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1
Content available MCNP calculations of neutron emission anisotropy caused by the GIT-12 hardware
Šíla O., Klír D., Řezáč K., Cikhardtova B., Cikhardt J.
Nukleonika
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2015
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Vol. 60, No. 2
323--326
EN
The MCNP6 and MCNPX calculations for the GIT-12 device in Tomsk were performed to determine the influence of the gas-puff hardware on the neutron emission anisotropy and the neutron scattering rate. A monoenergetic 2.45 MeV neutron source and F1 and F6 tallies were declared in the simulation input. A comparison between MCNP results and the measured data was made. Differences between MCNPX and MCNP6 output data were investigated. In the experiment, two nTOF scintillation detectors with the Bicron BC-408 scintillator were used to measure the neutron waveform. Four bubble BD-PND detectors were used to estimate the amount of neutrons in different places around the neutron source.
2
Content available Quasi-spherical superfast Z-pinch implosion for pellet irradiation
Smirnov V. P., Grabovskii E. V., Zakharov S. V.
Nukleonika
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2012
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Vol. 57, No. 2
215-219
EN
New simulation results of the quasi-spherical implosion induced by a 40 MA current pulse are discussed. Results on a quasi-spherical wire array production and some experimental observations of an implosion are presented.
3
Content available Important issues in high - current plasma experiments of the Z - pinch type
Sadowski M. J., Scholz M.
Nukleonika
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2012
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Vol. 57, No. 1
11-24
EN
This paper is based on an invited lecture given at the 10th International Workshop and Summer School "Towards Fusion Energy", which was held in Kudowa Zdrój, Poland, on June 12–18, 2011. A concise review is presented of the known experimental results on various plasma Z-pinch experiments supplied by high-voltage and high-current pulsed power generators. The most important issues and the most valuable results in this domain are highlighted. A broad class of various Z-pinches is considered, including simple inter-electrode discharges, single exploding wires, so-called X-pinches, cylindrical wire-array Z-pinches, radial wire-array discharges, conical wire-array experiments, and gas-puffed Z-pinches. Non-cylindrical Z-pinch discharges (often called plasma focus experiments) are also briefly characterized. The most important characteristics of each category of experiments are outlined. Particular attention is paid to fusion-oriented high-power Z-pinch experiments and the problems encountered in experiments with various sophisticated fusion targets. The main issues in the described Z-pinch experiments are identified. Finally, new trends in the dense Z-pinch research are described.
4
Content available Spark ignition in an inertially confined Z-pinch
Linhart J., Bilbao L.
Nukleonika
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2003
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Vol. 48, nr 1
13-16
EN
Experiments have shown [3, 9] that a cylindrical liner can successfully confine a magnetized, hot plasma column. The technical parameters necessary for ICF applications being inaccessible so far, we have investigated volume and spark ignition in a D-T plasma compressed by an imploding liner through numerical simulations. These calculations provide an insight into the structure of both the liner and the plasma and indicate the range of parameters required for ignition and detonation in such a liner-pinch system. Typical results, corresponding to physically feasible situations will be shown and means for realising them will be mentioned. Extrapolation to advanced fuels will be briefly outlined.
5
Content available X pinch as a source for X-ray radiography
Pikuz S., Shelkovenko T., Romanova V., Sinars D., Hammer D., Bland S., Lebedev S.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, nr 1
21-25
EN
This article describes several applications and methods using the X pinch as a source of X-ray radiation for the radiography of dense plasma objects. These methods, in general, do not use pinholes, and instead take the advantage of the small size (<1 mm, and in some cases <3 mm) and a short X-ray emission duration (<1 ns) of the radiation source produced by an X pinch. Two of these methods, monochromatic and direct point-projection backlighting, are discussed. Experimental images of exploding wires and wire arrays obtained on the BIN, XP, and MAGPIE generators using these techniques are presented. Also included are detailed measurements made on the XP generator of the emission characteristics of X pinches using different wire materials.
