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2 2019

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Nonlinear method of determining the vehicle pre-crash speed based on B-spline with propabilistic weights - subcompact car class

Kubiak Przemyslaw, Sys Ewa, Goslawski Lukasz, Manko Maria, Gralewski Jacek, Krukowski Mateusz, De Sousa Ricardo Alves, Mrowicki Adam, Soghabatyan Tigran, Zou Tiefang

Archiwum Motoryzacji

2019

Vol. 85, nr 3

5--18

A new non-linear method utilizing the work W of car deformation is considered in this study. The car deformation is defined as an algebraic function of deformation ratio Cs. The method of variable correlation is exploited in order to develop experimental data. To determinate mathematical model parameters, data from the NHTSA database including frontal crash tests are used. Such database is comprised of substantial number of crash cases and main focus was put on frontal impacts. In the non-linear method used so far, the so-called energetic approach, collisions are considered non-elastic. The speed threshold defining the elastic collision was set to be 11 km/h. This simplistic approach is used to determine the linear relation of energy loss during deformation on deformation coefficient Cs. Deformation points C1-C6 are taken into account while calculating a mean value that defines this coefficient. A more accurate non-linear method as well as more complex form of deformation coefficient is suggested to determine the work of deformation in this paper. The focus of those methods is to establish the value of nonlinear coefficient b_k which is the slope factor of precrash velocity Vt and deformation ratio Cs function.

Methods for improving the dynamic properties of the air braking systems of low-speed agricultural trailers

Kulikowski Krzysztof, Kamiński Zbigniew

Archiwum Motoryzacji

2019

Vol. 84, nr 2

5--22

Too low an operating speed of trailer air braking systems may lead to an inhibition of the braking asynchrony of agricultural tractor trailer units. Improved braking dynamics advanced braking systems with an electronic control unit (e.g. Trailer EBS) provide a more rational solution for high speed agricultural vehicles. In this paper, an overview of other methods for developing the dynamic properties of air braking systems for agricultural trailers is described. This paper provides an examples of braking system design parameters optimization, using a variety of accelerating valves and dynamic properties correcting devises, also as well, by using simple systems with an electronic controllers. The described methods of dynamic properties improvements can be used to improve the speed and operation synchrony of the air braking systems of low-speed agricultural trailers. The paper presents the influence of some of the described methods, with different levels of complexity, on the properties of typical air braking systems.