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Salt tectonics in front of the Outer Carpathian thrust wedge in the Wieliczka area (S Poland) and its exposure in the underground salt mine

Burliga S., Krzywiec P., Dąbroś K., Przybyło J., Włodarczyk E., Źróbek M., Słotwiński M.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2018

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Vol. 44, no. 1

71--90

EN

Salt deposits in the Wieliczka area (Wieliczka Salt Deposit – WSD) in southern Poland comprise salt-rich strata belonging to an evaporite succession that originated in the Carpathian Foredeep basin in the Middle Miocene Badenian (Serravallian) times, ca 13.81–13.45 Ma. Although they have been mined since the 13th century and decades of investigations provided abundant data on their origin and structure, some aspects of their geological evolution are still not fully understood. This study presents current concepts on the lithostratigraphy and tectonics of the WSD. The salt-bearing facies developed near to the southern basin margin, delineated by the Carpathian orogenic front. Such a location triggered the redeposition of sediments and gravity-driven deformation followed by tectonic deformation related to the forelandward advancement of the Carpathian thrusts. As a result, the WSD consists of folds and slices composed of two main salt members: (1) the stratified salt member, with intercalating salt, sulphates and siliciclastics, and (2) the boulder salt member, built of clays with large, isolated blocks of salt. The stratified member contains abundant meso-scale tectonic structures recording the soft-sediment deformation and deformation related to the northward tectonic push exerted by the advancing Carpathian thrust wedge. The boulder member originated due to the syntectonic erosion of evaporites along the basin margins and their redeposition during progressive northward migration of the Carpathian front. Recent interpretations of seismic data imply that the WSD constitutes the core of a triangle zone developed at the contact of the Carpathian orogenic wedge with the backthrust-displaced foredeep sedimentary fill. Meso-scale examples of sedimentary and tectonic structures in the salt-bearing succession exposed in the underground Wieliczka Salt Mine are described and their formation modes discussed.

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Magnum Sal - Komora Michałowice w Kopalni Soli Wieliczka

Przybyło J.

Geologia / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie

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2009

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T. 35, z. 3

425-445

PL

Komora Michałowice należy do najbardziej znanych wyrobisk w Kopalni Soli Wieliczka. Usytuowana w centrum kopalni, łącząca ze sobą poziom I z poziomem II niższym, jest atrakcją trasy turystycznej od początku jej kształtowania się, czyli od lat 30. XIX stulecia. W procesie zabezpieczania komory Michałowice prowadzono w zasadzie wszystkie rodzaje prac górniczych mających zastosowanie w wielickiej kopalni. W celu rozpoznania budowy geologicznej najbliższego otoczenia komory wykonano cały szereg prac, począwszy od bezpośredniego kartowania wyrobisk, poprzez prace wiertnicze aż do badań geofizycznych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest, oprócz przedstawienia historii komory Michałowice oraz budowy geologicznej górotworu w jej rejonie, ukazanie procesu zabezpieczania tego wyrobiska w zależności od postępującego przez lata rozpoznania geologicznego jego otoczenia oraz wpływu budowy geologicznej tej partii złoża na dobór właściwych zabezpieczających prac górniczych.

EN

The Michałowice chamber is one of the most famous excavations in the Wieliczka Salt Mine. Located in the centre of the mine, connecting level I with level II lower, is a tourist attraction of the underground tourist route from the beginning of its evolution, i.e. from the thirties of the 19th century. Virtually all types of mining works used in the Wieliczka mine have been conducted in the renovation process of the Michałowice chamber. In order to recognise the geological structures of the closest environment of the chamber a wide range of works have been conducted, from direct mapping of excavations, through drilling works to geophysical surveys. The purpose of this article, apart from presenting the history of the excavation and also the geological structures surrounding the Michałowice chamber, is to show how the renovation process depends on geological recognition of this part of the salt deposit.

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Determination of geological conditions of shaft deformations in the Wieliczka salt mine, South Poland

Szczerbowski Z., Jóźwik M.

Folia Quaternaria

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2002

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nr 73

47-51

EN

The paper analyses changes of rock mass observed in the "Kinga" and "Daniłowicz" shafts in the Wieliczka Salt Mine. These changes should be explained by geodynamic factors. The main aim of this work is to prove that in non-typical rock mass, like that of Wieliczka, a full description of horizontal, apart from vertical, displacements is necessary.