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1

Response surface methodology approach for optimization of biosorption process for removal of Hg(II) ions by immobilized Algal biomass Coelastrella sp.

AlSarji Ali Hussine, Al-Humairi Shurooq Talib, AlMukhtar Riyadh Sadeq, Alardhi Saja Mohsen, Sulyman Mohamed, Fattah I.M.R.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2024

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Vol. 26, nr 2

57--68

EN

Currently, adsorption stands as a viable technique for the effective removal of pollutants such as heavy metals from water. Within this research endeavor, adapted green algae (Coelastrella sp.) have been harnessed as a sustainable and environmentally conscious adsorbent, employed in the removal of Hg(II) ions from a simulated aqueous solution via employment of an Airlift bioreactor. The analysis of the attributes of adsorbent was conducted through the utilization of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The examination of residual concentrations of Hg(II) ions in the treated solution was accomplished through the utilization of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The impact of various experimental factors, including the duration of contact (ranging from 10 to 90 minutes), initial concentrations of Hg(II) ions (ranging from 500 to 2000 μg/l), quantity of adsorbent introduced (ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 g per 250 ml), temperature variations (ranging from 20 to 40° C), and airflow velocity (ranging from 200 to 300 ml/min), was systematically examined. For the optimization of adsorption efficiency, MINITAB 18 software was employed. The equilibrium data was subjected to analysis using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Employing the framework recommended by MINITAB 18, the optimal parameters for adsorption were identified as 2000 μg/l for initial concentration, 90 minutes for contact time, 40° C for temperature, and 300 ml/min for airflow rate. The Langmuir equation yielded the highest adsorption capacity, measuring 750 μg/g at a temperature of 40° C.

2

Wpływ immobilizacji biofilmu na właściwości stacjonarne i technologiczne fluidyzacyjnego hybrydowego bioreaktora airlift

Boroń Dominika, Tabiś Bolesław

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2019

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T. 98, nr 11

1746--1750

PL

Przedstawiono wpływ immobilizacji biomasy na nieporowatych ziarnach nośnika na właściwości stacjonarne i technologiczne hybrydowego bioreaktora fluidyzacyjnego z zewnętrzną cyrkulacją cieczy. Dokonano oceny objętościowego udziału ziaren ciała stałego w fazie ciekłej oraz warunków istnienia biofilmu na uzyskiwane stopnie przereagowania substratu węglowego. Obliczenia procesowe wykonano dla aerobowej biodegradacji glukozy przez bakterie Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Przedstawione wyniki uzasadniają stosowanie immobilizacji biofilmu na ziarnach nośnika tak z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa procesowego, jak i poprawy zdolności bioreaktora do usuwania związków węglowych.

EN

A model of microbiol. process occurring in biofilm immobilized on nonporous fine carrier grains and in liq. phase was presented. An impact assessment of a vol. fraction of the solid particles in the liq. phase and conditions for the existence of biofilm on conversion degree of the C substrate was performed. The simulations were performed for aerobic glucose biodegrdn. by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Obtained results justified the immobilization of biofilm on fine particles from process safety point of view and improved the bioreactor capacity for removing C compds. The results were compared with the stationary properties of a 2 phase airlift reactor of the same design. A higher conversion degree of the carbonaceous substrate in title reactor was achieved than in the airlift one. The loss of bioreactor prodn. capacity due to leaching from the liq. phase was eliminated.

3

Warunki stosowania hybrydowych bioreaktorów fluidyzacyjnych

Tabiś B., Boroń D.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2015

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Nr 5

283--285

PL

Przedstawiono analityczny sposób wyznaczania podstawowych parametrów hydrodynamicznych i granicznych wartości współczynnika recyrkulacji w hybrydowym bioreaktorze fluidyzacyjnym z wewnętrzną cyrkulacją cieczy. Wartość współczynnika recyrkulacji wynika z hydrodynamiki aparatu i nie może być wymuszana zewnętrznie np. przez pompę. Przedstawiona metoda ma charakter ogólny, ponieważ nie jest związana z konkretnym procesem mikrobiologicznym. Można ją zastosować do dowolnego procesu aerobowego, jeżeli dane są wartości współczynników wydajności WBA i WBT lub WTA.

EN

The paper presents an analytical method for the determination of basic hydrodynamic parameters and limit values of recirculation ratio in a hybrid fluidized-bed airlift bioreactor with the internal circulation of liquid phase. The values of recirculation ratio in such bioreactors are related to hydrodynamic conditions. Therefore, they cannot be imposed by using an external pump. The presented method may be treated as general one because it is not tied up with particular microbiological process. It may by used for any aerobic process with given values of yield coefficients WKA and wRT or WTA.

