Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Zastosowanie nowoczesnych rozwiązań techniczno-materiałowych w modernizacji podziemnych obiektów zabytkowych na przykładzie Smoczej Jamy w Krakowie

Wałach Daniel

Materiały Budowlane

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2022

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nr 11

38--43

PL

W artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie nowoczesnych rozwiązań techniczno-materiałowych w modernizacji podziemnych obiektów zabytkowych na przykładzie Smoczej Jamy w Krakowie. Zaprezentowano metodę dokładnego odwzorowania trójwymiarowej geometrii jaskini na podstawie chmury punktów uzyskanej ze skaningu 3D oraz obliczeń numerycznych i określono zakres oraz metodę zabezpieczenia masywu skalnego. W artykule opisano również przeprowadzone dodatkowe prace modernizacyjne, których celem było ulepszenie funkcjonowania Smoczej Jamy oraz zwiększenie bezpieczeństwa jej użytkowników.

EN

The paper presents a case study of the application of modern technical and material solutions in the modernisation of underground historical structures on the example of the Dragon's Den in Krakow. It presents a methodology for accurately reconstructing the three-dimensional geometry of the cave on the basis of a point cloud obtained from 3D scanning and numerical calculations, which are the key to determining the extent and method of securing the rock mass. The paper also describes additional modernisation works performed to improve the functioning of the Dragon's Den and increase the safety of its visitors.

2

Characterization of near-surface sediments based on Electrical Resistivity Tomography measurements in the vicinity of the Wawel Hill (Krakow, Poland)

Ćwiklik M.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2013

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Vol. 39, no. 4

351--361

EN

The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method was applied at the SW foot of the Wawel Hill was applied. The survey was carried out along five survey lines (P1-P5), 50 m long each. The Wenner alpha array with spacing a = 0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m, 2.0 m, 2.5 m, 4.0 m, 5.5 m, 7.5 m, and 10.0 m was used. The basic electrode spacing was 0.5 m. In apparent resistivity contours and sections we can distinguish two zones, which have noticeably different resistivity values. The low resistivity zone dominates in the deeper part of the section on all survey lines, especially on the profiles located in the close neighbourhood of the Vistula River. The relative high resistivity zone is probably the effect of complex local geology, as well as the influence of the limestone of the Wawel Hill. Based on ERT inversion results, three resistivity zones were distinguished. Then the probable lithological or/and anthropogenic character was assigned to them. The shallowest zone has the thickness of about 0.5 m and results probably from accumulation of weathered limestone fragments derived from the Wawel Hill. It may be that high resistivity zones have anthropogenic character. Below, a zone of water-bearing sands was recorded, which may result from redevelopment and reclamation of this area. Thickness of this zone increases towards the Vistula River. Another zone, which can be identified with limestone, was identified on survey lines P4 and P5. This could also be result of accumulation of the calcareous debris for the purpose of planation of the area. In order to generalize and simplify the characterization of the quaternary sediments, ID interpretation was made. The method allows us to estimate the depth of groundwater, which in that place is about 5 m.

3

Building stones used in early mediaeval edifices of Krakow and geology of the area

Bromowicz J, Magiera J.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2013

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Vol. 39, no. 2

95--112

EN

The early mediaeval period witnessed a considerable breakdown in masonry techniques and in architecture in the Polish territory: the application of stone and developing of skills of shaping rocks into regular cuboid stone bricks. Only local stones quarried within a distance of ca. 15 km from Krakow were used in early mediaeval edifices in the city. They were: two varieties of limestones (Upper Jurassic) and three varieties of sandstones of the Carpathian flysch (Cretaceous to Palaeogene). Sedimentary environments (facies) and post-sedimentary processes determined compactness, block divisibility and workability of stones, which, further on, determined their application. Thin bedded sandstone and platy limestone yielded easily workable and relatively small (few to a dozen of centimetres in length) and quite regular bricks used in the earliest buildings. Rocky limestone was a source of irregularly shaped clumps used initially as a filler of walls erected in the opus emplectum technique. Later, it was used also for cutting larger (few tens of centimetres), more regular blocks. Bedded limestone was a good material for obtaining larger (a dozen or two dozens of centimetres) regular bricks used widely throughout the whole early mediaeval period. Blocks (2 or more metres in length) of soft dimension Carpathian sandstone were used for shaping and carving large elements: tombstones, columns, volutes, epitaphs, etc. Techniques of quarrying and stone working developed considerable with time. Initially, slope scree and stone from demolished older ramparts were used. Later, quarries reached deeper beds which yielded larger bricks and blocks. Stone sources "migrated" with time too. The earliest places of excavation were located within the city, e.g. on the Wawel, Skałka and Krzemionki hills. When those deposits were exhausted, mining moved to more distant spots.

4

Stratygrafia kulturowa w południowej i południowo-zachodniej części Wzgórza Wawelskiego na podstawie wybranych stanowisk

Kukliński A.

Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering

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2009

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nr 8

8 plik video 23:11

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Computer completion of the process of modelling the layout of illumination of Wawel Hill in Cracow

Żagan W., Ciupak M., Płuska M.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2008

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R. 84, nr 8

93-96

EN

Wawel has many features that render it extremely difficult to illuminate. Designing illumination with the use of field trials is practically impossible. Achieving an optimal effect required creation of a 3D model of the whole Hill and working out a computer program – supporting modelling of global luminance.

PL

W artykule omówiono zagadnienia projektowania inteligentnych systemów oświetleniowych. Przedstawiona została problematyka oświetlenia dziennego i elektrycznego oraz ich integracja, a także możliwości technologiczne i techniczne oświetlania. Wskazano główne wyzwania, które wymagają rozwiązania w celu lepszego wykorzystania systemów oświetleniowych z punktu widzenia zarówno aspektów zdrowotnych i komfortu wizualnego, jak i energooszczędności oraz funkcjonalności oświetlenia.

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Tetrakonchos NMP (św. św. Feliksa i Adaukta) na Wawelu jako przykład dziedzictwa antycznego w architekturze wczesnośredniowiecznej. Problemy interpretacyjne

Stala K.

Wiadomości Konserwatorskie

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2007

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Nr 21

20--27

PL

Rotunda NMP została fragmentarycznie odsłonięta w trakcie prac rewaloryzacyjnych Wzgórza Wawelskiego w rejonie tzw. Kuchni Królewskich przez Zygmunta Hendla w 1911 roku. Badania architektoniczno- archeologiczne prowadzone były w tym miejscu od 1917 roku przez Adolfa Szyszko-Bohusza, który jako pierwszy podjął próbę rekonstrukcji budowli wawelskiej.

EN

Rotunda of the Virgin was fragmented exposed during the work revaluation of Wawel Hill in the area of the so-called. Royal Cuisine by Zygmunt Hendel in 1911. Architectural and archaeological studies were conducted at the site since 1917 by Adolf Szyszko-Bohusz, who first attempted to reconstruct the building Wawel.