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ICAO aviation occurrence categories significantly affecting aviation safety in Poland from 2008 to 2015

Głowacki P., Balicki W.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

2017

z. 94

47--56

Poland, as a member of the EU, is represented within the ICAO, by the European Aviation Safety Agency. However, this does not relieve our country from the responsibility of developing a state safety programme (SSP). The need to set up such a programme, which has to be specific to every country involved in aviation operation, was introduced by the ICAO’s Annex 19. One of the important points in Annex 19 is: “5.2.1 Each State shall establish and maintain a safety database to facilitate the effective analysis of information on actual or potential safety deficiencies obtained, including that from its incident reporting systems, and to determine any actions required for the enhancement of safety”. The Polish Civil Aviation Authority, along with other databases, manages the European Coordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting Systems (ECCAIRS). The authors (who are specialists dealing with exploitation processes in aviation) have conducted a laborious processing of the data contained in the ECCAIRS database, analysing them based on various criteria: aviation occurrence categories (as defined by the ICAO), phases of flight for different airports in Poland etc. Aircraft with an maximum take-off mass (MTOM) 5,700 kg (commercial aviation) were considered separately. It was found that the most events are those that relate to power plant (SCF-PP) airframes and related system (SCF-NP) failures, followed by collisions with birds (BIRD), events related to airports (ADRM) and events related to the required separation of aircraft (MAC). For lighter aircraft, the dominant categories are ARC, CTOL, GTOW and LOC-I events. The article presents a proposed method for predicting the number of events, determining the alert levels for the next years and assuming a normal distribution (Gaussian). It is one of the first attempts to use actual data contained in the database of events on airports in Poland. The results of this analysis may support the decisions of supervisory authorities in the areas where security threats are most important.

Własności i właściwości zespołów napędowych statków powietrznych i kosmicznych

Lewitowicz J., Kustroń K.

Systems : journal of transdisciplinary systems science

2004

Vol. 9, Sp. 2/2

681-688

W referacie omówione są wybrane zagadnienia rozwoju zespołów napadowych lotniczych dla statków powietrznych i kosmicznych. Rozwój ten następuje poprzez z jednej strony podwyższanie parametrów ga-zodynamicznych z drugiej poprzez wdrażanie nowych idei energetycznych. W zespołach napadowych -silnikach lotniczych doskonali się struktury konstrukcyjne łopatek i materiałów w celu podwyższenia temperatury czynnika roboczego a w silnikach turbośmigłowych także poprzez doskonalenie konstrukcji śmigieł. W zespołach napędowych - silnikach kosmicznych rozpoczęto prace nad wykorzystaniem efektu pulsacyjnego spalania i efektu spalania przy małym stężeniu tlenu pobieranego z powietrza na dużych wysokościach.

Discussed in the paper arę some selected problems of developing power plants for air- and spacecraft. This development takes place by means of increasing the gas-dynamic parameters on the one hand, whereas on the other hand-by implementing new power-supply ideas. In power plants - aircraft engines, structural solutions applied to blidcs and materials are improved to increase temperature of a working medium; in turboprops, improved are also propeller structures. In power plants - space engines, efforts arc made to use the effect of pulsating combustion and the effect of combustion at low concentration of oxygen in high-altitude air.