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1

Multi-sensor system for monitoring of river water pollution

Kadir Evizal Abdul, Irie Hitoshi, Rosa Sri Listia, Othman Mahmod

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2020

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R. 96, nr 4

62--66

EN

Rivers play significant roles in communities, including as source of drinking water and for transportation and other daily activities. However, water pollution is a major problem in several communities, with significant negative consequences to health and well-being and socioeconomic development. This research, therefore, aimed to design and develop a system with multiple sensors to monitor river water pollution because most communities use river water in their daily activities. In the design and development of the system, multiple sensor nodes were installed for the detection of water pollution parameters such as temperature, Electrical Conductivity (EC), water pH, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). The system was designed to monitor river water pollution parameters and send the information to the data centre (backend system). Arduino microcontroller was used to process and filter the data before sending to the backend system. Only valuable information was collected and kept in the database. Results show that the system was able to detect polluted water by showing the parameters of interest in a graph. The polluted water indicators were mostly contributed from residential waste and industries. This work has furnished progress in the development and validation of appropriate technologies for tackling river water pollution. In the future, WSNs sensors will be deployed in some areas and the results across the different areas will be compared. Furthermore, the Internet of Things (IoT) Technology will be used for data sharing and communication.

PL

Rzeki odgrywają znaczącą rolę w społecznościach, w tym jako źródło wody pitnej oraz transportu i innych codziennych czynności. Zanieczyszczenie wody stanowi jednak poważny problem w wielu społecznościach, co ma znaczące negatywne konsekwencje dla zdrowia i dobrostanu oraz rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. Dlatego te badania miały na celu zaprojektowanie i opracowanie systemu z wieloma czujnikami do monitorowania zanieczyszczenia wód rzecznych, ponieważ większość społeczności wykorzystuje wodę rzeczną w codziennych czynnościach. Podczas projektowania i rozwoju systemu zainstalowano wiele węzłów czujnikowych do wykrywania parametrów zanieczyszczenia wody, takich jak temperatura, przewodność elektryczna (EC), pH wody i rozpuszczony tlen (DO). System został zaprojektowany do monitorowania parametrów zanieczyszczenia wód rzecznych i wysyłania informacji do centrum danych (system zaplecza). Mikrokontroler Arduino został użyty do przetwarzania i filtrowania danych przed wysłaniem do systemu zaplecza. Tylko cenne informacje zostały zebrane i przechowywane w bazie danych. Wyniki pokazują, że system był w stanie wykryć zanieczyszczoną wodę, pokazując interesujące parametry na wykresie. Wskaźniki zanieczyszczonej wody pochodziły głównie z odpadów mieszkaniowych i przemysłu. Prace te zapewniły postęp w opracowywaniu i zatwierdzaniu odpowiednich technologii przeciwdziałania zanieczyszczeniu wód rzecznych. W przyszłości czujniki WSN zostaną wdrożone w niektórych obszarach, a wyniki w różnych obszarach zostaną porównane. Ponadto do wymiany danych i komunikacji zostanie wykorzystana technologia Internetu przedmiotów (IoT).

2

Comparative Analysis of Angle Based and Traditional Routing Protocols for MANETs / WSNs

Mishra Saurabh, Vijay Sandip

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2017

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Vol. 10

251--254

EN

In this paper Angle based routing protocols are discussed and analyzed, which are developed for Mobile AdHoc networks or mobile Wireless Sensor Networks. Moto of this paper is to provide an idea that the routing protocols developed for Mobile Adhoc Networks can be completely used in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks, by applying angle-based approach with them, as described in AODV, DYMO, OLSR, ZRP. This paper presents the approach of angle based routing protocol which are compared with the traditional routing protocols. The protocols are simulated on Qualnet simulator. The results shows different parameters of routing protocols like packet sent, packet received and forwarded at MAC layer etc.

3

Geographic Dijkstra-Based Multicast Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Musznicki B, Tomczak M., Zwierzykowski P.

Image Processing & Communications

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2012

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Vol. 17, no. 1-2

33--46

EN

Limited resources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the key concern that needs to be given a careful consideration when studying virtually any aspect of a sensor network. Therefore, energy demands and radio bandwidth utilization should be addressed, especially in one-to-many communication. It is evident that a need for centralized networkwide topology knowledge can jeopardize scarce energy resources of a sensor network. Thus, localized geographic multicast relies solely on locally available information about the position of current node, other nodes within the radio range and the location of destination group members. Greedy multicast routing procedures often transport messages along paths that may be far from being optimal. Therefore, Dijkstrabased Localized Energy-Efficient Multicast Algorithm (DLEMA) is presented, described with pseudocode, and discussed. DLEMA focuses on discovering energy shortest paths leading through nodes that provide the maximum geographical advance towards desired destinations. Local routes are followed owing to the use of a source routing technique. Additionally, the algorithm takes advantage of the broadcast nature of omnidirectional radio communication and utilizes perimeter routing to find a solution for local optimum situations. The analysis of the simulation results confirms interesting characteristics of the proposed algorithm.

4

A New Combined Optimization Model for Wireless Sensor Networks

Alijani A, Ivaz B, Mahjoub S

Image Processing & Communications

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2012

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Vol. 17, no. 1-2

61--66

EN

In this paper we proposed a multiobjective optimization model for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed model optimized several objectives, simultaneously. Indeed, by starting from a generic configuration we found new location for sensors, that the network have appropriate performance in terms of energy consumption and travelled distance. For the monotony of energy consumption and life time of sensors, the rate of energy consumption in each stage have been associated the previous stage. Through a series of calculations the behavior of the proposed model has been compared with other one-objective models.

5

Bezprzewodowe sieci sensorowe w przemyśle - problemy funkcjonowania i stosowalności

Pijawski B.

Technologia i Automatyzacja Montażu

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2010

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nr 1

10-15

EN

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consisting of small sensing modules are becoming widely used in industry. They are being used for monitoring and control industrial processes, as well as damage detection of infrastructure. This paper highlights the problems of coexistence Wireless Sensor Network with other wireless systems anticipated in the industrial work space and methods to eliminate the need for battery changes. A solution to this problem is to harvest and store energy from the environment - using strain, vibration, light and motion to generate the energy for sensing and wireless communications.

6

Sociability Based Routing for Environmental Opportunistic Networks

Verdone R., Fabbri F.

Advances in Electronics and Telecommunications

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2010

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Vol. 1, no. 1

98--103

EN

Network opportunism in wireless systems aims at jointly exploiting the resources of separate networks. So far, small emphasis to this paradigm has been given in the literature related to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This paper first describes a vision on the evolution of WSNs towards the application of this concept. Then, a way to allow exchange of information related to the available resources among networks, is formalised. Finally, the concept is exemplified by considering a specific type of application scenario and resource sharing approach: a vehicular network where pairs of mobile nodes exchange packets by exploiting a store-carry-forward mechanism. This scenario allows the introduction of the concept of Sociability Based Routing.