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Nonwoven Carbon Fibers with Nanometric Metallic Layers as a Tool to Monitor Regenerative Processes

Stodolak-Zych Ewa, Kudzin Marcin, Kornaus Kamil, Gubernat Maciej, Kaniuk E., Bogun Maciej

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 3

1151--1156

EN

Still unsolved is the problem of monitoring the tissue regeneration with the use of implants (substrates) in in vivo conditions. The multitude of implant materials combined with their specific immanent often limit standard diagnostic methods, i.e. X-rey or computer tomography (CT). This is particularly difficult in therapies using polymeric high-resistance substrates for tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to fabricate a non-woven carbon fiber composed of carbon fibers (CF) which were then subjected to a surface modification by magnetron sputtering. A layer of iron (Fe) was applied under inert conditions (argon) for different time periods (2-10 min). It was shown that already after 2-4 minutes of iron sputtering, the voxel surface (CF_Fe2’, CF_Fe4’) was covered with a heterogeneous iron layer observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The longer the modification time, the more uniform the layer on the fiber surface becomes. This can be seen by the change in the wettability of the nonwoven surface which decreases from 131° for CF_Fe2 to 120° for CF_Fe10. The fibers do not change their geometry or dimensions (~11.5 um). The determination of pore size distribution by adsorption and desorption techniques (BJH) and specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption method (BET) have shown that the high specific surface area for the CF_Fe2’ fibers decreases by 10% with the increasing iron sputtering time. All the studied CF_Fe fibers show good biocompatibility with osteoblast-like cells MG-63 cells after both 3 and 7 days of culture. Osteoblasts adhere to the fiber surface and show correct morphology.

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Preparation of Activated Carbon Fibres from Electrospun Polyacrylonitrile Fibre Mat and Characterisation of Their Chemical and Structural Properties

Gliścińska E., Babeł K.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2013

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Vol. 21, no. 3 (99)

42--47

EN

Activated carbon fibres with a diameter lower than 1 µm from electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibre mat were obtained at developed optimal conditions of stabilisation, carbonisation and chemical activation processes. The fibres obtained were subjected to structural and chemical tests. A nonwoven fabric of activated carbon submicrofibres made from fibres electrospun from PAN/DMSO solution is characterised by very high nitrogen adsorption exceeding 900 cm3/g within the range of specific micropores, supermicropores and small mesopores, while the total volume of pores exceeds 1.4 cm3/g and the pore specific surface 2600 m2/g. The adsorption-desorption isotherm of nitrogen shows easy sorbate access to the inside of pores and its easy removal at the same time.

PL

Opracowane zostały optymalne warunki procesów stabilizacji, karbonizacji i chemicznej aktywacji elektroprzędzionych włókien poliakrylonitrylowych w formie warstwy w celu otrzymania aktywnych włókien węglowych o średnicy mniejszej niż 1 µm. Otrzymane włókna poddano testom określającym ich właściwości strukturalne i chemiczne. Włóknina z aktywnych submikrowłókien węglowych wytworzonych z włókien elektroprzędzionych z roztworu PAN/DMSO charakteryzuje się bardzo dużą adsorpcją azotu wynoszącą 900 cm3/g w zakresie właściwych mikroporów, supermikroporów i małych mezoporów, całkowitą objętością porów wynosząca 1.4 cm3/g, i powierzchnią właściwą porów wynoszącą 2600 m2/g. Izoterma adsorpcji-desorpcji azotu pokazuje łatwy dostęp sorbatu do wnętrza porów i równoczesne łatwe jego usunięcie. wzrasta.

3

Adsorbenty węglowe - surowce, otrzymywanie, zastosowanie

Buczek B., Czepirski L.

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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2001

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T. 17, z. 2

29-61

PL

Omówiono metody otrzymywania, właściwości oraz główne kierunki badań nad porowatymi matariałami węglowymi (węgiel aktywny, węglowe sita cząsteczkowe, aktywne włókniny węglowe). Wykazano przydatność adsorbentów w procesach ochrony atmosfery i wód, rozdzielania mieszanin gazowych, magazynowania paliw gazowych.

EN

Carbonaceous adsorbents are higly porous materials containing mostly of carbon and exhibiting a large internal surface, and which due, to their surface properties, adsorb organic and inorganic substances from gaseous or the liquid phase. This group of adsorbents contains: active carbons, carbon molecular sieves, activated carbon fibres. The methods for production of carbonaceous adsorbents are discussed. They can, essentially, be made from all carbon - containing presursors by so-called activation process. The ability to vary the type of activation (gas activation or chemical activation) permits production of a wide range of products having adsorption properties most suited for the intended application. Main objects of research and development in this area described. The examples of typical applications of carbonaceous adsorbents (solvents recovery, air deodorization) is given. Development of new processes (pressure swing adsorption for gas separation and natural gas storage) is presented. By improved adsorption properties of carbonaceous adsorbents it became possible to come up to the reqirements for increased throughput and efficiency of processes. The future prospects for carbonaceous adsorbents call increasing sophistication in the production, of the tailored products as well as to model and design complete adsorber systems based on improved understanding of the basic adsorption process.

4

Preliminary investigation on the new wound chitin/carbon dressing materials

Krucińska I., Szosland L., Cisło R., Babeł K., Bilska J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Włókiennictwo / Politechnika Łódzka

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2000

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z. 59

41-48

EN

The new chitin fibres and activated carbon fibres were characterised as a raw material for the construction of the new wound dressing. The ability of the production of new dressing material in a form of multilayer nonwovens was discussed.