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The use of the risk matrix method for assessing the risk of implementing rail freight services

Szaciłło Lucyna, Krześniak Mirosław, Jasiński Dobromir, Valis David

Archives of Transport

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2022

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Vol. 64, iss. 4

89--106

EN

The article presents a proposal for the use of a risk matrix for assessing the safety of the implementation of rail freight transport. The starting point for considerations related to risk assessment is the conditions arising from the business need and the obligation of entities operating in the railway market to ensure the safety of the implementation of freight tasks. The authors presented selected literature within the framework of the issues discussed. The layers of risk assessment, which include the analytical layer, the decision layer and the elimination layer, indicate the possibility of considering the problem of risk assessment from different perspectives. The identification of direct causes and consequences of undesirable events during the implementation of rail freight transport was also made. The article describes one of the methods of risk management which is the risk matrix. The authors stressed that the construction of a risk matrix should be preceded by an analysis of the factors that affect the safety of rail transportation. This is possible by determining their probability of occurrence and setting values for the consequences of adverse events. The article divides the assignment of levels of adverse events to a five-level risk matrix (slight, low, medium, high, very high). Also presented is a case study considering the risk assessment of rail freight transport in Poland using the risk matrix method for railway accidents in the area of railway lines. Thanks to the development of the risk matrix, a risk management strategy can be used. The last part of the article is a summary, which highlights the possibility of applying the presented approach to risk assessment among entities operating in the rail transport market.

2

Ocena bezpieczeństwa działania systemu transportowego w przedsiębiorstwie usług komunalnych

Bojar P., Znaczko R., Znaczko W.

Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe

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2018

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R. 19, nr 6

57--61, CD

PL

Warunki pracy kierowców mają bezpośredni wpływ na bezpieczeństwo realizowanych zadań. Szczególnie zauważalne jest to na terenach zurbanizowanych na których występuje zwiększone natężenie ruchu oraz pewne ograniczenia wynikające ze stanu infrastruktury. Wśród czynników wywołujących zmiany zachowań kierowców są czynniki antropotechniczne wynikające z działań ludzi usytuowanych w pojeździe oraz jego otoczeniu, zewnętrzne wynikające z oddziaływania warunków atmosferycznych jak również stanu infrastruktury i robocze wynikające z funkcjonowania środka transportu. W pracy podjęto próbę identyfikacji i oceny wpływu czynników zewnętrznych i antropotechnicznych na bezpieczeństwo realizowanego procesu transportowego.

EN

The working conditions of drivers have a direct impact on the safety of the tasks being performed. It is particularly noticeable in urban areas with increased traffic and certain limitations resulting from the condition of the infrastructure. Among the factors causing changes in drivers' behavior are the anthropotechnical factors resulting from the actions of people in the vehicle and its surroundings, external ones resulting from the impact of weather conditions as well as the condition of the infrastructure and work resulting from the operation of the means of transport. The paper attempts to identify and assess the impact of external and antropotechnical factors on the security of the transport process.

3

Ship fires caused by primary failure of the fuel filter of the engine driving the generator

Monieta J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie

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2016

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nr 47 (119)

36--41

EN

This article presents selected results of investigations on adverse events of ships throughout one year. The investigations included mainly merchant vessels used to transport bulk material and heavy objects. Ships have been divided into functional systems and elements and into navigational and machine parts. An attempt was made to classify the causes of accidents and evaluate material losses. The quantitative analysis of the causes of the events leads to different conclusions than those reached on the basis of the analyses of losses. Although the failures on-board the vessel occurred more frequently, the costs of machine adverse events were larger. The most critical consequences was fire of a ship caused by loosening of the bleed screw of the fuel filter. Auxiliary engines of the vessel were operated in different external and internal conditions, and were fed by distillation fuel. As a consequence, the evacuation of the crew and fire suppression were required, using the CO2 installation of the ship. The ship was stopped and deprived of its primary sources of electric energy. An analysis of the event was along with the elaboration of a plan of preventive measures. The results should be useful for selecting the monitored diagnostic objects of vessels.

4

The risk assessment of adverse events of nursing activities as the element of quality management in healthcare

Wiśniewska M. Z., Grudowski P., Konieczyńska M.

