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Optimising water resources management by Using Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) in the West of Iraq

Abdulhameed Isam Mohammed, Sulaiman Sadeq Oleiwi, Najm Abu Baker Ahmed, Al-Ansari Nadhir

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 53

176--186

EN

Iraq has been suffering from decreasing Euphrates discharge due to the construction of dams within upstream countries and the use of surface irrigation systems. The country is facing a problem with meeting the increasing demand for water as a result of population growth and development in the industrial and agricultural sectors. Therefore, a simulation modelling was applied for western Iraq (Ramadi city as a case study) using the Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) for the period 2018-2035. This research follows a four-step approach that involves: (i) evaluating the available water of the Euphrates River under declined water imports caused by the construction of dams in Turkey and Syria, (ii) assessing present and future water demands of the domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors, (iii) improving water productivity (WP) by means of saving more water, (iv) estimating the economic returns under improved water use. The results showed that Iraq would face a serious problem in the coming years, represented by the limited storage of Haditha Dam, which is considered the strategic water storage site for the central and southern regions of Iraq. The study indicated the necessity of finding alternative sources of water supply by adopting new water management strategies to reduce the water deficit.

2

Estimation and management of the future evolution of groundwater water demand in the Taoura region, North-East Algeria

Rouaibia Farid, Sayad Lamine, Attoui Badra

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 49

195--203

EN

Evaluating the capacity to meet the need of water is crucial in order to fulfil expectations of managers, particularly in the Mediterranean area. The region is risk in terms of resources available as well as a steadily increasing in demand for water. The frontier drain of the city of Souk Ahras is located at the extreme Northeast of Algeria, on the Algerian-Tunisian borders, the study region includes eight city, which are Taoura, Drea, Zaârouria, Merahna, Ouillen, SidiFredj, Heddada and Khedara, these are relatively poor in surface water, but groundwater has always been the main water resource. The region’s population is around 93,000 inhabitants, 45% of them living in rural areas. Annual average precipitation is approximately 470 mm∙y–1, but it is distributed unequally in space and time. The average supply water varies from one zone to another and the coverage of demand by groundwater in the region remains low and does not meet all needs. Faced with the regions socioeconomic growth and development, this situation is expected to worsen in the future. In this context, the WEAP (Water Evaluation And Planning system) model was applied to simulate the water balance and assess strategies for the sustainable management of water resources and makes it possible to explore different scenarios, in order to choose the desired scenario to ensure the sustainable development of the sub-basin of the border until 2050. The availability of drinking water permanently in rural areas is a factor in the stability of a population and a means of combating the rural migration and the congestion of urban centres.

3

Modelling current and future supply and water demand in the northern region of the Seybouse Valley

Berredjem A.-F., Hani A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2017

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no. 33

31--38

EN

Water in the Seybouse River basin is getting scarce, yet it is the key to its economic development. A fast growing population, expanding agricultural and industrial sectors and the impacts of climate variability, create demands for new water sources and innovative management of water resources and services. The object of this study is the water resources management in the lower Seybouse basin characterized by a steady increase of water demand to meet different uses. This study takes into account changes in water demand of different urban, agricultural and industrial supply process. Our approach is to integrate data in WEAP modelling software to simulate current and future water balance and then to analyse the situation of water in different scenarios, socio-economic development and climate change to 2050. This software is based on the representation of the feeding system in a form of the network of water demand and supply. Our findings reveal the vulnerability of the region in its ability to the pressures resulting from the increase of needs of different sectors at the horizon of the forecasted period. They also indicate the need for larger mobilization of new resources into the system and lay the foundations for a sustainable water policy in the northern region of the Seybouse valley.

PL

Zasoby wody w zlewni rzeki Seybouse są coraz skromniejsze, a przecież są one kluczowym elementem rozwoju gospodarczego. Szybko rosnąca liczba ludności, rozwój rolnictwa i przemysłu oraz wpływ zmienności klimatu tworzą zapotrzebowanie na nowe źródła wody i innowacyjne metody zarządzania jej zasobami. Przedmiotem badań było zarządzanie zasobami w dolnej części zlewni Seybouse. W badaniach uwzględnia się zmiany zapotrzebowania na wodę w miastach, rolnictwie i przemyśle. W pracy integrowano dane w programie WEAP w celu symulowania obecnego i przyszłego bilansu wodnego, a następnie analizowano sytuację w warunkach różnych scenariuszy społeczno-gospodarczego rozwoju i zmian klimatycznych do roku 2050. Program polega na przedstawieniu systemu zasilania w formie sieci potrzeb i zaopatrzenia w wodę. Wyniki badań ujawniły wrażliwość regionu na presje wynikające z rosnących potrzeb wodnych różnych sektorów w prognozowanym horyzoncie czasowym. Wskazały także potrzebę uruchomienia nowych zasobów w systemie i stworzenia podstaw zrównoważonej polityki wodnej w północnym regionie doliny Seybouse.