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Meta-analysis of dendrochronological dating of mass movements

Tumajer J., Treml V.

Geochronometria

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2013

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Vol. 40, no. 1

59-76

EN

Absolute dating of mass movements is crucial for disentangling possible release factors and determining the frequency of events. Here, we present an overview of a recent approach to den-drochronological dating of rockfalls, flows, landslides and avalanches. The results, based on 69 case-studies, show that methodological approaches to sampling and material processing differ considerably for different types of mass movements. Landslides are usually detected through abrupt growth chang-es and changes in stem eccentricity, whereas high-energy events as avalanches and flows are mostly identified by the formation of traumatic resin ducts, reaction wood, growth injuries and eccentricity changes. Cross-dating of dead wood is applicable as well. The dating of most mass movements except landslides is common, even with sub-annual resolution. In comparison to other methods of absolute dating, the main benefit of dendrochronology still lies in the high temporal resolution of the results. If living material is accessible, on-going research progress makes absolute dating of most mass-wasting events possible with sub-annual precision.

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Application of Dendrochronological Analysis in Dating of Timbers from the Wieliczka Salt Mine

Szychowska-Krąpiec E.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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2003

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Vol. 51, nr 2

99-118

EN

Dendrochronological analysis was applied for dating of wood samples from timbering and wooden machines from the first level of the Wieliczka salt mine. Sampling was carried out in eight mining complexes; the Bąkle complex, the Goryszowski shaft, the Lipowiec Zamtus complex, the Taras Wodnych Gór Wschodnich complex, the Boner-Boruta complex, the area of the Powroźnik gallery, the area of the Regis shaft, and the Jan Zawachlary complex. Among over 130 samples of various tree species, timbers of Scots pine, fir and spruce were predominating. The oldest timbers, dated to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries came from the Bąkle complex (timbering of the Dusząca chamber) and from timbering of the Goryszowski shaft. In the Dusząca chamber the oldest timbers came from fir trees growing in the second half of the fourteenth and the first half of the fifteenth century and from spruce trees felled in the second half of the fifteenth century. Fir wood from timbering of the Goryszowski shaft also came from the second half of the fifteenth century. Other samples represented somewhat younger timbers, from the last 500 years (the sixteenth to twentieth centuries). So large a spectrum of the results obtained indicates that the old mines present an excellent, though only rarely put to use, store of timbers spanning large time intervals and originating from vast areas. This opens large opportunities for constructing long absolute chronologies and for studies on identification of the origin of wood.

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Spruce Chronology from Mt Pilsko Area. (Żywiec Beskid Range) 1641-1995 AD.

Szychowska-Krąpiec E.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Earth Sciences

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1998

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Vol. 46, nr 2

75-86

EN

Timber of spruce, a species widely spread in Europe and Asia, has been a basis of several regional dendrochronological standards. However, in Poland there is no long spruce standard of regional extent. The research underaken at Dendrochronological Laboratory, University of Mining and Metallurgy in Cracow, is the first step towards the elaboration of such a scale for the area of southern Poland. The 5BESIA chronology presented here, has been constructed for the Mt Pilsko area in Żywiec Beskid Range (S Poland) on the basis of 50 best correlated samples of contemporary, long-living spruces. Teleconnection of dendrochronological signal from Pilsko has been checked with available spruce chronologies from southern Poland, Germany, Austria, Sweden, Italy, Switzerland, France and Lithuania. The highest correlation may be observed between the 5BESIA and the German (t=5.68), Swiss (t=4.47) and Austrian (t=4.15) standards. There is no corelation with other European standards, what demonstrates unequal distribution pattern of dendrochronological signal for the spruce. The strongest signal has been noted for areas to the West and Southwest. The observed relationships can be helpful in construction and checking of the correctness of older spruce sequences and elongation of the 5BESIA chronology.