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Ecological, technical and economic aspects of using flint wastes as aggregate for special concretes

Zegardło Bartosz

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2022

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nr 1

125--148

EN

This paper examines the ecological, technical, and economic aspects of using flint wastes extracted during the chalk extraction. The study presents the adverse effects of mining on the environment and draws attention to the mining waste generated. Flint wastes are proposed to be used in the crushed form as a substitute for high-quality aggregate for cement composites. Traditional concretes, which contained gravel and basalt aggregates in their volume, were used as control composites. Due to the satisfactory results of the technical tests, the described waste disposal method was also analysed in terms of possible economic benefits. Conclusions from the conducted tests proved that crushed flint waste is technically equal to high-quality special aggregates. At the same time, the costs of its acquisition and production in suitable deposition systems can be lower than the cheapest traditional gravel aggregates available on the market.

PL

W pracy niniejszej przeanalizowano ekologiczne, techniczne i ekonomiczne aspekty wykorzystania odpadowego krzemienia, który pozyskiwany jest podczas procesu wydobycia kredy. W pracy zaprezentowano problematykę niekorzystnego wpływu górnictwa na środowisko oraz zwrócono uwagę na powstające odpady wydobywcze. Odpadowy krzemień zaproponowano wykorzystać w formie rozkruszonej, jako substytut wysokiej jakości kruszywa do kompozytów cementowych odpornych na działanie środowisk agresywnych chemicznie. Jako kompozyty kontrolne wykorzystano betony tradycyjne, które zawierały w swojej objętości kruszywa żwirowe i bazaltowe. W związku z zadowalającymi wynikami przeprowadzonych testów opisany sposób unieszkodliwiania odpadu przeanalizowano również pod kątem możliwych korzyści ekonomicznych. Wnioski z przeprowadzonych badań dowiodły, że rozkruszone odpady krzemienia pod względem technicznym dorównują wysokiej jakości kruszywom specjalnym, natomiast koszty ich pozyskania i wytworzenia w odpowiednich systemach ich deponowania mogą być niższe niż najtańszych dostępnych na rynku kruszyw tradycyjnych żwirowych.

2

Evaluation of Environmental Effects by LCA Method of Recycling of Depleted Electrical Insulators by Their Reuse for Cementitious Composites

Zegardło Bartosz

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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Tom 23

672--683

EN

This paper is devoted to the evaluation of the environmental effects by the LCA method of recycling electrical insulators through their secondary use in the production of cementitious composites as replacements for traditional mineral aggregates. For the proposed waste recycling system, using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, the environmental impact of product manufacturing was evaluated at the level of several key factors. A cubic meter of concrete composite was used as the functional unit. The environmental impact assessment was carried out for recycled and traditional composite products. The work was carried out using the openLCA computer program. The obtained results confirmed that the replacement of traditional aggregate with recycled aggregate after its prior deposition and grinding at the concrete producer brings positive effect. Compared to the production of traditional composite, the production of composites with recycled aggregate showed a favorable parameter: the amount of depletion of natural resources. Other studied parameters such as climate change, air pollution and process toxicity ware almost the same for both types of composites. Taking into account the results obtained, it was concluded that this type of waste trading system can be implemented in industrial activities with a positive effect on the environment.

3

Comparative Assessment of Environmental Effects by LCA Method of Natural Aggregates Extraction Processes and Production of Their Substitutes from Waste in the City Mining System

Zegardło Bartosz

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 8

251--257

EN

This paper is devoted to the topic of obtaining substitutes for natural aggregates in the city mining system. An article draws attention to the adverse effects of natural aggregate mining on the environment and presents its alternative based on processing waste mineral materials into aggregate form. Referring to the examples presented in the literature, technical possibilities of producing recycled aggregates from waste concrete, ceramic and glass materials were indicated. The system of collecting waste directly from potential users was also presented and the adaptation processes which waste must undergo were described. The research part of the study consisted of analyses of the environmental impact of the processes of obtaining natural aggregates and production of their substitutes from waste in the city mining system. The LCA (life cycle assessment) method was used to carry out the analyses. Using the available databases, calculations of the environmental impact of both processes were performed. The comparison of the obtained results proved that despite the unfavourable additional environmental effects caused by the adaptation processes required for waste, the environmental impact of the rational production of aggregates from recyclates is favourable, and such activities should be recommended for implementation in the industry.