evaluation of airport buildings against terrorist attacks in the context of architecture and planning criteria: five case study

Saricioglu Pelin, Yildiz Asli, Soyluk Asena

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

2024

Vol. 17, no. 2

33--46

Terrorist attacks are increasing worldwide with the impact of developing technologies and war tactics. One of the most common types of structures where these attacks are carried out is airport structures due to their international visibility and intense human circulation. Necessary precautions should be taken against possible terrorist attacks both in the planning and utilization process of airports. In this study, planning and architectural design criteria that can be taken against terrorist attacks are determined by utilizing literature data. Within the scope of these criteria, five airports were analyzed: Istanbul New Airport (IGA), Ankara Esenboga Airport, istanbul Sabiha Gokçen Airport, Antalya Airport, and Izmir Adnan Menderes Airport. In the selection of the buildings, the buildings with the largest passenger capacity in our country were preferred. As a result of the evaluations, the strengths, and weaknesses of the structures against terrorist attacks are presented in a table. According to the findings of the study, most of the airports are located in dense urban areas as a result of inaccurate predictions of urban growth and development. This makes these structures vulnerable to terrorist attacks. It was also found that perimeter walls do not provide sufficient visual and physical barriers at airports. Instead of concrete shear walls, most of the structures are secured with wire fences between concrete pillars. In conclusion, the planning and design of airports against possible explosions and terrorist attacks should be considered as a whole with its surroundings. Buildings should be evaluated as a whole with their land, and planning should be realized by taking into account the direction of urban growth and development.