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Time variability of methane extraction from hard coal deposits in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) in relation to geological and mining conditions

Kędzior Sławomir, Dreger Marcin

Journal of Sustainable Mining

2023

Vol. 22. iss. 2

89--99

The extraction and economical use of methane from coal mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, Poland (USCB) have shown a variable tendency in recent decades, with numerous ﬂuctuations from year to year. In 2021, approximately 286 million m3 of methane was collected from coal mines, which accounted for approximately 40% of the total emissions of this gas to mine workings. Due to the fact that the economical use of coal mine methane brings environmental, economic and work safety beneﬁts, increasing its extraction is an urgent need. Trends in changes in the amount of mined methane in the entire USCB and in the deposits where the most methane was extracted in the last 25 years were analysed. The most important potential factors inﬂuencing the variability of coal mine gas extraction were taken into account, i.e. elements of the geological structure, coal extraction, methane emissions, mining and technical conditions, etc. The directions for using the collected methane and the main consumers were discussed. The aim is to indicate the most important problems faced by coal mining in terms of the capture and management of methane over the last 25 years and to outline possible solutions.

Real-time monitoring rapid ground subsidence using GNSS and Vondrak filter

Tao Tingye, Liu Jingbin, Qu Xiaochuan, Gao Fei

Acta Geophysica

2019

Vol. 67, no. 1

133--140

Human activities such as coal mining may cause rapid ground subsidence, which will damage severely on human-built structures such as coal transport railway or buildings, and even kill lives. In coal-mining areas, ground subsidence happens continuously, and its amplitude may be up to 10 cm per day. In order to assure the safety of coal-mining areas, it’s necessary to monitor the ground subsidence timely and precisely. This paper presents a continuously operating real-time global navigation satellite system ground subsidence monitoring system, which consists of hardware, data processing algorithms and software, communication link and peripheral equipment. A particular architecture was designed for field operation. For the data processing, the Vondrak filter is proposed to process the monitoring data. We operated the proposed monitoring system on the coal-mining area and verified the performance during the mining period from early July to December 2017. The monitoring results show that the proposed system has an accuracy of 5 mm for ground subsidence monitoring on the basis of precise leveling data that were simultaneously observed. The proposed method can meet the accuracy requirement of ground subsidence monitoring, and it can provide continuous subsidence information in real time, which cannot be achieved by the traditional leveling surveying method. The monitoring system and data processing method can be applied to the monitoring of ground subsidence in subsidence area as well as geological disasters such as landslides.