6
Content available Stabilizing of Z-pinch and Plasma Focus discharges due to thick wires
Kubeš P., Kravárik J., Paduch M., Tomaszewski K., Scholz M., Karpinski L., Szydlowski A., Bakshaev Y., Blinov P., Chernenko A. S., Gordeev E. M., Dan’ko S. A., Korolev V. D., Shashkov A., Tumanov V. I., Romanova V., Klír D.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, nr 1
5-7
EN
This paper presents the results of the diagnostics observing the impact of the plasma sheath imploded in megaamper Z-pinch or plasma focus devices onto the Al or C wires of 30-300 mi m in diameter fixed in the center axis. The discharges were operated with a maximum current of 1.5-3 MA at two devices, PF 1000 at IPFLM in Warsaw, and Stand 300 at RRC Kurchatov Institute in Moscow. At the plasma impact the 10-50 ns XUV pulse was emitted in K-shell lines from the ring or helical-like forms on the surface of the wire corona. The scenario of the production of the non-equilibrium intensities of the C and Al H-like and He-like lines is discussed considering fast transformation of magnetic field, electron beams acceleration, total ionization of the ions and fast recombination in dense and magnetized wire corona.
7
Content available Self-organization of high current-carrying plasmas : dynamics of forming toroidal plasmoids in plasma columns and tubes
Fadeev V. M., Khautiev E. Y., Vikhrev V. V., Nikulin V. Y., Tarakanov V. P.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, suppl. 1
13--16
EN
In the report the dynamics of the Toroidal Plasmoids formation in a Cavity of the Neck (TPCN) of plasma columns and tubes is described. The study was carried out within the MHD (magnetohydrodynamics) frames and by using the particles method. It was shown that in the fast forming neck of plasma pinch, some observed orthogonal to the current structures could be H-filaments (at the equilibrium state they are θ-pinches). These filaments are supported due to the interaction of the induced (secondary) current with magnetic field of the Z-pinch.
8
Content available Role of initial vapor density in Z-pinch polyacetal capillary discharge
Vrba P., Vrbová M., Kálal M., Janačárek A., Fojtík A.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, suppl. 1
25--27
EN
An analysis of a Z-pinch in a capillary discharge is presented. It is supposed that the capillary is filled with a material ablated from the wall using a subnanosecond laser pulse of an energy of several tens of milijoules. The optimum initial atom density N0 has been found.
9
Content available Reconsideration of thermonuclear possibilities of Z-pinches
Vikhrev V. V.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, suppl. 1
9--12
EN
The paper considers the Z-pinch as the basis for future thermonuclear fusion reactors. Experiments on Z-pinches always concern small and high temperature and a high density plasma regions that arise spontaneously in the Z-pinch neck. A burn wave might be initiated in the Z-pinch column if in this small plasma region a Lawson-like condition is fulfilled.
10
Content available On the influence of gas puff loads on plasma focus dynamics
Schmidt H.
Nukleonika
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2001
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Vol. 46, nr 1
15-19
EN
The plasma focus is a source of pulsed radiation, which is of interest in various fields of physics and technology. Applications include soft X-ray microscopy, soft X-ray and electron beam lithography. The plasma focus is also a highly efficient source of fast neutrons. If one applies gas puffing instead of static filling, decoupling of plasma conditions in the breakdown and compression phases can be achieved. Results of experiments with a fast valve and accompanying 2D modelling of the dynamic gas target are presented. Among other advantages of gas puffing, neutron yield could be increased up to a factor of three in appropriate experiments. The concept of gas puffing has been extensively investigated in many Z-pinch experiments including multiple gas puffs. It seems desirable to increase the efforts to understand and optimise the gas puffing option for small and large plasma focus devices.
11
Content available Technical setup and physical properties Technical setup and physical properties of a gas-liner pinch
Büscher S., Wrubel T., Kunze H.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
167-172
EN
he present technical status and physical properties of the gas-liner pinch device in Bochum are presented and discussed. This comprises spectroscopic as well as diagnostic achievements. A short review on the measurements performed at this light source will also be given.
12
Content available PF-1000 device
Scholz M., Miklaszewski R., Gribkov V., Mezzetti F.
Nukleonika
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2000
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Vol. 45, nr 3
155-158
EN
The paper presents the megajoule plasma focus facility operated at IPPLM. In order to study plasma focus (PF) discharges several diagnostics tools have been prepared. The preliminary observations of current sheath motion, as well as measurements of the current signals are reported.
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