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Comparative assessment of Al2O3 modified biomasses from agricultural residues for nickel and cadmium removal

Herrera-Barros Adriana, Tejada-Tovar Candelaria, Gonzalez-Delgado Angel D.

Journal of Water and Land Development

2021

no. 49

29--34

The biodiversity of aqueous environments has been affected due to the disposal of wastewater highly contaminated with heavy metal ions, causing much damage to ecosystems. These pollutants are very toxic and bioaccumulate in living organisms. This work attempts to evaluate the adsorption of nickel ad cadmium ions using three biomasses from agricultural residues (corn cob – CC, orange peel – OP, and oil palm bagasse – PB) modified with alumina nanoparticles. The biomasses were characterized via compositional analysis and a point of zero charges to quantify the presence of lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and the feasible pH, taking advantage of the biomass charge. After modification with Al2O3 nanoparticles. The resulting adsorbents were characterized via FT-IR analysis to identify the functional groups that most contributed to the adsorption performance. Furthermore, the influence of Al2O3 nanoparticles was analysed on the adsorption capacities of the evaluated biomasses using batch systems at a temperature of 25°C and pH 6. All biomasses displayed a high content of cellulose, estimating a weight percentage of about 19.9%, 14.3%, and 13.1% for PB, OP, and CC samples, respectively. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups, which contribute to enhancing the adsorption capacities of the modified biomasses. Functional adsorption capacity was observed for all biomasses after modification with Al2O3 nanoparticles, achieving at pH 6.0 a cadmium removal from 92% (CC-Al2O3 and PB-Al2O3) up to 95.8±0.3% (OP-Al2O3). In nickel ions, it was estimated a broader adsorption capacity at pH 6.0 of about 86±0.4% after using the CC-Al2O3 sample, 88±0.1% for the PB-Al2O3 adsorbent, and 98±0.2% for the OP-Al2O3 sample, confirming the suitability of these Al2O3-modified biomasses for the removal of heavy metal ions.

Harvesting of agricultural wood residues from apple orchards using a pruning round baler

Dyjakon A., Adamczyk F., Szaroleta M., Pari L., Suardi A., Germer S.

Drewno : prace naukowe, doniesienia, komunikaty

2018

vol. 61, nr 202

53--67

In Europe, there are potentially large amounts of pruned biomass from orchards that could be used for energy production. One of the main barriers is a lack of complete technologies for mechanisation of the harvesting of these products. Under the EuroPruning project, a new baler adaptable to different site conditions was designed and constructed. The article presents the results of performance testing of the newly developed baling machine, conducted during the harvesting of pruning residues in apple orchards. The aim was to determine the potential yield of branches per unit area of orchard, harvesting losses, and the machine’s efficiency, including its capacity and fuel consumption in two different operating configurations (with and without windrowers). It was shown that the average area rate was 1 ha/h, with a yield potential in the range 2.89-3.31 t·ha-1 and fuel consumption of 4.5-5.1 dm3·h-1. Average harvesting losses measured in the studied orchards amounted to 22% with the machine working with activated windrowers and 37% without the use of windrowers.

Rapeseed biomass -– a renewable source of energy - current state and development perspectives

Leśmian-Kordas R., Bojanowska M.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie

2010

nr 24 (96)

17-24

In the article there have been presented the current state and perspectives in the scope of using rapeseed biomass, with particular consideration of solid biodegradable by-products of the technology of obtaining oils-expellers and rapeseed meal. Rapeseed biomass has been characterised with respect to its technological properties essential in combustion processes, both after conversion into bio-char and bio-oil and with respect to its raw, unprocessed form. The reasonableness of applying this kind of agrobiomass in co-combustion with minable fuels has been shown, resulting from conditions of agricultural production, increasing rapeseed production and by-products, with their incomplete use in the land, in view of the obligatory increased participation of biomass in the structure of fuels applied for producing electric and heat energy. The current state of agrobiomass supply logistics to the boiler plant has been analysed, pointing out its significance in shaping demand satisfaction for biomass using rapeseed waste products.

W artykule przedstawiono stan obecny oraz perspektywy w zakresie wykorzystania biomasy rzepakowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem stałych biodegradowalnych produktów ubocznych technologii otrzymywania olejów - wytłoków oraz śruty rzepakowej. Scharakteryzowano biomasę rzepakową pod kątem jej właściwości technologicznych istotnych w procesach spalania, zarówno po konwersji do biowęgla i bioleju, jak również w odniesieniu do jej postaci surowej, nieprzetworzonej. Wykazano racjonalność stosowania tego rodzaju agrobiomasy w procesach współspalania z paliwami kopalnymi, wynikającą z uwarunkowań produkcji rolniczej, wzrastającej produkcji rzepaku oraz produktów pochodnych, przy ich niepełnym wykorzystaniu w kraju, wobec obligatoryjnego zwiększania udziału biomasy w strukturze paliw stosowanych do wytwarzania energii elektrycznej i cieplnej. Przeanalizowano aktualny stan logistyki dostaw agrobiomasy do kotłowni, wskazując na jej znaczenie w kształtowaniu stopnia zaspokojenia popytu na biomasę z wykorzystaniem odpadowych produktów rzepakowych