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Speed analyses and modeling in pedestrian crossing areas

Ziółkowski Robert

Transport Problems

2023

T. 18, z. 2

111--122

The safety of vulnerable road users, especially pedestrians, on Polish roads remains among one of the lowest levels among EU countries. A high number of accidents involving pedestrians occur in areas with zebra crossings, and excessive speed is often mentioned in police records as a leading cause of accidents. A number of investigations highlight that drivers’ speed strongly influences the impact on pedestrian safety; hence, it should be controlled in areas with pedestrian crossings through effective management. According to traffic law regulations, drivers are required to give special attention and slow down while approaching a pedestrian crossing. The aim of the article is to explore drivers’ speed behaviors at zebra crossings depending on their localization. Investigated zebra crossings were located on single and dual carriageways on straight segments and approach sections of intersections without traffic lights. Speed measures were performed under free- flow traffic conditions. The conducted analysis allowed for the identification of road geometry-related parameters significantly influencing vehicles’ speeds at pedestrian crosswalk locations. Based on the analyzed parameters, regression models were developed and validated.

Drivers’ speed behaviour in the vicinity of additionally illuminated pedestrian crossings

Ziółkowski Robert

Transport Problems

2021

T. 16, z. 4

35--43

The probability and severity of accidents at pedestrian crossings strongly depend on vehicles’ speed; hence, drivers’ speed control and awareness of driving conditions are very important. Lighting installations in the transition areas of pedestrian crossings have been set up in Polish cities in recent years to improve the visibility of pedestrian crossings and enhance drives’ awareness while approaching sensitive spots in the road network. A key study focus is to evaluate the influence of additional lighting systems on drivers’ behaviour in terms of travel speed. Drivers’ speed measures were carried out under daytime and nighttime conditions on single carriageways. Speed measurements were performed in free flow driving conditions in the vicinity of zebra crossins located in mid-block segments and at intersection inlets. The analyses conducted have shown an ambiguous influence of lighting installations on drivers’ behaviour. It has been found that drivers approaching pedestrian crossings with additional illumination systems decrease their speed significantly, but average speeds, even reduced, remain over posted speed limits. Moreover, at zebra locations, drivers’ speed under night conditions in some cases was found to be significantly higher than during the day. Based on the results obtained, some recommendations have been made to improve drives’ speed behaviour at pedestrian crosswalks.