4

Biological treatment of hydrogen sulfide in an airlift bioreactor with direct gas injection

Zytoon M. A., El-Shazly A. H., Noweir M. H., Al-Zahrani A. A.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 41, nr 4

131--142

EN

Bioconversion of H2S into elemental sulfur has been investigated using an airlift bioreactor with direct injection of the gas into the bioreactor. Almost complete removal of H2S has been achieved at its inlet concentrations lower than 25 000 ppm. Maximum bioconversion capacity of ca 111.3 g/(m3·h) and up to 93.5% conversion of the inlet sulfide to elemental sulfur was obtained. To further improve the bioreactor performance, factors influencing mass transfer and biological activity should be investigated in future studies.

5

Continuous mathematical models of airlift bioreactors: Families, affinity, diversity and modelling for single-substrate kinetics

Grzywacz R.

Chemical and Process Engineering

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2012

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Vol. 33, nr 2

291-309

EN

This paper presents a method of describing an airlift bioreactor, in which biodegradation of a carbonaceous substrate described by single-substrate kinetics takes place. Eight mathematical models based on the assumption of liquid plug flow and axial dispersion flow through the riser and the downcomer in the reactor were proposed. Additionally, the impact of degassing zone with assumed complete mixing on the obtained results was analyzed. Calculations were performed for two representative hydrodynamic regimes of reactor operation, i.e. with the presence of gas bubbles only within the riser and for complete gas circulation. The conclusions related to the apparatus design and process performance under sufficient aeration of the reaction mixture were drawn on the basis of the obtained results.

6

Wpływ warunków napowietrzania na pracę bioreaktora airlift

Grzywacz R.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2011

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T. 90, nr 7

1326-1330

7

Bioreaktory oraz ich zastosowanie w inżynierii i ochronie środowiska

Pasternak G.

Journal of Ecology and Health

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2011

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R. 15, nr 3

121-125

PL

Na przestrzeni wieków bioreaktory zmieniały swój kształt oraz znajdowano dla nich kolejne zastosowania. Najpopularniejsze i zarazem najstarsze obejmowały technologię żywności. Dziś bioreaktory są powszechnie wykorzystywane w celu poprawy jakości środowiska naturalnego. Biologiczny etap oczyszczania ścieków jest sercem każdej nowoczesnej oczyszczalni ścieków bytowo-gospodarczych. Bioreaktory wykorzystuje się również w celu produkcji biogazu, bioremediacji gruntów oraz oczyszczania gazów przemysłowych. W niniejszym artykule omówiono podstawowe typy bioreaktorów oraz przykłady ich wykorzystania w szeroko pojętej inżynierii środowiska. Nieustający rozwój nauk technicznych i podstawowych prowadzi do powstawania kolejnych pomysłów na wykorzystanie czynników biologicznych w celu neutralizacji ryzyka związanego z działalnością antropogeniczną. Przed inżynierią bioreaktorów stoją nowe wyzwania i zarazem olbrzymi potencjał rozwoju.

EN

In past centuries bioreactors were changing their shape and their applications were developing. The most common and the oldest applications contained food technology. Today, bioreactors are commonly used for increasing the quality of environment. Biological part of treatment is the heart of each domestic wastewater treatment plant. Bioreactors are also used for biogas production, bioremediation techniques or exhaust purification. In this paper we would like to present the idea of bioreactor methods and selected examples of their application in environmental protection. The ceaseless development of basic and technical science is creating innovative ideas for application of bioreactors for changing the quality of environment. New challenges and great potential is still waiting to be proved in research institutions.

8

Simulation of the gluconic acid production in the internal loop airlift bioreactor

Sikula I., Jurascik M., Markos J.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

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2006

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Nr 6s

212-214

EN

Airlift reactors have found potential application in biotechnology and chemical industries due to their simple construction and less performance costs compared with mechanically stirred tanks. However, an accurate description of their performance and "a priori" design are still difficult. This work deals with mathematical modelling of the fermentation process in an internal loop airlift reactor (IALR). To verify the simulation results, fermentation of gluconic acid by the strain Aspergillus niger has been chosen as a model system. Fermentation was carried out in three laboratory lALRs (each one with different scale of the reactor volume: 12, 40 and 200 litres). The parameters of the model, e.g. parameters of the kinetic model, mass transfer coefficients, circulation velocities and gas hold-ups were estimated by employing correlations available in the literature or independent experiments using model media. In the present paper the influence of different performance conditions (gas inlet flow rate, oxygen concentration in the feed gas, initial concentration of glucose) on the reactor behaviour is investigated. The results of simulations and experiments are in a sufficient agreement. The developed and tested model can be used as a very useful tool for process design, optimization and scale-up.