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2015

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Vol. 6, No. 1

79--86

EN

The purpose of the paper is to present MedCARVER+Shock method and Pareto analysis and its usability for the risk assessment of adverse events of nursing activities. 888 activities carried out by all 190 nurses working at the District Hospital X located in Poland were taken into account. During the research the qualitative approach was used. As the result sixteen groups of nursing activities causing the highest risk of adverse events were selected. Special attention required in: admission of a patient to the ward, sterilization, verbal communication with the patient, using of intravenous cannulas, needles, syringes, devices for transfusion of infusion liquids, servicing of hospital rooms, first aid in life-threatening situations, using medical devices and equipment. Ten basic causes of the risk of adverse events were identified, among others: lack of trainings, of modern equipment, of staff, failure to comply with procedures, lack of staff supervision, poor quality of ancillary materials, lack of management commitment. Finally MedCARVER+Shock method and Pareto analysis usability has been confirmed but it appeared that it is time-consuming and requires support from skilled professionals. Several suggestions have been put forward to improve the utility of MedCARVER+Shock.

5

Zastosowanie miar bezpieczeństwa do oceny zdarzeń niepożądanych statków morskich

Monieta J.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 3

3371--3380, CD 1

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przegląd wybranych pojęć i metod stosowanych w analizach bezpieczeństwa systemów transportowych w świetle literatury z tego obszaru. Wskazano na istniejące niejednoznaczności niektórych terminów stosowanych w ocenie ryzyka obiektów antropo-technicznych..W pracy przedstawiono także wyniki badań zdarzeń niepożądanych jednego armatora w okresie dwunastu lat. Badania obejmowały statki handlowe głównie do przewozów masowych oraz ich układy i elementy. Przeprowadzono analizę konsekwencji obejmujące oszacowanie skutków wypadków ludzi, mienia i środowiska. Wyznaczono wybrane wskaźniki bezpieczeństwa. Podjęto próbę oceny przyczyn inicjujących wypadki ich udziału w poniesionych stratach materialnych i ryzyku zdarzeń niepożądanych. Największe straty zdarzeń niepożądanych wystąpiły w części pokładowej statków i zaszły głównie w wyniku kolizji. Największe ryzyko wypadków spowodowane było przez człowieka, dlatego wymagana jest dbałość o podniesienie kwalifikacji załóg statków, wzrost automatyzacji i zastosowania systemów doradczych sterowania eksploatacją. Ryzyko zdarzeń zainicjowanych przez obiekty techniki pokładowej i maszynowej statków było znacznie mniejsze, a zdarzeń spowodowane przez środowisko było najmniejsze.

EN

In the article a review of chosen notions and methods applied in safety analyses of transport systems in the light of literature from this area was described. They pointed on existing ambiguities of some applied dates about the risk assessment of antropo-technical objects. At the work also findings of adverse events of one shipowner were presented in the period of twelve years. The investigations included commercial vessels for the transport of bulk and their systems and elements. Analysis was performed to estimate the effects of the consequences of accidents involving people, property and the environment. They were selected safety indicators. A decreasing frequency of adverse events was noticed. Attempt was made to assess the reasons for initiating events of their participation in material losses incurred and the risk of adverse events. The greatest losses occurred adverse events on-board ships and occurred mainly as a result of the collision. The greatest risk of accidents was caused by man, so care is required to raise the qualifications of the crews of vessels, increased use of automation and control expert systems operation. The risk of events initiated by objects techniques and machine-board ship was much smaller, and the event was caused by the environment the least.

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Estimation of undesirable events in operation of bulk carriers

Monieta J.

Journal of KONES

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2013

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Vol. 20, No. 2

291--297

EN

This paper describes the introduced results of researches of undesirable events at one shipowner for a period of twelve years. The study included mostly merchant vessels bulk carriers and their significant objects. The ships were decomposed on functional systems and elements also divided them into of the navigation and machinery part. There was carried out a quantitative and economics analysis. In the economic analysis have been exchange rates accounted. Attempted classification of the causes of the event and its participation in material losses incurred. These events are also a threat to human life and health as well as the natural environment. One showed on methods and means of diagnostics as manner of limitation their sizes and results. The results should be useful in the design of diagnostic experiments to select the objects that should be subject monitored. The larges losses of adverse events were initiated in the functional systems: navigation, main drive and cargo. The most often adverse events are collisions. The most expensive vessel objects in the engine room proved to be reciprocating internal combustion engines for main propulsion and auxiliary. The investigations were conducted for all types of reciprocating internal combustion engines mounted on the test vessels. Combustion engines were operated under different external and internal conditions and were feed distillate and residual fuel oils.